Презентация по английскому языку на тему "British writers. William Shakespeare"

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  William Shakespeare
  

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  "He was a man not of the era, but of all time".
  Ben Johnson
  

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  Born Baptised 26 April 1564 (birth date unknown)
  Stratford-upon-Avon,Warwickshire, West Midlands,England
  Died23 April 1616 (aged 52)
  Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, England
  Occupation Playwright, poet, actor
  PeriodEnglish Renaissance,Elizabethan Era
  SpouseAnne Hathaway (m. 1582–1616)
  Children
  Susanna Hall
  Hamnet Shakespeare
  Judith Quiney
  William Shakespeare’s biography
  The Chandos portrait, artist and authenticity unconfirmed. Courtesy of National Portrait Gallery, London.
  

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  Shakespeare's birthplace
  John Shakespeare's house, believed to be Shakespeare's birthplace, in Stratford-upon-Avon.
  

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  “All the world's a stage,
  and all the men and women merely players:
  they have their exits and their entrances;
  and one man in his time plays many parts ..."—As You Like It, Act II, Scene 7.
  The world's greatest playwright
  William Shakespeare is often called the world's greatest playwright. He wrote comedies, tragedies and historical plays in England in the last part of the 16th and the early 17th century.
  

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  The most famous theatre—the Globe
  The Globe was a huge amphitheatre without a roof. The seats were curved around a stage that was built on many levels.
  Plays always started at 2 o'clock in the afternoon. People who didn't have the money to buy a seat were allowed to stand in the front of the stage. All kinds of people came to see the shows– housewives, children, noblemen and even visitors from other countries. The company also presented special plays for kings and queens.
  Shakespeare and his fellow actors were responsible for everything in the Globe theatre
  

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  Death
  “Good friend for Jesus sake forbear,
  To dig the dust enclosed here.
  Blest be the man that spares these stones,
  And curst be he that moves my bones.”
  Tradition has it that William Shakespeare died on his birthday, April 23, 1616, though many scholars believe this is a myth. Church records show he was interred at Trinity Church on April 25, 1616.
  

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  Early Works: Histories and Comedies
  With the exception of Romeo and Juliet, William Shakespeare's first plays were mostly histories written in the early 1590s. Richard II, Henry VI (parts 1, 2 and 3) and Henry V dramatize the destructive results of weak or corrupt rulers, and have been interpreted by drama historians as Shakespeare's way of justifying the origins of the Tudor Dynasty.
  
  Early Works: Histories
  
  

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  Shakespeare also wrote several comedies during his early period: the witty romance A Midsummer Night's Dream, the romantic Merchant of Venice, the wit and wordplay of Much Ado About Nothing, the charming As You Like Itand Twelfth Night. Other plays, possibly written before 1600, include Titus Andronicus, The Comedy of Errors, The Taming of the Shrew and The Two Gentlemen of Verona.
  
  Early Works: Comedies
  
  

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  Later Works: Tragedies and Tragicomedies
  It was in William Shakespeare's later period, after 1600, that he wrote the tragedies Hamlet, King Lear, Othello and Macbeth. In these, Shakespeare's characters present vivid impressions of human temperament that are timeless and universal. Possibly the best known of these plays is Hamlet, which explores betrayal, retribution, incest and moral failure. These moral failures often drive the twists and turns of Shakespeare's plots, destroying the hero and those he loves.
  In William Shakespeare's final period, he wrote several tragicomedies. Among these are Cymbeline, The Winter's Tale and The Tempest. Though graver in tone than the comedies, they are not the dark tragedies of King Lear or Macbeth because they end with reconciliation and forgiveness.
  
  Later Works: Tragedies and Tragicomedies
  

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  To be or not to be? That is the question –
  Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer
  The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,
  Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,
  And, by opposing, end them? To die, to sleep –
  No more – and by a sleep to say we end
  The heartache and the thousand natural shocks
  That flesh is heir to – 'tis a consummation
  Devoutly to be wished! To die, to sleep.
  To sleep, perchance to dream – ay, there's the rub,
  For in that sleep of death what dreams may come
  When we have shuffled off this mortal coil,
  Must give us pause. There's the respect
  That makes calamity of so long life.
  The question is: is it better to be alive or dead?
  
