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    THE ART OF COLLAGE
    KUCHIEVA TATIANA
    School № 31
    Vladikavkaz
    

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    ALL ART IS BUT AN IMAGINATION OF NATURE
    
    SENECA
    

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    COLLAGE MAY BE SEEN AS A QUINTESSENTIAL TWENTIETH-CENTURY ART FORM WITH MULTIPLE LAYERS AND SIGNPOSTS POINTING TO A VARIETY OF FORMS AND REALITIES, AND TO THE POSSIBILITY OR SUGGESTION OF COUNTLESS NEW REALITIES.
    
    KATHERINE HOFFMAN
    

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    COLLAGE
    AN ARTWORK CREATED BY PASTING TOGETHER HETEROGENEOUS MATERIALS SUCH AS NEWSPAPER, WALLPAPER, PRINTED TEXTS AND ILLUSTRATIONS, PHOTOGRAPHS, PRESSED FLOWERS, CLOTH, STRING,ETC, ON A FLAT SURFACE.
    

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    COLLAGE IS ORIGINALLY A FRENCH WORD, DERIVED FROM THE WORD COLLER, MEANING TO PASTER
    

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    MAKING COLLAGES IS A GREAT WAY TO RECYCLE OLD MAGAZINES BY CREATING PERSONALIZED GREEITING CARDS OR ATTRACTIVE AND INSPIRING POSTERS
    

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    DIFFERENCE BETWEEN COLLAGE AND PAINTING
    VISUAL IMPRESSION IS BUILT BY COMPOSITION OF COLOUR AND LINE
    BITS OF NEWSPAPER, LABELS BUTTONS, AND CHICKENWIRE, TO MENTION ONLY A FEW MATERIALS, ARE ATTACHED, READY-MADE, TO THE SURFACE IN AN INCONGRUOUS RELATIONSHIP FOR THE SYMBOLIC OR SUGGESTIVE EFFECT
    

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    PRE HISTORY OF COLLAGE
    THERE HAS ALWAYS EXISTED A KIND OF FOLK ART OF COLLAGE. FOR CENTURIES IT WAS POPULAR TO DECORATE ALL KINDS OF CONTAINERS WITH A MONTAGE OF CUT PASTED PICTURE FRAGMENTS. SOME OF THE EARLIEST VALENTINES WERE COMPOSED OF BITS OF APPROPRIATE PICTURES, DECORATION AND LACE.
    

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    IN THE 16TH CENTURY
    ARCIMBOLDO WOULD COMPOSE PORTRAITS OUT OF PAINTED BITS OF FRUIT, VEGETABLES, ANIMALS AND LANDSCAPE. THE NOSE OF CUCUMBER – AN INTRIGUING METAPHOR! THAT KIND OF METAMORPHOSIS – WHETHER WITTY OR PROFOUND – IS WELL WITHIN THE CONCEPTUAL NATURE OF COLLAGE
    

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    EARLY MODERN ARTISTS TURNED TO THESE NEW MEDIA TO REFLECT THE CHANGING REALITIES AROUND THEM. NEW SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERIES WERE A GREAT MOTIVATION TO EXPLORE ART BEYOND THE LIMITS OF TRADITIONAL PAINTING – THAT THE FIRST EXPERIMENTS IN COLLAGE AS A SERIOUS CREATIVE MEDIUM TOOK PLACE.
    

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    THE TIME WAS THE GREAT ARTISTIC REVOLUTION WE CALL MODERN ART WHICH BEGAN AT THE TURN OF THE 20TH CENTURY. IT OCCURRED MAINLY IN PARIS – BUT ALSO IN GERMANY, RUSSIA AND ITALY.
    

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    THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY
    PABLO PICASSO AND HIS FRIEND GEORGE BRAQUE CREATED COLLAGES IN THEIR EXPLORATION OF CUBISTS STYLE. THEY GLUED NEWSPAPERS AND EVEN PRINTED WRAPPERS TO THEIR PAINTINGS. THE TORN AND CUT OUT SHAPES ALLOWED THEM TO QUICKLY COMPOSE FRAGMENTED IMAGES, CREATING THE CUBISTS EFFECT OF SEEING MANY VIEWS OF AN OBJECT AT ONCE, AS IF THE OBJECT WERE MOVING THROUGH SPACE OR TIME.
    

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    KURT SCHWITTERS – THE FATHER OF COLLAGE
    DEMONSTRATED THAT THE BEAUTY CAN BE CREATED OUT OF ALMOST ANYTHING. ALL THINGS CAN BE RECYCLED AND AS CAN BE SEEN, EVEN ELEVATED TO FINE ART. HE EVEN WENT SO FAR AS TO TURN HIS STUDIO ITSELF INTO A MASSIVE COLLAGE.
    

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    MRS MARY DELANY (1700-1788)
    BEGAN MAKING COLLAGES AT THE AGE OF 72 AND CONTINUING FOR 10 YEARS UNTIL HER EYESGHT BEGAN TO FAIL, SHE CREATED ALMOST 1000 BOTANICALL ILLUSTRATIONS FROM CUT PAPER. HER PICTURES WERE MADE WITH INCREDIBLY INTRICATE DETAIL
    

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    HANS CRISTIAN ANDERSEN
    (1805 – 1875 )
    IN ADITION TO WRITING FAIRY TALES, ALSO LIKED TO MAKE PAPER CUTOUS, SILHOUETS, AND COLLAGES.
    

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    Kazimir Malevich (1878-1935)
    Turned to collage in 1913-1914 as a way to explore the concept of space, where he could unite all the materials in one manifestation
    

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    DURING WORLD WAR 1 THE DADAISTS ADVANCED THE CONCEPT OF COLLAGE: IN1915, JEAN ARP DROPPED PIECES OF PAPER ONTO A LARGE SHEET AND PASTED THEM EXACTLY WHERE THEY FELL. THIS FIRST COLLAGE BECAME KNOWN AS ABSTRACT COLLAGE.
    

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    The Stenberg Brothers
    Were constructivists who gained mass recognition as designers of NEP posters and the film posters. The Stenberg Brothers created 300 coloured film posters though at that time the cinema itself was black-and-white.
    

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    20 th century artists
    Kruchenykh and Rosanova
    Yankilevsky and Nemukin
    Prusakov and Kukryniksy
    

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    The Pushkin Fine Arts Museum and the Tretyakov Gallery have pasted together a perfectly good collage collection.
    

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    Collage aesthetic is used everywhere
    in art
    in music
    in commerce
    in advertising
    

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    PHOTO COLLAGE
    

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    People around the world have been creating beautiful work with paper and cutting devices for centuries.
    

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    Used materials
    
    
    .Old magazines
    Photocopies
    Original drawings
    Sweet wrappers
    Twigs
    Buttons
    Paper mache
    
    

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    The great thing about collages that you can personalize them
    

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    MAKING COLLAGES
    May be a journey of self discovery this way
    Fun
    Easy way to express your creativity
    Don’t be afraid to play
    Combine images that normally wouldn’t go together
    Rearrange the collage before glueing several times
    Don’t overpower your collage with too many words
    Make presentations of collages
    Discuss which collages are most effective and why, and point out elements of good composition
    

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    SEE WHAT HAPPENS! FOLLOW YOUR CURIOSITY AND ENJOY!
    

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