Клирехью - оригинальные английские стишки

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ClerihewsHistoric events Famous people
Cultural association

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1 слайд

Clerihews
Historic
events
Famous people

Cultural association
2 слайд

The idea of clerihew belongs to Edmund Clerihew Bentley (1875-1956) – an English journalist who wrote detective stories and invented a form of comic verse with four lines, now called “a clerihew” after his middle name. Clerihews are usually about well-known people.
The father of the poem
3 слайд

Эдмонду Клирехью Бентли
Клубились тучи, ветер выл,
И мир дышал распадом
В те дни, когда мы вышли в путь
С неомраченным взглядом
Наука славила свой нуль,
Искусством правил бред;
Лишь мы смеялись, как могли,
По молодости лет.
4 слайд

Clerihews
to get acquainted with a new poetic form;
to practice reading and translating short
humorous poems;
to learn some facts of the historic and cultural background of Britain of the XVI-XIX centuries;
to summarise the results of the research;
Aims:
5 слайд

Источники информации:
Эрик Дональд Херш. Культурная грамотность. Что должен знать каждый американец, 1987.

Словарь языка и культуры, 1994.

Оксфордский путеводитель в американскую и Британскую культуру,
2000 и т. д.

Ресурсы сети Интернет
6 слайд

What is clerihew?
Four lines
Humorous?
Proper name?
7 слайд

Mary, Mary quite contrary,
How does your garden grow?
With silver bells and cockle-shells,
And pretty maids all in row.
Students' translations
Мэри, Мэри, озорница,
Как живет твой чудный сад,
Колокольчик, перловица
И красавиц-кукол ряд?
8 слайд

Мэри, Мэри, баловница
Как живет твой чудо-двор,
Куклы, чашки и зверюшки-
Все стоят как на подбор.
9 слайд

The poem may describe Mary, the Queen of Scots.
Mary Stuart (1542-1587) – the daughter of James V of Scotland and the cousin of Elizabeth I of England.
She became queen of Scotland as a baby.
In 1567 she had to abdicate and ran away to England.
Many Catholics thought she should have been queen of England instead of Elizabeth I.
she was thought to have been involved in a plan to kill Elizabeth.
She ordered her to be killed.
Later Mary’s son, James VI of Scotland, also became King (James) of England.
In her life Mary had three husbands and many adventures.
She was often thought of as a brave and beautiful woman.
Many stories and books have been written about her.
10 слайд

Sir Christopher Wren
Sir Christopher Wren
Said, I am going to dine with some men
If anybody calls
Say I am designing St. Paul’s.
11 слайд

Sir Christopher Wren (1632-1723). Apart from his well known skill as an architect, Wren was a renowned mathematician and scientist, and we therefore see him overseeing the capital’s rebuilding from an architrave, conducting work with a pair of dividers. Wren is remembered best for St. Paul's Cathedral, his masterpiece.

St. Paul’s Cathedral before the Fire

St. Paul' Cathedral nowadays
12 слайд

Ring a Ring o’Roses
A pocket full of posies,
A – tishoo! A – tishoo!
We all fall down.

The nursery rhyme may refer to the Great Plague: the roses are red spots on the skin and the last line, “We all fall down” refers to people dying. Americans say “Ring around the Rosie”
The Great Plague is an epidemic of plague that ravaged London from late 1664 to early 1666 wiping out more than a tenth of a total population, estimated at 460,000. It began in late autumn of 1664 in a London suburb and the greatest devastation was in the quarters densely crowded by the poor. The king and the court fled from London in June and did not return until February, 1666. The total number of deaths from the Great Plague in 1665, according to the bill of mortality, was 68, 596. From London the disease spread widely over the country, wiping out whole villages. The disappearance of the plague from London has often been attributed to the Great Fire in September 1666, but it also subsided in other cities without such a cause.
13 слайд

Illustration of the Black Death from the Toggenburg Bible - 1411
Jewish people were burnt alive during the Plague
The Great Plague
14 слайд

The Fire of London (also the Great Fire) was a very large fire which lasted for two days in 1666 and destroyed many parts of London.

