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  The War of the Roses
  

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  WARS OF THE ROSES, a name given to a series of civil wars in England during the reigns of Henry VI and Richard III. They were marked by a ferocity and brutality which are practically unknown in the history of English wars before and since.
  

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  King Richard III
  Henry Tudor
  

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  The House of York used a white rose.
  The House of Lancaster used a red rose.
  The Symbols
  

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  The War of the Roses began in 1455, when many barons resented the way that the Lancaster family had seized the throne in 1399 and felt that Henry V, IV or VI were not the rightful kings. (Henry IV, the first Lancastrian King, came to the English throne by force. He made his cousin Richard ll, abdicate, and then seized the crown himself.) According to the barons, the York family, cousins of the Lancasters, were truly entitled to reign.
  

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  The first fighting broke out on 22 May 1455, near St. Albans.
  

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  The first campaign began with an armed demand of the Yorkist lords for the dismissal of the Lancastrian element in the King's Council, Henry VI himself being incapable of governing. The Lancastrians and the king marched out of London to meet them, and the two small armies (3000 Yorkists, 2000 Lancastrians) met at St Albans.
  

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  The fight ended with the dispersion of the weaker force, and the king fell into the hands of the Yorkists. Four years passed before the next important battle, Blore Heath, was fought in Sept 23, 1459. The Lancastrian army was destroyed; but new political combinations rendered the Yorkist victory useless and sent the leaders of the party into exile.
  

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  During the whole Wars there were a great number of bloody and fierce fights, which every time ended by victories of different sides.
  

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  Map of the War of the Roses
  

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  May 22, 1455 First Battle of St Albans
  
  Sep 23, 1459 Battle of Blore Heath
  
  Oct 12, 1459 Rout at Ludford Bridge
  
  Jul 10, 1460 Battle of Northampton
  
  Dec 30, 1460 Battle of Wakefield
  
  Feb  2, 1461 Battle of Mortimer's Cross
  
  Feb 22, 1461 Second Battle of St Albans
  
  Mar 28, 1461 Skirmish at Ferrybridge
  
  Mar 29, 1461 Battle of Towton
  The Buttles and the winners:
  

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  The Buttles and the winners:
  
  Apr 25, 1464 Battle of Hedgeley Moor
  
  May 15, 1464 Battle of Hexham
  
  Jul 26, 1469 Battle of Edgecote
  
  Mar 12, 1470 Battle of Loosecoat Field
  
  Apr 14, 1471 Battle of Barnet
  
  May  4, 1471 Battle of Tewkesbury
  
  Aug 22, 1485 Battle of Bosworth
  
  Jun 16, 1487 Battle of Stoke Field
  
  

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  The battle of Bosworth is one of the most important battles in English history. It ended the War of the Roses, and planted the Tudor house on the throne of England.
  

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  Henry Tudor, a Lancastrian, defeated King Richard III
  After the battle, Henry Tudor was crowned as King Henry VII, marking the beginning of the 118-year reign of the Tudor dynasty in England.
  

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  Henry Vll (representing the Lancaster family) married Elizabeth of York (representing the York family). This marriage united the two families. Henry created the Tudor rose, containing both the White Rose of York and the Red Rose of Lancaster. It symbolized the end of a struggle between York and Lancaster
  

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