Внеурочка: «Праздники, традиции в США и
Великобритании»
Цель:
ознакомление учащихся с праздниками и традициями в англоязычных странах
Задачи:
1)
воспитательная:
воспитывать у учащихся чувство уважения к истории и культуре страны изучаемого
языка, а через это и к своей национальной культуре;
2)
практическая: провести
практику речевой деятельности и аудирования, развивать навыки чтения текста с
извлечением необходимой информации;
3)
развивающая: развитие
творческой фантазии и инициативы в осуществлении иноязычной речевой
деятельности, а также развитие познавательных интересов учащихся.
Оборудование: карточки с текстом по данной теме, компьютер, мультимедиапроектор.
Ход урока
1. Организационный
момент:
T: –
Good
morning, everybody! I’m
very glad to see you at today’s lesson. How are you?
Ps:
– Fine, thanks. And how are you?
T: – I’m fine too. Thank you. Boys and girls, we have
talked a lot about the United State. We have spoken about the political systems
in these countries, about big cities, about the population, geography, but it
seems to me we haven’t spoken enough about national holidays, traditions and
superstitions.
At
this lesson some of you will tell us about Christmas Day, New Year’s Day, and
St.Valentaine’s Day, about Easter, Mother’s Day, about Independence Day in the USA
and other holidays and traditions. Let’s begin with Christmas Day.
2. Развитие навыка монолога.
P1: (показывает открытки-поздравления с Рождеством, чулок
с подарками и красивый венок, который англичане вешают накануне на входной двери.
Затем рассказывает о Рождестве):
“Christmas Day is celebrated on the 25th
of December. In America it is the most important holiday of the year. Christmas
is a family holiday. Shops, post-offices, banks and business houses are closed
for the day. Schools and colleges close between Christmas and the New Year’s
Day.
People stay at home and spend the time with their
families. Everybody is buying Christmas presents for friends and relations. People
send cards or Christmas greetings to their friends. They wish their friends “Marry
Christmas “and “A Happy New Year”.
Every
family tries to have a Christmas tree, which is decorated with coloured lights.
They also hang little toys, sweets on the tree and they put present under the
tree.
When
the day before the vacation begins, schools have Christmas parties. Children
sing carols. They recite poems.”
Ученики прослушивают песню “Jingle, Bells” и читают стихи.
“Little children believe
that when they are asleep Santa Claus (or Father Frost) comes to visit them with
a big bag of toys. They often hang up large stockings to receive the presents.
On
Christmas morning children look into their stockings and see their gifts.
The
grown-ups save their own presents till breakfast-time. After breakfast they go to
church and the children play with their new toys and the mother prepares
dinner. Usually the whole family has a big Christmas dinner in the afternoon or
evening”.
“In the United States, Christmas Day is celebrated on
the 25th of December. The people send and receive Christmas cards,
gifts, presents. Children especially wait for this marry holiday. All families
gather together for Christmas dinner. They eat chicken, turkey, duck, goose and
pudding, pies for the sweet”.
“The 1st of January is New Year’s Day. It is customary for people to
remain awake until after midnight on December 31st so that you may
“watch the old year out and the new year in.
Many
parties are given on this night. The theatres, night clubs and restaurants are
crowded.
When
midnight comes, everyone at the party stops whatever they have been doing to
greet the new year.
The
favourite song at a New Year’s Eve party is “Old Lang Syne”. It was written by
Robert Burns. The marry makers always sing part of it.
People
gather in the streets of big cities, they make noise in every way they can.
T:
On the 14th of February the Americans celebrate Saint Valentine’s Day. One of you will tell us
about this holiday.
“St.Valentine’s Day is not a legal or national holiday.
Banks and offices do not close, but it is a happy little festival, especially
for children and young people. It is celebrated among persons of all ages. A
“valentine” may mean a special greeting card or a little present. It may also
be a person who receives a gift.
The
greeting cards are often coloured, have red trimmings and pictures of hearts.
The
day is a time to send little gifts to those you love. Flowers and candy are
favourite presents which sweethearts send each other. Valentine candy is packed
in red heart-shaped boxes and sold for this one day. It is a favourite day for
parties, especially by young people. The hosts trim the hall with red and white
paper streamers and hearts”
T: Songs such as the following became popular during the
early years of the 20th century in the United States. These songs
for sweethearts were usually sung in four-part harmony without musical
instruments. Groups who sang these songs became known as Barbershop Quartets
because barbers sang them in their shops as they cut hair.
“Let
Me Call You Sweetheart” was written by Beth Slater Whitson and Leo Friedman.
Учащиеся прослушивают песню “Let me call you sweetheart”
Let me call you
sweetheart
I’m in love with you
Let me hear your
whisper
That you love me, too.