  Hamlet's monologue
  Hamlet's soliloquy is very famous: "To be, or not to be; that is the question..."
  

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  Быть или не быть, 
  Вот в чем вопрос! 
  Что благороднее: сносить ли гром и стрелы 
  Враждующей судьбы или восстать 
  На море бед и кончить их борьбою? 
  Окончить жизнь – уснуть, 
  Не более! И знать, что этот сон 
  Окончит грусть и тысячи ударов, –
  Удел живых. Такой конец достоин 
  Желаний жарких. Умереть? Уснуть? 
  Но если сон виденья посетят? 
  Что за мечты на мертвый сон слетят, 
  Когда стряхнем мы суету земную? 
  Вот что дальнейший заграждает путь! 
  Вот отчего беда так долговечна! 
  Кто снес бы бич и посмеянье века, 
  Бессилье прав, тиранов притесненье, 
  Обиды гордого, забытую любовь, 
  Презренных душ презрение к заслугам, 
  Когда бы мог нас подарить покоем 
  Один удар? Кто нес бы бремя жизни, 
  Кто гнулся бы под тяжестью трудов? 
  Да, только страх чего-то после смерти –
  Страна безвестная, откуда путник 
  Не возвращался к нам, - смущает волю, 
  И мы скорей снесем земное горе, 
  Чем убежим к безвестности за гробом.
  
  Монолог Гамлета
  
  

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  The summit of Shakespeare's art
  Between 1600 and 1608 Shakespeare wrote his four great tragedies, "Hamlet" "Othello" "Macbeth" and "King Lear". It is the summit of Shakespeare's art.
  Shakespeare was popular during his lifetime. He was known as an actor and also was becoming popular as a writer. But in 1616, the year of his death, only some of his works were published. In 1623 the plays were collected and published, six years later after his death.
  
  
  

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  The Sonnets are Shakespeare's most popular works, and a few of them, such as Sonnet 18 (Shall I compare thee to a summer's day), Sonnet 116 (Let me not to the marriage of true minds), and Sonnet 73 (That time of year thou mayst in me behold), have become the most widely-read poems in all of English literature.. 
  Shakespeare's Sonnets
  

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  From fairest creatures we desire increase,
  That thereby beauty's rose might never die,
  But as the riper should by time decease,
  His tender heir might bear his memory:
  But thou, contracted to thine own bright eyes, 5
  Feed'st thy light'st flame with self-substantial fuel,
  Making a famine where abundance lies,
  Thyself thy foe, to thy sweet self too cruel.
  Thou that art now the world's fresh ornament
  And only herald to the gaudy spring, 10
  Within thine own bud buriest thy content
  And, tender churl, makest waste in niggarding.
   Pity the world, or else this glutton be,
  To eat the world's due, by the grave and thee.
  
  SONNET I
  William Shakespeare
  

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  Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?
  Thou art more lovely and more temperate:
  Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
  And summer's lease hath all too short a date:
  Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
  And often is his gold complexion dimmed,
  And every fair from fair sometime declines,
  By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed:
  But thy eternal summer shall not fade,
  Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,
  Nor shall death brag thou wand'rest in his shade,
  When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,
  So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,
  So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
  SONNET I8
  William Shakespeare
  
  
  

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  SONNET 30
  

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  SONNET 73
  

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  Let me not to the marriage of true minds
  Admit impediments. Love is not love
  Which alters when it alteration finds,
  Or bends with the remover to remove:
  O no; it is an ever-fixed mark, 
  That looks on tempests, and is never shaken;
  It is the star to every wandering bark,
  Whose worth's unknown, although his height be taken.
  Love's not Time's fool, though rosy lips and cheeks 
  Within his bending sickle's compass come; 
  Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks, 
  But bears it out even to the edge of doom.
     If this be error and upon me proved,
     I never writ, nor no man ever loved. 
  SONNET 116
  
  William Shakespeare
  

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  www.shakespeare-online.com/sonnets/
  https://en.wikipedia.org/.../Shakespeare's_sonne...
  
  Использованные источники:
  
  https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki
  http://greatstudy.ru/biografiya-shekspira-na-anglijskom-yazyke/
  http://www.correctenglish.ru/reading/biographies/william-shakespeare/