A View of the Zoological Gardens in Regent’s Park, London, 1835
London Zoo —is the word’s oldest zoo. It was founded on the 27th of April апреля 1828 as the zoological collection for scientific researchers. since 1847 it is opened for public. It has one of the largest zoological collections in the UK. ( in 2006 it has 16 802 animals of 755 species). It is situated in the northen part of of Rigents Park on the Westminster and Camden border.
On it’s territory the first public serpentarium(1849), aquarium(1853),insects pavilion(1881) and zoo for children(1938) were opened. In 2001 elephants,rhinos and other big animals were replaced from London Zoo to Wipsnade zoo in Bedfordshere which belongs to the Zoological Society of London
The Zoological Society of London doesn’t get official financation, it get money from Fellows Friend and Members of the Zoological Society of London, selling tickets and from charity organizations.
«Круглый дом» (англ. Round House) для горилл, построенный в 1933 году по проекту архитектора Бертольда Лубеткина, стал одним из первых модернистских зданий в Великобритании. В 1934 году по проекту Лубеткина был построен бассейн для пингвинов.
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Лондонский зоопарк (London Zoo) Я здесь был |
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Лондонский зоопарк — один из крупнейших зоопарков в мире. Он располагается в районе Вэст-Энд, в северной части Риджент-парка. Административно подчиняется работающему с 1826 году Зоологическому обществу Лондона. Зоопарк был основан в апреле 1828 году, и стал первым зоопарком, созданным исключительно для научной работы. Широкой публике двери этого учреждения открылись только в 1847 году. Посетители Лондонского зоопарка первыми в мире смогли увидеть павильон с рептилиями (серпентарий) (1849 г.), океанариум (1853 г.), павильон с насекомыми (1881 г.) и первый детский зоопарк (1938 г.). Некоторые павильоны Лондонского Зоо являются памятниками архитектуры, к примеру, Часовая башня (Clock Tower, 1828 г.), первоначально построенная как павильон для лам архитектором Бертоном, или Дом жирафов (Giraffe House, 1837 г.) работы того же архитектора. В Лондонском зоопарке жила единственная квагга — истребленное парнокопытное, подвид зебры, которую удалось сфотографировать, а также единственный сумчатый тасманийский волк, еще одно вымершее млекопитающее, о жизни которого в зоопарке даже успели снять кинофильм. Кроме того, первого бегемота Европа увидела именно в Лондонском зоопарке. А когда в 1880 году в зоопарке появился слон Джамбо, его имя стало нарицательным в английском языке для обозначения очень больших предметов. В 2001 году слоны, носороги и другие крупные животные были переведены из Лондонского зоопарка в зоопарк Уипснейд в Бедфордшире, также управляемый Зоологическим обществом Лондона. По состоянию на 2006 год в Лондонском Зоо проживает 16 802 особи животных 755 видов. |
ZSL architecture
When London Zoo opened in 1827, Decimus Burton was called on to lay out the grounds and house the animals. Many other leading architects have since contributed to the built environment of the Zoo, creating a collection of buildings that includes two Grade I and eight Grade II listed structures.
In 1826, Stamford Raffles along with Humphrey Davy founded the
Zoological Society of London.
ZSL received a Royal Charter from King George IV in 1828, the same year that Decimus Burton (1880-1881) was asked to lay out the grounds and housing for the animals in London Zoo – the first scientific study of animals in the world.
Decimus, whose name derives from the fact that he was the tenth of ten children, was an extraordinarily gifted architect and many of the original constructs in the Zoo that still exist are of Burton’s design.
He was the Zoo’s official architect from 1826 to 1841 and had designed for his father the first house to be allowed in Regent’s Park called The Holme, at the tender age of eighteen. He went on to design South Villa, Grove House, St Dunstan’s Lodge and St John’s Lodge in the Park all within a few years.
Of all the distinguished architects connected to the zoo, Burton was and remains the name as redolent of the look and structure of the zoological gardens as we know them today.
Charles Darwin (1809 – 1882) became a Fellow of ZSL in 1831 and it was through his studies on the Beagle that Darwin transformed our understanding of the relationship between humans and animals and although at first it seems to have nothing to do with architecture, his work had everything to do with the environment and manner in which ZSL treats its animals in the 21st Century and beyond.
