Презентация к уроку английского языка по теме "Passive"

• 1 слайд

  Учитель английского языка МАОУ СОШ №12 г. Артёмовский
  Шалыгина Татьяна Фёдоровна
  
  Passive Voice
  

• 2 слайд

  Залог - это форма глагола, которая показывает, является ли подлежащее предложения производителем или объектом действия, выраженного сказуемым.
  Действительный и страдательный залоги в английском языке совпадают со значением соответствующих залогов в русском языке. Глагол в действительном залоге (Active Voice) показывает, что действие совершает лицо или предмет, выраженный подлежащим.
  He often asks questions. Он часто задаёт вопросы.
  Категория залога
  

• 3 слайд

  Глагол в страдательном залоге (Passive Voice) означает, что действие направлено на предмет или лицо, выраженное подлежащим.
  He is often asked questions. Ему часто задают вопросы.
  
  Passive
  

• 4 слайд

  1. Когда в центре внимания находится лицо или предмет, которые подвергаются действию, а не лицо или предмет, которые совершают действие.
  
  2. Когда лицо, совершающее действие, несущественно, неизвестно или не упоминается по каким-либо причинам.
  
  Сравните:
  Алекс выполнил работу (активный залог).
  Работа выполнялась (пассивный залог).
  Работу выполнили (пассивный залог).
  Работа выполнена (пассивный залог).
  
  
  Cлучаи употребления
  

• 5 слайд

  Сказуемое в страдательном залоге может переводиться на русский язык: а) кратким страдательным причастием; б) глаголом на -ся; в) неопределённо-личным глаголом.
  The house is built. а) Дом построен. б) Дом строится. в) Дом строят.
  Passive
  

• 6 слайд

  The professor teaches the students.
  
  
  SUBJECT VERB OBJECT
  
  2. Students are taught by the Professor.
  
  SUBJECT PASSIVE VERB Object
  Examples
  

• 7 слайд

  PAY ATTENTION
  The hunter killed the duck.
  
  The duck was killed by the hunter.
  
  
  
  THE SUBJECT AND THE OBJECT REPLACED EACH OTHER
  
  

• 8 слайд

  THE GENERAL FORMULA
  to BE + V 3
  Present Simple: to be = am / is / are
  I am always asked to look after his dog.
  Past Simple: to be = was / were
  I was asked to look after his dog yesterday.
  Future Simple: to be = shall / will be
  I shall be asked at the next lesson.
  
  

• 9 слайд

  Translate the sentences:
  
  1. This CD is sold everywhere.
  2. French is spoken in France.
  3. Newspapers are bought on Monday.
  4. Many countries are visited every year.
  5. Letters are brought by postmen.
  6. Rice is not grown in England.
  
  
  Name the Passive
  

• 10 слайд

  Чтобы показать, кем/чем совершается действие, используются предлоги:
  By
  
  Перед одушевленным предметом, а также после глаголов типа: damage, make, discover, write, etc.
  
  This building was designed by Rossi.
  He was brought up by his aunt.
  The window was broken by this stone.
  The theatre was destroyed by fire.
  With
  
  Указывается, какой предмет, орудие, инструмент использован для совершения действия.
  
  He was killed with a knife.
  Rice is eaten with chopsticks in China.
  The bag was cut with a razor.
  The stone is very soft. It can be cut with a knife.
  

• 11 слайд

  Passive Voice
  
  Russian is not spoken in England.
  Computer games are not played here.
  I am not asked at the lesson.
  
  
  
  Is French spoken in France?
  Are sweets bought here?
  Where are magazines bought ?
  
  
  ?
  

• 12 слайд

  to BE + V 3
  
  Present Progressive: am / is / are being V3
  I am being asked now.
  Past Progressive: was / were being V3
  I was being asked at 3 p.m. yesterday.
  Future Progressive: shall / will be V3
  I will be asked when you come tomorrow.
  
  

• 13 слайд

  Translate the sentences:
  The house was being built when I came.
  Don’t enter the room. Students are being examined there.
  This work will be done at noon tomorrow.
  Look! Football is being played.
  They were being asked at this time yesterday.
  
  Name the Passive
  

• 14 слайд

  to BE + V 3
  
  Present Perfect: have/has been + V3
  I have already been asked.
  Past Perfect: had been + V3
  I had been asked before you came.
  Future Perfect: shall/will have been + V3
  I will have already been asked by 3p.m. tomorrow.
  
  
  
  

• 15 слайд

  Translate the sentences:
  have / has + V3
  All the newspapers have been sold.
  The letters had been typed by the time the manager came.
  The classroom will have been aired and cleaned before the lesson starts.
  The problem has been studied for 3 years, but they haven’t got any results.
  

• 16 слайд

  Одной активной конструкции в английском языке могут соответствовать две пассивные конструкции, т.е. прямое и косвенное дополнение активного залога могут стать подлежащими пассивного залога со следующими глаголами: to give, to send, to tell, to pay, to promise, to offer, to leave, to show etc.
  
  The teacher gave him a book. – Учитель дал ему книгу.
  The book was given to him. He was given the book.
  
  Если подлежащее пассивного залога выражено личным местоимением, то оно (местоимение) ставится в именительный падеж.
  
  Особенности употребления пассивного залога
  

• 17 слайд

  Образуйте две пассивные конструкции
  They offered lunch to the tourists.
  Linda will show her friends a new album.
  She’s sent her mother a box of fruit.
  They had promised her a new flat by December.
  The postman brings us newspapers in the evening.
  
  
  

• 18 слайд

  В пассивной конструкции с предложным дополнением предлог сохраняет своё место после глагола. Перевод следует начинать с предлога.
  They sent for the doctor. – Они послали за доктором.
  The doctor was sent for. – За доктором послали.
  This book is often referred to. – На эту книгу часто ссылаются.
  Особенности употребления пассивного залога
  

• 19 слайд

  Наиболее употребительные глаголы с предлогами:
  
  to depend on
  to insist on
  to rely on
  to laugh at
  to listen to
  to refer to
  to speak to
  to object to
  
  
  
  to send for
  to wait for
  to look for
  to ask for
  to speak of (about)
  to think of
  to remind of
  to look after
  
  
  

• 20 слайд

  Change into Passive
  They sent for Lena.
  They often look at this picture.
  Bill’s friends always listen to him with great interest.
  The Browns have never lived in this house.
  Nancy is looking after my dog now.
  
  

• 21 слайд

  Check Yourself
  Lena was sent for.
  This picture is often looked at.
  He is always listened to with great interest.
  This house has never been lived in (by the Browns).
  My dog is being looked after by Nancy now.
  
  

• 22 слайд

  THANKS