КОНСПЕКТ
УРОКА ПО ТЕМЕ «ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT»
Ход
урока
I.
Introduction
(Организационный момент и сообщение цели урока)
T.: Good morning,
boys and girls!
C.: Good morning,
our teacher!
T.: Sit down,
please.
Звучит песня “The Earth Song”
(M.Jackson)
T.:
The Earth is a garden.
It`s a beautiful place
For all living creatures,
For all human race.
Helping mother Earth
We
can peacefully roam
We all deserve a place
We can call our home.
- This lesson is the last one on the
topic “Ecology and Environment”. At this lesson we’ll revise everything we have
learnt about environment. You have to name and discuss ecological problems and
work out the solutions which help us to preserve the planet from ecological
disaster.
II.
Warming-up (Речевая
разминка)
T.:
First, I want you to give definitions to the words written on our blackboard. Now let’s look at this diagram. (На доске нарисована схема с опорными словами: environment,
ecology, acid rains, conservation, habitat, rainforests, the ozone layer).
T.: Environment
P1: All the
surroundings of an organism including other living things, climate, air, water,
soil.
T.: Ecology
P2: Study of
organisms and environment.
T.: Acid rains
P3: Rain or snow
formed by releasing into the air of harmful gases from cars and power plants.
T.: Conservation
P4: The wise use
of the environment.
T.: Habitat
P5: An area that
provides animals and plants with food, water, shelter.
T.: Rainforests
P6: Evergreen
woodlands that receive at least 100 inches of rain a year, home to more than
half of world`s plants and animals.
T.: The ozone
layer
P7: It’s the
layer of the Earth which protects our planet from the sun's destructive
ultraviolet rays.
III.
Improving spelling skills
(Совершенствование орфографических навыков)
T.:
Now, let’s remember the correct writing of some words from our topic. Look at
the blackboard, please. Will you complete the words with the missing letters?
Practice aloud. Try to pronounce correctly. Translate the words.
The second task
will be to match up the adjectives in column A with the nouns in column B to
form meaningful phrases.
Запись
на доске:
A
|
B
|
1.
n_clear
2.
glob_l
3.
_cid
4.
env_ronment_l
5.
d_str_ctive
6.
cl_an
7.
_armf_l
|
a.
r_ins
b.
pr_tect_on
c.
w_ste
d.
_ffect
e.
s_bst_nces
f.
_nv_ronment
g.
w_rmin_
|
8.
gre_nho_se
|
h.
_ays
|
9. n_tur_l
10.
e_olog_cal
|
i.
d_sast_r
j.
r_so_rses
|
IV.
Speaking
(Monological Speech) (Контроль домашнего задания)
T.:
Our planet is on the verge of a Global Ecological
Catastrophe, so we have to highlight the most dangerous tendencies that
have deadly consequences for us. It’s time to check up your homework.
Let’s listen to your reports about ecological problems that are matters of
people’s great concern nowadays.
(Студенты
выступают с подготовленными заранее сообщениями и рисунками к ним; отвечают на
вопросы одногруппников. Ниже приводятся примерные сообщения студентов по
вопросам темы)
T.: What do you know about air pollution?
P.1:
Worldwide the problem of air pollution is growing. More factories, cars, buses
add their bad breath to the air. Ultraviolet radiation from the sun can cause
skin cancer because of the holes in the ozone layer. Many scientists think that
these holes are the result of air pollution. Nuclear power stations can go
wrong and cause nuclear pollution. …
P.2: Chemicals puff out coal-burning
factories around the world. When the chemicals mix with clouds, acid rains fall
and harm lakes, rivers, plants and animals. Also, the wind blows the air
around. So, sulfates from one place can fall as acid rain many miles away. Our
clothes become dirty, trees, plants die. Acid rains fall in Omsk region not
very seldom. And we can see yellow parks, grass in the middle of summer. …
T.:
You know that we can't live without clean water. What will you say about water
pollution?
P.3: Rivers, lakes, sees and oceans
are polluted. It is not a secret that often companies don’t know what to do
with waste materials of industry, so they pour them into water. They pollute
the water we drink, and the land we live in. Every person throw away too much
litter and in wrong place. We leave litter near the river. The water is
polluted and the fish die. …
T.:
Another urgent ecological problem is the extinction of plant and animal life.
P.4:
Every year man cuts down more trees, builds more
roads, and uses more land for farming. This leaves fewer jungles, fields and
forests for wildlife. There are forest fires. People pick wild flowers. Man hunts and kills millions of animals every year. …
T.:
Tell us some words about the global warming and the greenhouse effect.
P.5:
The greenhouse effect and global warming both correspond with each other. The
green house effect is recalled as incoming solar radiation that passes through
the Earth's atmosphere but prevents much of the outgoing infrared radiation
from escaping into outer space. It causes the overheat of the air and as a
result, we have the global warming effect. If the present arctic ice melting
continues, the sea could rise as much as 2 meters by the middle of the next
century. Large areas of coastal land would disappear. …
T.:
Well, we have spoken a lot about ecological problems of our environment. Thank
you.
V.
Grammar Practice (Modal Verbs)
(Тренировка грамматических навыков)
T.:
So, we have determined and discussed the environmental problems. Nowadays Man
is beginning to understand that his environment is not just his own town or
country, but the whole earth. That’s why people all over the world think and
speak so much about ecology. Name some of the ways to solve ecological problems
using our grammar material – modal verbs. You have 5 minutes to discuss and
fill in the blanks in these cards.
Now
I’d like you to check up the task. One person of each group will read the
sentences you’ve made up with one of the modal verbs. Let’s listen to …
(Работа в группах по
3-4 человека, выдаются карточка №1 c полями для
заполнения и карточка №2 со словосочетаниями по теме)
Card 1
We must
|
We must not
|
We needn’t
|
We can
|
We should
|
|
|
|
|
|
Keys:
We should:
- remove the
harmful industrial enterprises over the city limits;
- fight all kinds
of pollution;
- introduce and
install pollution control systems;
-
use bicycles instead of cars.
We can:
- open
more national parks;
- build fewer
new roads;
- encourage
industries to use cleaner methods of production;
- ban the freight
traffic in the historical centre of the city.
We must:
- treat
environmental protection as a matter of vital importance;
- expand and
create green zones;
- plant more new
forests;
- protect
animals in danger by law;
- control the use of pesticides and
fertilizers.
We
must not:
-
release oil into the sea;
- drop
litter in public places;
- kill
the animals and birds;
-
release tremendous energies.
We needn’t:
-
throw rubbish in the streets;
- use
aerosol sprays;
-
pollute air with gases.
VI.
Speaking (Dialogical Speech) (Совершенствование
навыков диалогической речи)
T.:
Let’s clear up and compare the ways to protect the environment in the USA and
in our country. You are to work in pairs to make up your own dialog and then
act it out. Use the following model.
The
Model
Two
scientists are discussing the measures of environmental protection in their
countries. One of the scientists is from Russia, the other one is from the USA.
- How is the
environmental protection problem solved today in the USA?
- In recent years
the pollution problems have received great publicity. The environmental
movement associated with no political party has gained widespread trust and
support. The media's begun to campaign against the ugliness of billboards, tin
cans and trash. What about your country?
- Our country
develops projects, including large-scale industrial development, large-scale
use of natural resources, city planning, creation of new technology and
materials, and modification of existing commercial facilities.
- The pollution of
Lake Erie, one of the Great Lakes, and the problem of acid rains that
threatened many forests, made the media start a campaign against industrial
pollution. All of the states have adopted their own laws; some banned throwaway
bottles, or use of phosphates in soaps, or industrial dumping of wastes.
- The strong public
reaction in our country facilitates the exercise of absolute pollution control
in various contamination industries in Russia. Plants install effective
purifying systems. Efforts are being made to reduce pollution from automobile
engines by developing pollution-free engines which may eventually eliminate the
more serious air pollution problems. What can you say about the global
warming’s investigations?
- We’re also
disturbed by the problem of global warming. Environmentalists pay much
attention to the research in this sphere. Many USA universities investigate
these problems.
- What
organizations attract public’s attention to the most important environmental
problems?
- Some of them,
for example, “Pals of the Planet”, publish the materials of how to save the
seas from pollution. Different environmentalists and environmental societies,
like Wilderness Society, try to improve the situation. The “Greenpeace”
organization is one of the leading environmental organizations in the USA and
in the world. Its numerous actions of protest against water and air pollution,
its program “Water for Life”, started in the USA, help our planet to survive.
And I’ve heard about your public movement "Travels for Peace and
Nature"?
- It’s true.
"Travels for Peace and Nature" is the name of another public movement
that appeared in Russia some years ago. It concentrates its efforts on theory
and practical work. The movement launches all kinds of environmental actions
and informs the public of the ways, means and results of this work.
- And I also know
that in 1987 a "Green Peace" public commission has been set up in
Russia?
- You are quite
right. Its main goal is to combine the people's efforts for peace with the
huge and ever mounting movement for nature conservation. Another area of its
work is to set up and strengthen co-operation among environmentalists from many
similar organizations abroad. And you know that Russia and the United States
are carrying out joint projects to study and protect the environmental systems
of the Arctic and Subarctic regions, and also to study some of the natural
processes in the permafrost zone.
T.: What
conclusion can you make after listening to the dialogs of these two scientists?
What can common people do to protect nature?
P.1: It is good
that at last people in the USA and Russia started to establish strict pollution
control.
P.2: Scientists
develop pollution-free engines which may eliminate serious air pollution
problems.
P.3: In many
countries purifying systems for treatment of industrial waters have been
installed.
P.4: Russia and
the USA cooperate with each other and carry out some joint projects to protect
the environment.
T.: Thank you.
VII.
The
conclusion of the lesson (Домашнее задание. Подведение
итогов урока)
T.: (Рефлексия) You have done a lot of activities. What did we do at the
lesson? What did we speak about? What did we revise?
So, in spite of
everything, we believe that the Earth is our common home. All its inhabitants –
people, animals and birds-need to live in peace and harmony.
I’m quite satisfied
with your work today. And give you only good & excellent marks. Thank you.
At home get ready for
the test on this lexical and grammar material. The lesson is over. Good-bye!
See you next time.
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