The Great Fire in September 1666
15 слайд

The Duke of Wellington
The Duke of Wellington (1769-1852) – English soldier and politician, sometimes called the Iron Duke. He was made a duke in 1814 as a reward for his victories against the French general Napoleon in the Peninsular War. The next year Wellington’s army completely defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo. The Duke then began an active political career and in 1828 became leader of the Tories and Prime Minister of Britain.
16 слайд

The Grand Old Duke
Oh, the Grand Old Duke of New York
He had ten thousand men,
He marched them up to the top of the hill
And he marched them down again.
The Duke of Cumberland
(1721-1765)
He was a famous army commander, English general, the second son of the king George II, he defeated the Scottish army at the battle of Culloden and was given the nickname “Butcher Cumberland.
17 слайд

О, этот старый граф из Нью-Йорка.
Имея тысячи солдат,
Никак не мог он все решиться
Идти вперед или назад.
18 слайд

1. Клирехью являются художественными произведениями и, кроме того, являются отражением реальной действительности.
2. Клирехью актуальны в настоящее время, так как с их помощью можно изучать и анализировать исторические события и черты характера наших предков и современного человека.
3. Клирехью помогают совершенствовать произносительные навыки, навыки перевода и говорение, что приближает нас к реальному общению на английском языке.

Выбранный для просмотра документ Теория по клирехью, примеры.doc

В разделе идет знакомство с оригинальными английскими стишками-клирехью (clerihews), которые являются лингвокультурием, воссоздающими историко-культурный контекст Англии XV-XVIII веков. Все клирехью связаны с различными именами собственными, которые как лексические единицы антропонимы, топонимы всегда близки к реалиям. Их изучение является неотъемлемой частью в подготовке специалиста, реализующего себя как составную часть общемирового культурного процесса. Этому лексическому слою языка присуща ярко выраженная национально-культурная семантика. Групповое и индивидуальное значение имен собственных прямо производно от культуры народа – носителя языка. Детские стишки, рифмовки присутствуют во многих солидных лексикографических справочниках; Эрик Дональд Херш. Культурная грамотность. Что должен знать каждый американец, 1987. Словарь языка и культуры, 1994; Оксфордский путеводитель в Американскую и Британскую культуру, 2000 и т.д. Это подтверждает правильность выбора такого материала в качестве культуроведческого.

Детские стишки и клирехью, связанные с историческими событиями в Англии, с рядом культурных ассоциаций, с выдающимися людьми разных эпох являются лингвокультуремами, воссоздающими историко-культурный контекст. В них заложено много юмора, они легко рифмуются и запоминаются наизусть. Клирехью – это юмористическое четверостишие. Название произошло от имени собственного автора данного вида комического стихотворения.

Edmund Clerihew Bentley [klerihju bentli] (1875-1956) an English journalist who wrote detective stories and invented a form of comic verse with four lines. Now called a clerihew after his middle name. Clerihews are usually about well-known people.

Схема работы с такими текстами следующая:

Методические рекомендации по работе с клирехью.

Художественный текст

↓

Социально-исторический портрет

↓

Реальные коммуникационные потребности

Например, текст №1 “Mary, Mary Quite Contrary”

Mary, Mary quite contrary,

How does your garden grow?

With silver bells and cockle-shells,

And pretty maids all in row.

Notes and commentary

“Mary, Mary, quite contrary” is the title and first line of a traditional nursery rhyme, sometimes set to music. The poem may describe Mary, Queen of Scots.

Mary, Queen of Scots, also Mary Stuart (1542-15870 –the daughter of James V of Scotland and the cousin of Elizabeth I of England. She became queen of Scotland as a baby. In 1567 she had to abdicate and ran away to England, where she spent the rest of her life as a prisoner. Many Catholics thought she should have been queen of England instead of Elizabeth I. She was thought to have been involved in a plan to kill Elizabeth, and Elizabeth ordered her to be killed. She was killed by having her head cut off. When Elizabeth died, Mary’s son, James VI of Scotland, also became King (James) of England. In her life Mary had three husbands and many adventures. She is often thought of as a brave and beautiful woman and many stories and books have been written about her.

