Исследовательский проект „The history of development books“.

Исследовательский проект

„The history of development books“.

Проект выполнила:

Штепина Виктория

Руководитель проекта:

Корочкина А.Ю.

Москва 2016

Содержание 

1.    Ведение

2.    Основная часть

3.    Исследовательская часть

4.    Заключение

5.    Библиография

Паспорт проекта

Тема проекта: «История развития книг».

Предмет: английский язык.

Класс: 9

Количество учащихся: 1

Возраст:  15

Время работы над проектом: октябрь-март

Форма работы: внеурочная.

Цель проекта: привлечь внимание школьников к значимости чтения и его роли в нашей жизни.

Учебно-педагогические задачи:

- учить применять знания, умения и навыки по предмету в реализации проекта.

- развить у учащихся творческие способности, навыки исследования, умения работать со справочной литературой;

- воспитать у учащихся дух сотрудничества и взаимопонимания;

Мотивация к работе: личный интерес учащихся, самореализация.

Информационно-техническое обеспечение: учащиеся использовали домашний компьютер с доступом в Интернет, сканер, учебную и учебно-методическую литературу, школьную библиотеку.

Ведение

Актуальность проекта

      Книга – важнейший источник информации, огромный сгусток энергии и источник человеческого наслаждения. Книги нас  знакомят с чужими странами, рассказывают о привычках, качествах других людей. Благодаря ним, мы расширяем свои знания, лучше понимаем людей, узнаём много нового, интересного для себя, то есть книга нас развивает.
      Но многие люди с этим не согласны и считают, что современные технологии могут вытеснить книгу и она уже больше никогда не потребуется. А зачем книга, когда есть телевизор, радио, интернет? Они обо всём расскажут и всё покажут. Зачем часами сидеть и читать кучу книг, когда можно приятно провести время у телевизора?

   Проблема: нужно ли читать книги современному подростку или брать информацию  из других источников, пользуясь  современными информационными технологиями.

Наш проект поможет современному школьнику понять роль и место книги в жизни. Научит выражать мысли на английском языке.

   Гипотеза: если мы хотим стать образованными людьми, то постоянно должны общаться с книгой.

Ожидаемые результаты:

-повысится  заинтересованность учащихся  в чтении книг не только на русском, но и на английском языке;

 - учащиеся научатся  выражать  мысли на английском языке;

- учащиеся приобретут навыки исследования, научатся работать со справочной литературой и словарями.

-увеличится  количество учащихся, посещающих библиотеку.

Перспективы развития:

-на уроках домашнего чтения знакомиться с произведениями английских и американских  писателей Даниеля Дефо, Джека Лондона, Марка Твена;

-во внеклассной работе инсценировать отрывки из произведений, названных писателей.

Origin of books

Many, many years ago a town crier ran through the streets and shouted out all the news.

But now we live in the Atomic Age. Too many things happen too quickly for us to learn about them in the old- fashioned way. That is why we have to read more and more in order to find out what is happening in the world. Reading is rarely a waste of time.

Have you ever thought about the kind of books people used long ago? It is only in the last 500 years that books have been printed on paper. Before that time the only way of making books was to write them out by hand. No one knows when writing first began, but we have found drawings on the walls of caves and scratchings on bones which are at least 25,000 years old.

         The invention of paper played a very important part in the development of books. In the 11th century the art of papermaking reached Europe but no trace of printing was found in Europe 1423. It is known that Johann Gutenberg secretly tried out ways of printing in Strasbourg, Germany, in 1440£ The knowledge of the methods of printing spread so quickly over the Continent of Europe that by the year Щ nearly every country had started printing books. Later people began to learn how to make paper more quickly and cheaply and of better quality.       

As a result of this, books became much lighter and smaller. The first person to print books in the English language was William Caxton, in Russia — Ivan Fedorov. Ivan Fedorov and his assistants were the first to use Russian letters. By the 16th century books looked very much as they do today and since then very little change has been made their appearance.

Основная часть

Books in our life

Nowadays it's almost impossible to imagine our life without books. Perhaps, there are more books on our plan than men alive. Long before the invention of printing people valued books as treasure troves of the human knowledge and experience. Hand — written manuscripts took months of writing and were collected by and kept in monasteries with utmost care. We can distinguish books between three classes of them. Firstly, books on different branches knowledge, works by brilliant minds of mankind. Secondly, textbooks, reference books and numerous dictionaries And at last, books of all kinds and genres to read at leisure.

