Работа МАН "The Usage of the Word «House» in the Works of the American Authors."

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  The Work Was done by the pupil
  Of the 8A form Theodosian Training Educational
  Complex Comprehensive Secondary School of I-III stages
  Gymnasium № 17 of Theodosian City
  The Researcher The English Teacher
  of High Category of school 17
  Khokhryakova Natalia Alexeevna
  

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  Introduction
  
  This work concerns the research of the lexical meaning of the word «house» on the material of the work of the English writer Allan Sillitoe «Key to the door», American writers O.Henry «Stories» and Theodore Dreiser «Jennie Gerhardt»
  We used such methods of investigation as the deeper analysis of the usage of this word and the frequency of its usage in the works of these authors.
  

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  Contents:
  The word «house» and its Origin.
  Phonetic Analysis of the word «house».
  Lexical Meaning of the Word «house».
  The Usage of the Word «house» in the Works of the American Authors.
  Idiomatic Expressions.
  Conclusion.
  

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  The word «house» and its Origin.
  House(n.)
  Old English hus «dwelling ,shelter,house»
  from Proto-Germanic husan , Dutch huis,German Haus of 4n known origin,perhaps connected to the root of hide(v) Meaning «family», including ances tors and descendants. The legislative sense transferred from the building in which the body meets.
  
  

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  Phonetic Analysis of the word «house».
  
  While examining the meaning of the word we can`t but mention it`s phonetic effigy. So we made the phonetic analysis of the word «house». It is as this.
  
  
  [h] a glottal ,constrictive, fricative, voiceless, fortis Cph
  [au] a closing diphthong with the u-glide.
  [s] a forelingual ,alveolar, constrictive, fricative, voiceless, fortis Cph
  
  

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  Lexical Meaning of the Word «House»
  
  The majority of the words in English are polysemic. My investigating word isn`t an exception. It is used as:
  1.дом,здание
  2.зал,фудитория
  3.представление(performance)
  4.сеанс
  5.палата
  6.учреждение,фирма
  7.дом,династия
  8.церковь(the House of God)
  9.семья,хозяйство
  10.театр,публика,зрители
  11.гостиница,постоялый двор
  12.аудитория
  13.религиозное братство
  14.рубка(мор.)
  
  
  

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  The Used of the Word «house» in the Works of the American Authors
  I found the word «house» in the meaning of дом, жилище in the following examples:
  
  «I`ll run by it anyway and walk when I come to the lit-up houses because if anybody stops me there I can knock at a door for help.(p.34 Allan Sillitoe - «Key to the Door»)
  People were going and coming from the house, many of them unknown to the dogs, who hadn`t stopped barking and dragging their chains since early morning, despite Merton going out twice to them with the stick(p.43 Allan Sillitoe - «Key to the Door»)
  
  
  

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  «I mean about the house…The house is clean from top to botton and I`ve got the rent book and keys»(p.51 Allan Sillitoe - «Key to the Door»)
  Instead of woods and fields, houses would appear along new roads,would transform the map in his mind .(p.188 Allan Sillitoe - «Key to the Door»)
  To Brian he was captured,taken from being of the house and set among strangers where he seemed insignificant. .(p.188 Allan Sillitoe - «Key to the Door»)
  So I put a bottle of Resurrection Bitters in my pocket and goes up on the hill to the mayor`s mansion ,the finest house in town, with a mansard roof and two cast-iron dogs on the lawn(p.32 O Henry «Stories»)
  
  

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  After three days the worst was over, but there was no bread in the house.(p. 22 Theodore Dreiser «Jennie Gerhardt»)
  «I don`t believe there`s a thing to eat in the house.» .(p. 25 Theodore Dreiser «Jennie Gerhardt»)
  The afternoon of the day after Christmas Brander encountered the mother in the hotel, Jennie having been left at home to look after the house.(p. 44 Theodore Dreiser «Jennie Gerhardt»)
  This is quite comfortable house.(p. 49 Theodore Dreiser «Jennie Gerhardt»)
  
  

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  Idiomatic expressions
  One word can carry a number of meanings by association with certain contexts. So in my research work we were of a lot of idiomatic expressions:
  1)Safe as houses=very safe
  2)get on like a house on fire=get on very well with someone.
  3)eat someone out of house and home =eat a lot of food
  4)to bring the house down-вызвать гром аплодисментов(everyone is on applauding=receive a lot of praise and applause
  5)in the doghouse-to be in trouble
  6)a house of cards-an organization or plan that is very weak and can easily be destroyed.
  7)to put your house in order
  8)to go round the houses=to waste time saying a lot of things that are not important before you get to the subject you want to talk about.
  
  

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  My work has a linguistic character. It is directed on the broadening in the lexis and perfectness of research reading.
  I think that my work can be used as an additional material at the English lessons.
   
  
  
  Conclusion
  
  

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  References
  Арнольд И. В. и Афанасьева «Лексикология современного английского языка» 1986г.
  Тинбург, Хидекель и Смрницкий «Лексикология английского языка» 1986г.
  Медникова Э.М. «значение слова и методы его описания» 1974г.
  Теоритическая фонетикаанглийского языка: Учебник для студентов институтов и факультетов иностраных языков – М. А. Соколова, И. С. Тихонова, Р. М. Тихонова 1996 г.
  Gardiner A. H. - «The Definition of the world and the entence» «The british Jornal of Psychology» 1922г.
  
  
  

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  Thank you for your attention!