Glossary

Contrary - упрямый

Cockle-shell - раковина

Maid - служанка

Row - ряд

Abdicate - отрекаться, отказываться

Catholic - католик

Exercises

1.Translate the nursery rhyme into Russian. Compare it with the translation below.

Мэри, Мэри, озорница,

Как живет твой чудный сад,

Колокольчик, перловица

И красавиц-кукол ряд?

2.Try to make your own translation of this poem.

Клирехью

Текст №1 “Sir Christopher Wren”

Sir Christopher Wren

Said, I am going to dine with some men

If anybody calls

Say I am designing St. Paul’s.

Notes and Commentary

Sir Christopher Wren (1632-1723) one of the most famous English architects, known especially for designing the present St. Paul’s Cathedral and other churches in London. Among other buildings he designed are Chelsea Hospital, the Royal Naval College and parts of Hampton Court. His buildings combined the baroque style with the classical style. He was also a scientist and astronomer and one of the groups of people who established the Royal Society. He was made a knight in 1673. He lies under the roof of his own great work. These words are written on his grave: “Reader, if you want to see his monument, look around.”

St. Paul’s Cathedral was designed in the late XVIIth century to replace a previous cathedral destroyed in the Fire of London, and was completed in 1710. It has a large dome, inside which is the famous Whispering Gallery. The Cathedral contains the graves of many famous people, including Lord Nelson, the Duke of Wellington.

Chelsea Hospital is a large building in Chelsea, London built in the 1680s by Charles II as a home for 440 old or injured soldiers, who became known as Chelsea Pensioners.

The Royal Naval College is a military college in south-west England, where people train to be officers in the Royal Navy.

Hampton Court is a grand place beside the River Thames, 15 miles to the west of London. It was built by Cardinal Wolsey in 1515 and given by him to King Henry VIII. Hampton Court is now open to public. As well as its fine buildings, it is famous for its gardens and maze.

The Fire of London (also the Great Fire) was a very large fire which lasted for two days in 1666 and destroyed many parts of London.

Lord Nelson (born Horatio Nelson 1758-1805) – English admiral who became famous for winning a number of sea battles against the French in the 1790s. These victories strengthened British military power at sea, and prevented Napoleon’s forces attacking Britain.

The Duke of Wellington (1769-1852) – English soldier and politician, sometimes called the Iron Duke. He was made a duke in 1814 as a reward for his victories against the French general Napoleon in the Peninsular War. The next year Wellington’s army completely defeated napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo. The Duke then began an active political career and in 1828 became leader of the Tories and Prime Minister of Britain.

Glossary

To be a knight (v) – быть произведенным в рыцари

Design (v) – оформлять

Injured – раненый

Dome – купол

Grand – грандиозный, величественный

Maze – лабиринт

Reward for something – награда за что-либо

Political career – политическая карьера

Tory (pl. Tories) – тори, консерватор

Duke - герцог

Текст №2 “The Grand Old Duke”

Oh, the Grand Old Duke of New York

He had ten thousand men,

He marched them up to the top of the hill

And he marched them down again.

Notes and Commentary

The nursery rhyme often mentioned when someone seems to keep doing something and the doing the opposite. It is sometimes used to refer to somebody who cannot decide what to do. The Grand Old duke of New York is supposed to be about the Duke of Cumberland, a famous army commander.

The Duke of Cumberland (1721-1765) – English general, the second son of the king George II. He defeated the Scottish army at the battle of Culloden and then treated them so severely, that he was given the nickname “Butcher Cumberland”

Glossary

March up – двигаться походным порядком вверх

March down – двигаться походным порядком вниз

Commander - командующий

Defeat (v) – наносить поражение

Treat somebody severely – обращаться с кем-либо сурово

Nickname – прозвище

Текст №3 “Little Jack Horner”

Little Jack Horner

Sat in the corner

Eating a Christmas pie;

He put in his thumb

And pulled out a plum,

And said, what a good boy am I!