Classics should be taken a little at a time. One's understanding of books lay Tolstoy and Dostoyevsky, Mopassan and Balzak depends on one's age and experience. Serious books are to be read conscientiously and maybe more th once. To a thinking reader they will provide new food for thought every time he rereads it.                                                             _ь

Many people indulge in reading science fiction, fantasy or detective stories. Of course, there are some advantages and disadvantages of this kind of literature, often referred to as «easy reading». As for me, good science fiction and fantasy develop imagination, logical thinking, broader one's outlook.

The same could be said in favour of detective stories. They reveal such minute details of everyday life in this that particular country that are of greatest interest for a curious reader. The masterpieces of this genre by S^s Arthur Conan Doyle, Agatha Christie and others, show the depths of psychological analysis, the insight into the human nature.

About Book Genres

Book Genres are categories that books are divided into.  Each genre or category will contain a certain type of story, and have defining characteristics.  You can use genres to find the books you enjoy most.

Below are the different book genres:

                                                                      Historical Fiction

Realistic     Fiction

  

Realistic fiction should take place in the

present time period. The story should be

one that COULD really happen in

today's world.

Fantasy

 Historical fiction is a story that takes

place in  the past. Historical fiction is

usually based on true events, but

sometimes the characters are not real people.

A fantasy book is any story that contains

 magic. If it can't happen in the real world,

 then it is magical and the story is fantasy!

                     Science Fiction

Science fiction is not just space and aliens! Science fiction is a story that predicts the future of the world and is rooted in science. While science fiction stories may not be possible today, because they are based in science, they MAY one day be possible.

                                                                                     Horror

Horror stories are written to be

 disturbing, shocking, and scary.

 If you like stories that give you nightmares,  horror is what you're looking for!

    Mystery

Mystery stories are all about gathering

clues and solving puzzles. Can you solve

the mystery before the character in the book does?

                                                                                 Action/Adventure

                                                                       Action/Adventure stories are known

                                                                       for their fast-paced plots and suspenseful

                                                                       twists. These stories almost always

          have a hero and villian

Romance

 

Romance books are stories about LOVE.

These stories often tell the story of how

two people met and fell in love with each other.

Sigh...

Исследовательская часть

Research – generalization «Books in our life».

      Having conducted this research, it has been revealed that pupils of our school read books, visit libraries. Especially they like to read fairy tales, adventures and detectives. But thrillers and books of horrors they read seldom. They choose books first of all by a genre and by authors; also they listen to advice of teachers, parents, and friends. But unfortunately among our pupils there are also such pupils who don’t like to read, and they read only because it is necessary according to the school program.

     Some of modern teenagers don’t like reading books. They prefer watching TV, playing computer games and other kinds of entertainment. We don’t think it’s very good.

Reading plays a very important role in the life of people. It educates a person, enriches his intellect and expands his outlook. Besides, books bring pleasure and delight. It's a wonderful way of spending free time. Sometimes we read the same book again and again. Thanks to books we learn to express our thoughts and feelings more exactly. The book is reliable and understanding friend.

   We hope, after having conducted this work we managed to convince our pupils in the benefit of reading of books. We believe that pupils will visit librarys and read books more often.

Research: “What do we read? Genres of books”.

 Question: “What do you like to read?”  Doing this research we interviewed    pupils of the 8th forms, teachers and the librarian of our school.

Research “How do we choose books?”

The pupils were asked a question: “What do you take into account while choosing a book to read?”

Research “What do our teachers read?”

We did research not only among the pupils of our school, but it was interesting to find out what our teachers like to read.

Заключение

Conclusion

So we can say that books play an important role in upbringing our feelings, views and tastes, give us a lot of useful information. I enjoy English and American literature. It helps me to know more about other countries, historical past of these countries, the life of their people, their customs and traditions, the beauty of nature and human feelings.

As an old saying goes, man cannot live on bread alone. Books are the source of knowledge and the means of self perfection.

Sometimes it is difficult to solve some problems in life. I think that books can help us. Books must be our friends during all our life.

Библиография

1.     Журина Т.Ю. «55 устных тем по английскому языку» Москва Дрофа 2004г.

2.     Смирнов Ю.А. «95 устных тем по английскому языку» Моаква  Астель 2011г.

3.     Б.С.Островский Английский язык Факультативный курс Москва Просвещение 1998г.

4.     Дзюина Е.В. «Игровые уроки и внеклассные мероприятия на английском языке» Москва Вако2007г.

5.     Вахмистров В.В. «Читай и говори по английский» Москва ВИМО 1979г.

6.     Г.Бардина Английский клуб «Читаем Шекспира» Москва Айрис пресс 2009г.

7.     Интернет ресурсы :

www.fotoved.ru

www.englishprojeck.ru