Clock Tower 1828
By Decimus Burton, 1800-1881. Listed Grade II
The earliest extant building in the Zoo, the Clock Tower was designed by Burton
in 1828, the same year that ZSL received its Royal Charter from George IV. In
the minutes of ZSL of the 18th March 1829, ‘ It was ordered that a clock be
prepared for the Gardens to be placed on top of the Llama’s hut and that
Decimus Burton be requested to prepare a drawing of the intended addition to
the building for its reception. The expense of the clock and building is not to
exceed the sum of £100, including the putting up the same in the turret.
The clock was added in 1831 and it was rebuilt in 1844 as a Gothic house for Llamas, it is now considered far too small for animals of any description and was reconstructed in 1898 by the architects Charles Brown Trollope.
It suffered, like other parts of the Zoo from bomb damage in 1940. Rebuilt in 1946-7 by the architects Burnet, Tait & Lorne, it was converted into shops in 1988 and now serves as a First Aid post. In the eaves are the nests of the Zoo’s resident colony of house sparrows.
The Raven’s Cage 1829
By Decimus Burton, listed Grade II
Originally designed to house a pair of king vultures and later for macaws and ravens. It is now home to the indigenous wild birds of the Zoo. Renovated in 1927, bomb damage led to it being reconstructed in 1948. It was moved in 1971 to its present site on the Fellows Lawn. It remains one of the icons of the Zoo.
East Tunnel 1829-30
By Decimus Burton, listed Grade II
This beautiful construction linked the North and South parts of the Zoo together for the first time. During World War II, it served as a bomb shelter.
Three Island Pond 1832
By Decimus Burton
This irregularly shaped artificial pond was laid out by Decimus
Burton and was extended in 1852. This is possibly the only landscape to remain
from the early layout of the Gardens. The south side is incorporated into the
New Lion Terraces.
The islands are planted with large willows, and they are populated by pelicans,
flamingos, cormorants, and also wild herons which regularly fly in for a meal!
The pond was altered in 1961 and again in 1976.
Parish boundary markers 1821 and 1854
These posts, some of which pre-date the Zoo, mark the edges of the parishes of St Marylebone and St Pancras.
Giraffe House 1836 -7
By Decimus Burton, listed Grade II
This building is utterly functional and still serves its purpose
– the housing of giraffes. The doors are 16’ (5m) in height and 21’ (6.5m) at
the eaves. Giraffes can be as tall as four-and-half metres so the scale of the
building’s proportions is a direct response to the height of its residents.
There are many fine examples of architecture in the Zoo, but few have remained
for their original inhabitants.
In 1835, the Society arranged the capture of one female and three males and
giraffes have occupied Burton’s house ever since.
Wings were added in 1849-50. There was bomb damage in 1940 and Franz
Stengelhoffen and Colin Wears rebuilt it in 1960-3.
Parrot House 1864
By Anthony Salvin Jr. He was the Zoo’s architect from 1859-1878
Originally the Zoo’s Refreshment Rooms and Fellows Dining Room. It was remodelled for parrots in 1930.
Mappin Terraces 1913-4
by Sir Peter Chalmers Mitchell and John James Joass, listed Grade II
This extraordinary imitation of a mountain landscape was
designed to provide a naturalistic habitat for bears and other animals. Sir
Peter Chalmers Mitchell, whose inspiration it was, was the Secretary of the
Zoological Society of London from 1903-35. The construction of the terraces
showed what could be done with reinforced concrete, which was then a
comparatively new material. The cavernous interior, like that of a real
mountain, holds reservoirs of water which is filtered and circulted into the
Aquarium below. The Mappin Terraces currently house wallabies and emus.
War memorial 1919
by John James Joass
The design is based on a medieval Lanterne des Morts, a memorial to the dead at La Souterraine in the Creuse Valley, France.
Reptile House 1926-7
by Joan Beauchamp Proctor and Sir Edward Guy Dawber
Reptiles and other animals carved by George Alexander climb over the door frame.
K3-type telephone kiosk 1928-9
By Giles Gilbert-Scott, listed Grade II
Gilbert-Scott, the architect of Battersea Power Station designed the K2 telephone box in 1924 for a competition, but his second design, the K3 was made from reinforced concrete at half the price of the cast-iron K2.
