Год литературы в России

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  Lesnogorodskaya school
  Student: Zemskaya Nastya
  Form: 8
  Teacher: Yastreb E.V.
  
  МБОУ Лесногородская СОШ
  Работу выполнила ученица
  8 класса Земская Анастасия.
  
  Учитель: Ястреб Е.В.
  The Year of the Russian Literature
  

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  Russian Literature
  Works of Old Russian literature are founders of the further development of the Russian literature. In Ancient Russia the main plot is usually someone's feat, heroism, fearlessness, patriotism. It is also described wars, the life of the tsars whom people admired. Then in Ancient Russia such feelings as patriotism, love to the family, call of duty and responsibility were appreciated. The real Russian person was ready to give everything for freedom.
  
  

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  Value of the Russian literature in human’s life
  The educational aim has beneficial influence on formation of the personality, broadens horizons, increases the level of speech, culture
  
  The moral aim is the formation of system of moral values and the principles of the personality
  
  The emotional aim has positive impact on the emotional sphere of the person
  
  The esthetic aim forms representation of the person about art, learns to enjoy creativity
  
  

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  Alexander Pushkin
  1799-1837
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  Evgeniy Onegin
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  

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  Pushkin’s fairy tales
  

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  Mikhail Lermontov
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  Mikhail Lermontov was born on 15 October 1814 in Moscow. They say that in the 17th century one of the Scottish Earls of Learmont settled in Russia and Mikhail was his descendant. Scientists also made a supposition that famous Scottish poet Thomas Learmont was his relative.
  After his parents’ death he was brought up by his grandmother. At the age of ten Mikhail had problems with health and they moved to the Caucasus. The fertile climate of this region was good for Mikhail. From that time he loved the Caucasus.
  Lermontov spent his childhood in the intellectual atmosphere and he became interested in English literature. He studied Byron’s poetry. The young poet entered the gymnasium where he developed a passion for the poetry of Zhukovsky and Pushkin.
  In 1830 after studying at gymnasium Mikhail entered Moscow University. But he was not a student for a long time.
  In 1837 Pushkin died. His death produced a strong impression on Lermontov. Consequently he wrote a poem “Death of the Poet” which displeased the Tsar. Lermontov was immediately exiled to the Caucasus.
  By 1839 Lermontov wrote one of his famous novels “A Hero of Our Time”. Mikhail Lermontov became a great poet of Russian literature. He is also called “the poet of the Caucasus”. Lermontov was a founder of the Russian psychological novel.
   
  
  

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  Leo Tolstoy
  

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  War and Peace
  

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  Fedor Dostoyevsky
  Fyodor Dostoevsky was an outstanding Russian write and is now regarded as one of the best novelists in the world. He was born on November the 11th 1821 in Moscow.
  His early works were published when he was 21 or 22 years old. At first he translated Balzac’s novel “Eugenie Grandet” and a year later he wrote his first work – “Poor Folk”, which made him immediately famous. One of the best literary critics of that time Belynsky said that this novel was excellent and socially useful. Dostoevsky soon left his military career and devoted himself to writing.
  In 1866 one of his most renowned works “Crime and Punishment” was published. At the same time he was working on “Gambler”.
  While travelling he wrote another outstanding novel “The Idiot” and started working on “Demons”. Dostoevsky died on February the 9th 1881. His last novel was “The Brothers Karamazov”.
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  

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  Crime and Punishment
  

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  Nikolai Gogol
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  Nikolai Gogol is a Russian writer. He was born on 20 March 1809 in the village of Sorochyntsi.
  In 1831Gogol presented Ukrainian stories (Evenings on a Farm Near Dikanka). In 1835 two volumes were in the collection of stories called Mirgorod.
  Gogol’s interest in history was an incitement to him to write a fictional story Taras Bulba where he described Ukrainian Cossacks.
  From 1832 to 1836 Gogol worked hard and during this time he was in touch with Pushkin. In April 1836 he presented his comedy The Government Inspector (Revizor). This work was an enormous success.
  In 1837 Pushkin died and this event made a lasting impression on Gogol.  After Pushkin’s death his main work was the satirical epic Dead Souls. Moreover he wrote the second comedy Marriage (Zhenitba) and started working on his noted short story, The Overcoat.
  In February 1852 Gogol destroyed some of his manuscripts including the second part of Dead Souls. 9 days later he died. Gogol was buried in the Novodevichy Cemetery.
  
  

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  Dead Souls
  

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  Taras Bulba
  

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  Sergey Yesenin
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  Sergei Yesenin was born on September 21, 1895 in Ryazan Konstantinovo village .The boy was brought up by his grandmother and grandfather. His grandmother told Yesenin a lot of folk songs, poems, rhymes, fairy tales and legends, which became the " backbone" of his poetic nature.
  In Moscow, he first worked in a butcher's shop , then in the bookstore. Yesenin began writing poetry at the age of nine , but then it looked more like works of folk songs and folk tunes . Since 1916 Yesenin worked as a nurse in the Tsar's military hospital train of the Empress Alexandra Feodorovna. Throughout the career Yesenin's main theme was his motherland. Esenin died December 28, 1925 . The official cause of death was suicide.
  
  

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  Bibliography:
  ru.wikipedia.org
  Белинский В. Г. Сочинения Александра Пушкина / : М,Художественная литература, 1985г. — 550 с.:вступительная статья и примечания Тюнькина К.И..
  Белинский В. Г. М. Ю. Лермонтов: Статьи и рецензии
  Белинский В. Г. О классиках русской литературы / Сост. А. Н. Дубовиков. — М.; Л.: Детгиз, 1948. — 360 с. То же. — М.; Л.: Детгиз, 1950. 
  С. Есенин. Сборник стихов
  Н.В. Гоголь. Сборник сочинений.
  Л.Н. Толстой. Война и мир
  
  Thank you for your attention!