Презентация по английскому языку на тему "New Year and Christmas Traditions in Great Britain and Russia".

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  «New Year and Сhristmas traditions in Great Britain and Russia»
  Anush Aydinova
  2017
  

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  New Year in Great Britain
  The first of January, New Year’s Day, is a big holiday in Scotland. Scottish people celebrate New Year’s Eve in every family. Friends usually come on that day.
  They have a good dinner. After dinner there are apples, other fruit, and different sweets to eat. Then all the family and the friends begin to play games and dance. Before twelve o’clock at night many people in the towns go out into the streets to dance and to sing songs.
  In England New Year’s Day is not a big holiday, it is not so popular. Very many people go to bed before twelve o’clock on New Year’s Eve. But some families celebrate this evening at home. At midnight they also go out into the streets and squares.
  In London people go to the Trafalgar Square. In this square they see a great tree brightly decorated with little lamps. When the largest clock of London — Big Ben — begins to strike twelve, the people in the square join their hands and sing. They also wish a Happy New Year to each other. New Year is one of the favourite holidays for many people in Great Britain.
  

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  New Year in Russia.
  In Russia,the New Year holiday trumps even Christmas in importance, and major celebrations take place all over the country in recognition of the day. There is also a second New Year recognized in Russia – the Old New Year, which takes place after the regular New Year more universally observed.
  

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  Santa Claus
  The beginning of custom of gift giving during Christmas started from the three wise men, with their three gifts for the Christ child* Since then people have made up different things to tell their children where their Christmas presents came from. Saint Nicholas was known in early Christian legends for saving storm-tossed sailors, standing up for children, and giving gifts to the poor. Although many of his stories can't be proven true, his legend spread throughout Europe, and he was soon known for his extreme generosity and gift giving.
  Many stories include him riding through the sky on a horse and wearing his red bishop's cloak, sometimes accompanied by Black Peter, an elf whose job was to punish the bad children. The most known legend is when he walks through the streets in his bishop clothes, carrying a sack full of presents, and leaving a gift on the windowsills of children's houses.
  From the different parts of the world, there are different names of Santa Claus, but the spirit of Christmas remains the same.
  

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  Christmas Dinner in Great Britain
  Christmas dinner in both the United Kingdom and Ireland is usually eaten in the afternoon on the25th of December.
  The dinner usually consists of roast turkey (although other poultry such as goose, chicken, duck, capon or pheasant are alternatives), sometimes with roast beef or ham or, to a lesser extent, pork. Served with stuffing, gravy and sometimes forcemeat; pigs in blankets; cranberry sauce or redcurrant jelly; bread sauce; roast potatoes (sometimes also boiled or mashed); vegetables (usually boiled or steamed), particularly brussels sprouts and carrots; with dessert of Christmas pudding (or plum pudding), sometimes mince pies or trifle, with brandy butter and/or cream.Christmas pudding
  In England, the evolution of the main course into turkey did not take place for years, or even centuries. At first, in Medieval England, the main course was either a peacock or a boar, the boar usually the mainstay. The turkey appeared on Christmas tables in England in the 16th century, and popular history tells of King Henry VIII being first English monarch to have turkey for Christmas. The tradition of turkey at Christmas rapidly spread throughout England in the 17th century, and it also became common to serve goose which remained the predominate roast until the Victorian era. (it was quite common for Goose "Clubs" to be set up allowing working class families to save up over the year towards a goose before this).A famous Christmas dinner scene appears in Dicken's A Christmas Carol (1843), where Scrooge sends Bob Cratchitt a large turkey.The dessert of a British Christmas Dinner may often be Christmas pudding, which dates from medieval England. Trifle, mince pies, Christmas Cake or a Yule Log are also popular.
  

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  roast turkey puddings
  

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  New Year's meal in Russia
  A lot of special food is being cooked for this winter holiday: “Olivier” salad, red caviar and red fish, potatoes, meat and poultry, pickles and many various starters. And, of course, “Champagn” – Russian sparkling wine.
  Roast chicken Salads
  

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  New Year Customs in Great Britain
  
  A very old custom of “first footing” is still followed in Britain. “First foot” is the first person to cross the threshold of a home on New Year’s Day and a bringer of good fortune for the coming year. Preferably the male visitor would be a young, handsome, dark-haired, healthy male. A blonde, a red-haired or a woman are not allowed to enter the house first as they are supposed to bring bad luck. This is because a dark-haired man in ancient times would have been regarded as a fellow Scotsman, and therefore to be deemed safe, whereas a fair haired or red headed man could have been a Viking and therefore potentially a dangerous enemy.
  But in some places the first-foot must always be a male who enters the house first, and the colour of his hair doesn’t matter.
  The first-foot was supposed to bring gifts of money, bread or cake, coal or salt as these were considered lucky. The bread and cake was to ensure that the household did not go hungry during the coming year, the coal was to ensure that the house would be warm throughout the year and the salt was said to bestow wealth, as salt used to be a rare and precious commodity.
  

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  Traditions and Customs in Great Britain
  Home decoration Christmas tree
  

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  New Year celebrations in the center of Trafalgar Square.
  Due to its symbolic value over the Londoners, Trafalgar Square has always been a reference for political demonstrations as well as a social meeting point. The square is also used for celebrations, where thousands of people join to welcome the New Year, the VE day (celebration of the end of the II World War), andChristmas, when a special Christmas tree (gift of Norway) is lighted in the centre of the square as part of a tradition that started back in 1947.
  

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  Trafalgar Square.
  

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  New Year Traditions in in Russia.
  New Year celebrations in Russia are incomplete without friends and family members getting together, bursting crackers and having a gala time. Scrumptious and delicious meals are prepared, consisting of meat, carrots, onions, potatoes, mayonnaise, pickles and green peas. For those who love to freak out and have fun, there are innumerous pubs and club houses that remains almost jammed during this time of the year. At the stroke of midnight, bottles of champagnes and other liquors are opened and everybody wishes their near and dear ones a happy and prosperous New Year, full of fulfilled dreams and ambitions.
  

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  Christmas tree in Russia New Year's fireworks
  New Year's fireworks
  

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  Congratulations!!!
  Merry Christmas and Happy New Year!!!