Keep the lovelight
glowing
In your eyes so true.
Let me call you
sweetheart,
I’m in love with you.
T:
You know that the Americans celebrate
Mother’s Day in May and Father’s Day in June. Now we’ll hear about these holidays.
“Mother’s Day comes on the second Sunday in May.
This is a day when Americans honour their mothers. Most mothers like to
celebrate this day with the whole family. Many people send their mothers a card
or a gift. Some people take their mothers to a restaurant for dinner.
It
is the custom to carry a red or pink flower, if one’s mother is living. It is
the custom to carry a white flower if one’s mother is dead.
Father’s Day comes on the third Sunday in June. Many people
send their fathers a card or a gift.
During
the autumn some colleges celebrate Dad’s Day. They honour their fathers among
the members and friends of the college”.
T:
Now we shall speak about a very great
holiday, Easter.
“Every country has its traditions. In England traditions play a very important part in the life of the people.
Easter comes on a Sunday between March and
April. Just before Easter the schools and colleges usually close. The students
have a week or ten days of spring vacation.
Easter
is a church holiday. Easter marks the end of winter and the beginning of
spring.
At
Easter people buy new clothes to wear on Easter Sunday. There is a popular
belief that wearing three new things on Easter will bring good luck in the
year. After church services many people like to take walks down the street in
their new Easter hats and suits. This colourful procession of people dressed in
new spring clothes is called the “Easter Parade”.
Another
custom is decorating eggs for children. In many parts of the country eggs are
hidden in the yards and the children have to find them. Little children believe
the Easter rabbit comes and leaves the eggs for them. That’s why the Easter
candy is made in the form off eggs, little chickens and rabbits. Eggs are the
symbol of new life.
An
old English custom is to roll hard-boiled eggs down a hill. The last egg to
break brings good luck to the one who has rolled it”.
T: Now we shall hear about the national holiday in America.
It is Independence Day.
“On July4, 1776,
a group of Americans representing the thirteen British colonies on the
Atlantic coast of North America signed a document stating that these colonies
had the right to be free and independent. This document is known as the
Declaration of Independence. July4 is celebrated by Americans as a national
holiday, Independence Day.
There
is a building in Philadelphia which is called Independence Hall. Here the
Declaration was signed. On the building is the famous Liberty Bell which rang
to tell the people in the street that a new country had been born”.
T:
On the 30th of May the
Americans celebrate Memorial Day. It is
a national holiday. Schools, banks and offices close for the day. On that day
Americans honour the servicemen who gave their lives in past wars. Schools,
clubs and churches decorate cemeteries.
If
you listen to the radio or TV on Memorial Day you may hear many patriotic
songs, especially songs of the Civil War.
Now
we shall listen to the story of another holiday. Many years ago people believed
in devils and witches. Children pun on masks and went to the streets to beg. It
was Halloween Day. Children celebrate this Day now too.
“Halloween is the day or evening before All
Saint’s Day. Many Halloween stories and games are hundreds of years old. Then
people believed in devils, witches and ghosts.
American
children celebrate Beggar’s Night as Irish children did in the 17th
century. They dress up in Halloween costumes and go into the streets to beg.
They
often wear masks over their faces. They carry baskets and bags. They go from
house to house and knock on the door. They ring the bell. When people come to
the door, the children say, “Trick or treat! Trick or treat!” meaning “Give us
a treat or we’ll play a trick on you”. People give the children sweets, cookies
and apples.
A
favourite Halloween custom is to make a jack-o’-lantern. The children scrape
out a pumpkin and cut the eyes, mouth and nose.
They
light a candle inside the pumpkin to scare their friends. They set jack-o’-lanterns
in the window”.
3.
Развитие навыков аудирования.
T: And now let’s watch a film about a national holiday
in the United States – Thanksgiving Day.
Новые слова:
Pilgrim – 1) паломник, 2) странник;
Pilgrim Fathers – английские колонисты, поселившиеся в
Америке в 1621 г;
Turkey – индейка;
Pumpkin pie – тыквенный пирог.
Учащиеся прочитывают новые слова, затем смотрят небольшой видеофильм
“Thanksgiving
Day”
4. Чтение текста “Thanksgiving Day”
5. Проверка понимания информации, полученной из текста
и дополнительного источника.
1)
Is Thanksgiving Day a national
holiday in the USA?
2)
When is this holiday celebrated?
3)
Who was the first to celebrate
this holiday?
4)
Do the churches hold Thanksgiving
Day services?
5)
Where do all members of the family
gather during this holiday?
6)
What does the family eat at traditional
dinner?
7)
What do many people do after
dinner?
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