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Essay

I.                  Introduction

It is one of the most controversial/urgent/up-to-date/acute problems

There is no public opinion on the matter

There are many pros and cons

It has been with us for … years, but the debates haven’t subsided yet

В тексте дано задание. Обязательно перефразируй его. Обычно задание сформулировано вопросом или риторическим вопросом.

Способы, которыми можно перефразировать задание:

a)      Замена вопроса на противоположный без утери смысла

Do you think we should continue space exploration? - Do you think we should stop exploring space?

b)      Замена глагола should

Do we have to …?

Do we need to …?

c)      Замена структуры

Is it worth exploring space?

d)      Замена вопроса на конструкцию «Разве это…?» (риторический вопрос)

Can’t we do without…

Wouldn’t it be better if we stopped…?

Isn’t it waste of money, time, talent, effort to …?

e)      Апелляция к разуму  и чувствам читателя

Is it logical, rational …?

Is that just fair, humane, sensible, important…?

Is it really so important …?

II.               Твое аргументированное мнение (My opinion)

To my mind

In my opinion

From my point of view

As far as I can judge

As for me

There is no doubt

Undoubtedly

Приведи 2-3 аргумента в защиту своего мнения. Аргументы должны быть четкими и разнообразными. Рассортируй их по порядку или по значению

(1)

Firstly

To start with

To begin with

Initially

Secondly

Finally

Last

(2)

Mainly

First

Foremost

Last but not least

Или дай один аргумент +добавь:

Moreover

Furthermore

In addition

One more thing is

Another thing is

Besides

What’s more

III.           Аргументы против

Представь 2 контраргумента. Помни, ты представляешь противоположную точку зрения только для того, чтобы опровергнув ее, еще больше укрепить свою позицию.

Linking words:

But

However

Nevertheless

Some people claim/say/believe

My opponents try to prove

Some people claim … still other insist…

Though

Although

Whereas

Despite

In spite of

On the other hand

IV.            Опровержение аргументов оппонента

I strongly disagree

The first argument is groundless

It is based on insufficient (недостаточный) and biased (необъективный) evidence

The second argument is irrelevant (неуместный), illogical

The opponent makes logical mistakes trying to prove…

The opponent is rushing to conclusion

The statistics show

The facts are not sufficient to prove

The opponent is over simplifying the problem

The comparison is unfair, false

It’s not as simple as it first meets the eye

Linking words:

Evidently

Apparently

Instead of

It’s common knowledge

Quite the other way round

On the contrary

Vice versa

Unlike

Despite the facts

In spite of

Apart from

In contrast with

V.               Conclusion

All in all

To sum up

In conclusion

To conclude

All things considered

Let me briefly summarize

Advantages outweigh the disadvantages

I think I’ve managed to prove my point of view

Linking words:

Thus

As a result

Hence (поэтому, следовательно)