Little Jack Horner is a boy in a traditional Nursery rhyme.

The poem may refer to a man called Jack Horner who as a servant of King Henry VIII.

Henry VIII (1491-1547) – the most famous English king (1509-1547). He was cruel and wasteful with money. The most well-known fact about Henry VIII is that he had six wives. His first wife, Catherine of Aragon, failed to bear him son, but the Pope would not allow him to divorce her. As a result, the Church of England broke away from the Roman Catholic Church, and Henry married Anne Boleyn. She was later found guilty of adultery and Henry had her head cut off. His other wives were Jane Seymour, who died while giving birth to a child, Anna of Cleves, who Henry divorced, Catherine Howard, who was executed, and Catherine Parr, who lived on after Henry’s death. Henry encouraged learning and allowed the Bible to be printed in English. Under Henry England became richer and more powerful.

Glossary

Thumb – большой палец руки

Wasteful - расточительный

Divorce somebody (v) – разводиться с кем-либо

Give birth to a child (v) – родить ребенка

Be executed (v) – быть казненным

Adultery – нарушение супружеской верности

Exercise

Translate the poem “Little Jack Horner” into Russian. Compare your translation with the text below.

Джеки-дружок сел в уголок,

Сунул в пирог свой пальчик.

Изюминку съел и громко пропел:

«Какой я хороший мальчик!»

Текст №4 «Ring a Ring o’Roses»

Ring a Ring o’Roses

A pocket full of posies,

A – tishoo! A – tishoo!

We all fall down.

Notes and Commentary

Ring a Ring o’Roses is a traditional children’s song and game in which the players joined hands and dance in a circle singing, and then pretend to sneeze, and fall down on the last line.

The nursery rhyme may refer to the Great Plague: the roses are red spots on the skin and the last line, “We all fall down” refers to people dying. Americans say “Ring around the Rosie”

The Great Plague is an epidemic of plague that ravaged London from late 1664 to early 1666 wiping out more than a tenth of a total population, estimated at 460,000. It began in late autumn of 1664 in a London suburb and the greatest devastation was in the quarters densely crowded by the poor. The king and the court fled from London in June and did not return until February, 1666. The total number of deaths from the Great Plague in 1665, according to the bill of mortality, was 68, 596. From London the disease spread widely over the country, wiping out whole villages. The disappearance of the plague from London has often been attributed to the Great Fire in September 1666, but it also subsided in other cities without such a cause.

Charles II (1630-1685) – king of England, Scotland and Ireland, who was the son of Charles I, and became king after The English Civil War.

Glossary

Posy – маленький букет цветов

Plague – чума

Ravage (v) – опустошать

Estimated – предположительный

Devastation – опустошение, разорение

Bill of mortality – (истор.) бюллетень о количестве умерших за неделю

Subside (v) – утихать, стихать

Flee (v) – уезжать, спасаться бегством.

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В разделе идет знакомство с оригинальными английскими стишками-клирехью (clerihews), которые являются лингвокультурием, воссоздающими историко-культурный контекст Англии XV-XVIIIвеков. Все клирехью связаны с различными именами собственными, которые как лексические единицы антропонимы, топонимы всегда близки к реалиям. Их изучение является неотъемлемой частью в подготовке специалиста, реализующего себя как составную часть общемирового культурного процесса.Этому лексическому слою языка присуща ярко выраженная национально-культурная семантика. Групповое и индивидуальное значение имен собственных прямо производно от культуры народа – носителя языка. man","serif";mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:RU;mso-fareast-language:RU;mso-bidi-language: AR-SA'>), которые являются лингвокультурием, воссоздающими историко-культурный контекст Англии XV-XVIIIвеков. Все клирехью связаны с различными именами собственными, которые как лексические единицы антропонимы, топонимы всегда близки к реалиям. Их изучение является неотъемлемой частью в подготовке специалиста, реализующего себя как составную часть общемирового культурного процесса.

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