Грамматические правила английского языка в картинках

Спряжение глагола to be

Утвердительная форма глаголов is, am, are

полная форма

I am He is We are

She is You are

It is They are

краткая форма

I'm He's We're

She's You're

It's They're

Отрицательная форма глаголов is, am, are

полная форма

I am not He is not We are not

She is not You are not

It is not They are not

краткая форма

I'm not He isn't We aren't

She isn't You aren't

It isn't They aren't

Вопросительная форма глаголов is, am, are

Am I.........? Is he.......? Are we.......?

Is she.....? Are you......?

Is it........? Are they......?

Краткие ответы

Yes, I am. No, I'm not.

Yes, he is. No, he isn't.

Yes, she is. No, she isn't.

Yes, it is. No, it isn't.

Yes, we are. No, we aren't.

Yes, you are No, you aren't.

Yes, they are. No, they aren't.

Спряжение глагола to have

Утвердительные предложения

полная форма

I have got He has got

You have got She has got

They have got It has got

We have got

краткая форма

I've got He's got

You've got She's got

They've got It's got

We've got

Отрицательные предложения

полная форма краткая форма полная форма краткая форма

I have not got haven't got He has not got hasn't got

You have not got She has not got

They have not got It has not got

We have not got

Вопросительные предложения

Have I got........? Has he got.....?

Have you got.....? Has she got....?

Have they got.....? Has it got.....?

Have we got.......?

Краткие ответы

Yes, I have. Yes, he has.

Yes, you have. Yes, she has.

Yes, they have.

Yes, we have. Yes, it has.

No, I have not. No, he has not.

No, you have not. No, she has not.

No, they have not. No, it has not.

No, we have not.

Глагол can

I

you

he

she

it

we

they

Утвердительная форма

Отрицательная форма

полная

краткая

can swim

cannot swim

can't swim

Глагол

Present Indefinite

Простое настоящее время

Частые спутники: every year (month, week, day), usually, always, never, sometimes, often

Утвердительная форма

Вопросительная форма

Отрицательная форма

I read.

He reads.

She reads.

It reads.

You read.

We read.

They read.

Do I read?

Does he read?

Does she read?

Does it read?

Do you read?

Do we read?

Do they read?

I do not read.

He does not read.

She does not read.

It does not read.

You do not read.

We do not read.

They do not read.

Past Indefinite

Простое прошедшее время

Частые спутники: yesterday, last week, last month, last year, last Monday...

Правильные глаголы

Образуют прошедшее время путем добавления окончания - ed или -d

Особенности правописания правильных глаголов:

• удваивается конечная согласная в односложных и двусложных глаголах с краткой гласной:

hop – hopped

• в глаголах, оканчивающихся на «y» с предшествующей согласной, «y» меняется на «i» и добавляется окончание -ed:

cry – cried

но: play – played

Утвердительная форма

Вопросительная форма

Отрицательная форма

I worked.

He worked.

She worked.

It worked.

We worked.

They worked.

You worked.

Did I work?

Did he work?

Did she work?

Did it work?

Did we work?

Did they work?

Did you work?

I did not work.

He did not work.

She did not work.

It did not work.

We did not work.

They did not work.

You did not work.

Future Indefinite

Простое будущее время

Частые спутники: tomorrow, next week, next month, next year...

Образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола will

Утвердительная форма

Вопросительная форма

Отрицательная форма

I will play.

He will play.

She will play.

It will play.

We will play.

You will play.

They will play.

Will I play?

Will he play?

Will she play?

Will it play?

Will we play?

Will you play?

Will they play?

I will not play.

He will not play.

She will not play.

It will not play.

We will not play.

You will not play.

They will not play.