Round House 1932-3
by Tecton, listed Grade I
One of the first buildings to be built in the Modernist style in Britain. Modernists believed that the best buildings reflected their function in a clearly expressed way, and this style dominated British architecture from the 1950s to the 1980s. The Round House is circular so that a half-drum shaped screen could be slid from within one half of it to enclose the other in cold weather, as a protection for the gorillas it was built to house. Like the Giraffe House one hundred years before, its simple shape is a direct response to its function, but now there are only minimal references to Classical architecture.
Penguin Pool 1934
by Tecton, listed Grade I (left)
The Penguin Pool is perhaps the most famous building in the Zoo.
Like the Round House, it was designed by the influential Tecton architectural
firm, led by Russian emigre Berthold Lubetkin. Tecton's brand of Modernist
style was unusually elegant and playful and is a reminder of how innovative the
style must have looked when it first appeared.
North Gate Kiosk 1936
by Tecton, listed Grade II
Has an unusual curved concrete canopy.
Snowdon Aviary 1962-4
by Tony Armstrong-Jones (Lord Snowdon), Cedric Price and Frank Newby
The aviary looks almost weightless - like a bird. Its frame was pioneering in that it made use of aluminium, and in that it was an example of a kind of engineering that uses tension to support its structure. A giant net 'skin' is wrapped around a skeleton of poles - paired diagonal 'sheer legs' at either end, each lined to a three-sided pyramid or 'tetrahedron' - which is held in position only by cables.
Casson Pavilion 1962-5
by Sir Hugh Casson, Neville Conder and Partners
As heavy and solid as an elephant - the perfect contrast to the Snowdon Aviary,
which was being built at the same time. The concrete ribs covering the outside
imitated an elephant's hide, and they also prevented the animals from damaging
the building. Tall green lanterns gave the impression from above of elephants
gathering around a water-hole. All elephants and rhinos are now live in
spacious accomodation at ZSL Whipsnade Zoo.
Sir Hugh Casson, the President of the Royal Academy who was the architect for the Festival of Britain, received the 1965 RIBA award for the best building in London of that year for the elephant house. It has also been sneeringly noted as ‘being ideal for the arboreal elephant’.
Architecturally, the interest in the building lies in its use of concrete, which is now a widely used material in the construction of modern houses.
New Lion Terraces 1972-6
By John Toovey , Colin Wears and Roger Balkwill. Landscape artist was Margaret Maxwell and the building contractors were John Jarvis & Sons.
A stone inscribed ‘The Lions House’ was taken from the previous Lion House in 1875. The plural ‘S’ was added in the 1970s.
Lion's Mask 1875-7
On the New Lion Terraces (1972-6), taken from the previous Lion House.
Bear Cub (Winnie Memorial) 1981
by Lorne McKean
Winnie-the-Pooh was named after Winnie, an American black bear from Winnipeg who lived on the Mappin Terraces from 1914 to 1934.
Guy the Gorilla 1982
by William Timym
Guy was a famous resident of the Zoo from 1947 to 1978.
Globe Sundial 1989
by Wendy Taylor
The fin casting the least shadow indicates the time.
The Amphitheatre 1982-5
By John Toovey.
This covered amphitheatre is currently used for the Animals in Action displays.
African Aviary 1989-90
by the John S Bonnington Partnership, with Whitby and Bird, engineers
The African Aviary uses very fine wires fixed under tension made from a specialist stainless steel alloy.
B.U.G.S 1999
By Wharmby Kozdon Associates.
The creation of this building came about from a request from
keepers of the Invertebrate Department and was ready for the Millenium. The
Royal Fine Art Commission ‘commended the Zoological Society on continuing its
tradition of producing innovative buildings’.
The Chair of the Royal Commission on The Historical Monuments of England wrote in his Introduction to the Commission’s work on the Zoo:
“ Taken as a whole the buildings of the Zoo can tell us as much about the history of animal display over a period spanning nearly 170 years, as well as informing the broader concerns of architectural history “.
Gorilla Kingdom 2007
Architects: Proctor & Matthews
This lightweight structure and landscaped exhibit was completed in 2007 on the site of the previous Sobell Pavillions ape and primate houses.
The design made use of existing holding facilities to reduce the amount of
demolition and new construction work required. It uses a translucent roof in
the gorilla indoor area to reduce the need for artificial lighting and to
create a more naturally lit space. The covered walkway structure is made from
sustainably sourced ply-wood and hardwood used is from reclaimed Indian railway
sleepers. Structural bamboo was selected to support the structure for its
strength, aesthetics and low embodied-carbon properties.
Text by Jack Amos, a ZSL Library Volunteer who sadly died in 2010.
About ZSL
The Zoological Society of London (ZSL) is a charity devoted to the worldwide conservation of animals and their habitats.
ZSL Vision
A world where animals are valued, and their conservation assured.
ZSL Mission
To promote and achieve the worldwide conservation of animals and their habitats
Find out more about ZSL:
ZSL is registered as a charity in England and Wales: no.208728.
ZSL strategic aims
Strategic aim 1
To undertake and promote relevant high quality zoological and conservation research, to help us achieve our conservation objectives and to inform and influence conservation policy.
Strategic aim 2
To encourage and motivate all our stakeholders to support and engage in conservation.
Strategic aim 3
To implement and achieve effective and appropriate ‘in situ’ and ‘ex situ’ conservation programmes for priority species and habitats.
Strategic aim 4
To further ZSL’s mission by maximising opportunities to generate funds.
You can read our strategic aims in full here
ZSL history
Since Sir Stamford Raffles founded ZSL in 1826, there have been a number of achievements in our conservation work in the wild as well as at ZSL London Zoo and ZSL Whipsnade Zoo. Read more about ZSL's history .
Famous animals
Over the years ZSL has been home to many famous animals, including Guy the gorilla, Goldie the golden eagle and Winnie, who became one of the most famous bears in the world. Find out more about ZSL's Famous animals
ZSL architecture
When London Zoo opened in 1827, Decimus Burton was called on to lay out the grounds and house the animals. Many other leading architects have since contributed to the built environment of the Zoo, creating a collection of buildings that includes two Grade I and eight Grade II listed structures. Read more about the ZSL's amazing architecture.
Useful Links
All the organisations listed below complement the work of ZSL.
BIAZA
ZSL
is a member of BIAZA (British and Irish Association of Zoos and Aquariums), the
professional organisation representing the zoo and aquarium community.
BIAZA is a conservation, education and scientific wildlife charity founded in 1966 out of a mutual desire within the zoo and aquarium community to see sound principles and practices of animal management widely adopted in the British Isles and Ireland. Find out more about: BIAZA
ZSL - A Year in Review 2010
A copy of our latest annual review can viewed online here:
View online: ZSL - The Year in Review 2010
Download: 
ZSL - The Year in Review 2010 (6.4 MB)
Our previous annual reviews including the Institute of Zoology (IoZ) review can be found here: ZSL Annual Reports
ZSL Trustees Report and Financial Statements
ZSL Trustees Report and Financial Statements -
2010 (347 KB)
Highlights of 2010
See some of ZSL's amazing achievements in 2010.
ZSL Conservation Review
The ZSL Conservation Review highlights ZSL’s major conservation
achievements in 2009 and 2010.
Read ZSL's Conservation Review 2009/2010
Download a PDF of Conservation Review (7.4 MB)
Animal inventory
For a full inventory of animals held at ZSL London and Whipsnade Zoos please visit our animal inventory page .
Guiding principles
Respecting and valuing animals and the natural world
Our belief is that a diverse and healthy natural world is valuable in its own
right and is essential for ensuring secure and healthy lives for people. This
motivates ZSL’s vision and mission, and our other core values follow from this.
Inspiring conservation action
We seek to motivate others to take conservation action in their daily lives.
Achieving excellence in our field
Building on our heritage and reputation as a learned society, we aim to be an authoritative source of information and good practice for the scientific study, conservation and husbandry of animals; and to make efficient and effective use of available resources to achieve the highest possible standards in everything we do in the operation of a successful and innovative conservation organisation.
Acting ethically, responsibly and sustainably
We aim to operate in fair and justifiable ways that do not conflict with our mission/objectives, and which respect the environment.
Valuing everyone we work with
We support and value teamwork and collaboration, strive for fair and equitable treatment of everyone with whom we work and come into contact with, and aim to act with respect and courtesy in all our dealings.
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