Проект на английском языке "Пока мы помним прошлое, у нас есть будущее" (о концлагере Маутхаузен)

MAUTHAUSEN. DEATH FACTORY
MBOU "Gymnasium №13 named after E.A. Bykov "
Novosibirsk - 2021
Bashkatova Elena Andreevna

CONTENT
1 Title slide
2 Explanation of topic choice
3 GOAL AND TASKS
4 Introduction
5 1938-1939: Establishment of a concentration camp
6 1940-1942: internationalization and massacres
7 the Mühlfiertel hare hunt
8 1945: overflow, death and liberation
9 application
10 List of used literature
11 Conclusion

Explanation of topic choice
As long as we remember the past, we have a future

We began to forget about the exploits of our ancestors at the front and in the rear, even fewer people remember the prisoners who were in concentration camps. Many have endured terrible torment for their homeland and I do not want their memory to fade away

GOAL AND TASKS
GOAL:
EDUCATION OF PEOPLE IN THE AREA OF THE HISTORY OF THE MAUTHAUSEN CONCENTRATION CAMP
TASKS:
FIND INFORMATION RESOURCES ON THE HISTORY OF A CONCENTRATOR ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ИНФОРМАЦИИ
WATCH DOCUMENTARY AND FEATURE FILMS
CREATE PROJECT AND PRODUCT
PRESENT THE PROJECT

Introduction
Now, on the site of the former concentration camp there is a memorial "Mauthausen". The initiators of its creation were the survivors and prisoners who came out from there, for whom this place was not only a place of atrocities by the Nazis, but also a sacred land. The purpose of the museum was the growing need to evoke shock and emotional response in the hearts of people. The dilapidated remnants of the barracks, the crematorium and the bridgehead seem to shout to us: "This must not happen again!" I would like to tell you the story of this terrible death factory
Picture 1 - Commemorative plaque

1938-1939:
Establishment of a concentration camp
Mauthausen was created in 1938: first as a place of detention for criminals, then - especially dangerous opponents of the political regime. It consisted of a central camp and 49 branches scattered throughout Austria. The total number of concentration camp prisoners over the entire period of its existence is estimated at about 335 thousand people, representatives of more than 30 nationalities. 2.5% were women
Picture 2 - View of the barracks

A few months later, people started breaking granite rocks in a quarry near the camp. Granite was used not only for the construction of stone buildings in Linz and Vienna, but also for the construction of monumental buildings in Berlin. Every day, 186 steps of the "death ladder" to a career were overcome by thousands of emaciated prisoners of the camp. The work in the quarry did not solve economic problems on a global scale, its main task was the physical exhaustion of the prisoners of the camp. Mass atrocities with prisoners happened on this staircase every day: the guards beat the prisoners, threw them down the stairs into the abyss, or forced them to jump
Picture 3 - "The ladder of death"

Sometimes SS men forced tired prisoners to carry stone blocks up the stairs. Those who survived the ordeal were then placed in a ruler at the edge of the cliff called the "Paratrooper Wall." At the battery point, each prisoner had the opportunity to fall himself or to push the prisoner in front of him off the cliff
Picture 4 - "Wall of parachutists"

1940-1942:
Internationalization and massacres
With the outbreak of the Second World War, the camp was internationalized. There were people from the countries occupied by Germany, including Soviet prisoners. In Mauthausen, about 200 thousand people were held, of which almost half died from illness, backbreaking work, weakness, hunger, or were killed by the SS
Picture 5 - Ravine for the execution of prisoners

It was for torture in the summer of 1944 that this SS "project" was started. Special prisoners acted as living mannequins in the school of atrocities. All kinds of torture and murder with bare hands were practiced here. SS men from adjacent camps came here to improve their skills. We watched from the towers how the local masters skillfully maim the prisoners. Then we went to practice the blows under their careful guidance
Picture 6 - Ovens of the crematorium and the gallows for prisoners

Picture 7 - Prisoners

Mühlfiertel hare hunt
On the night of February 2, 1945, more than five hundred Soviet officers escaped from the twentieth block of the Mauthausen concentration camp. Having overcome the camp wall and the barbed wire under tension, 419 people broke free. A real hunt was organized on them with the involvement of the SS, gendarmerie, Wehrmacht units, the local population, including women and teenagers. The operation to capture the fugitives in the Mühlfirtl area was cynically called a "hare hunt"
Picture 8 - Rise of the prisoners
(drawing of a prisoner)

Picture 9 -
Nikolay Baklanov

1945:
Overflow, Death, Liberation
The number of prisoners as of January 1945 is about 85 thousand people. The death toll for the entire existence of the camp is, according to various estimates, from 122,766 to about 320,000 people. Most of the dead were citizens of the USSR. On May 3, 1945, the SS men began to flee from the camp, and on May 5 American soldiers entered the camp
Picture 11 –
Prisoner’s patch table
Picture 10 - Letter from a former prisoner

In 1948, in Mauthausen, where General Karbyshev was brutally tortured, a monument was erected, which became the first monument on the territory of this death camp. The inscription on it reads: "Dmitry Karbyshev. Scientist. Warrior. Communist. His life and death were a feat in the name of life"
Picture 12 - Notebook of the dead prisoners

application
Camp wall diagram
List of the first prisoners

Completed kills plan
Granite memorial slabs at the memorial museum

List of used literature
1 The concentration camp Mauthausen 1938-1945 [text]: print. Ed. Sci. Cat. (Austria, 2013);
2 https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/7780227 «мы понимали, что доживаем последние часы» [text]: scientific. article (TASS, 12 Feb 2020);
3 https://www.mauthausen-memorial.org/ru concentration camp [text]: description, excursion (Mauthausen kz-gedenkstatte)

Everlasting memory! Concentration camp prisoners
THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION!