Статья "Мошенничество в интернете" (9 класс)

INTERNET FRAUD

The definition of "fraud" includes many illegal actions in various fields, including in the field of banking, mobile communications and modern information technologies. Despite the differences in technology, all these actions share a number of common features:

• Illegal acquisition of rights to another's property;

• In most cases, the victim of fraud independently and voluntarily transfers to the criminals his property or rights to it.

The “assortment” of various frauds has expanded significantly today, mainly due to the advent of modern technologies in everyday life - such as the Internet, mobile communications, online shopping and banking. However, traditional types of fraud are still flourishing. Among them are thimbles, street scammers offering to buy precious goods, dummies, arranging accidents and offering to arrange on the spot. One of the largest and at the same time involving a large number of people type of scam is a financial pyramid.

• All the most common types of fraud are united by one common denominator - they are carried out taking into account the psychology of potential victims of scams. Scams are thought out to the smallest detail and can deceive the vigilance of even the most cautious and attentive people. That is why it is necessary to remember that personal data, such as password, login, bank account number, code word, CVV2 code on a bank card cannot be transferred to third parties.

Our compatriots are not taught by deplorable experience, regular falls on the same rake. Every day, scammers invent new schemes that allow them to get money from unsuspecting people with impunity. If the deception has happened, do not look for the guilty. We must remember: free cheese - only in a mousetrap. If the proposal is already very tempting, then there is a catch in it. With the Internet evolution, the methods of fraud have changed dramatically.

Types of Internet Fraud

In connection with the active growth of the market of electronic payments and online shopping, new modern forms of fraud using information technologies are also developing. The most common types of fraud on the Internet are the following frauds:

• Phishing - theft of personal data (password, login) in order to steal funds from a credit card. Mostly for phishing use a mailing list containing a link to fake sites;

• Email fraud - the so-called “Nigerian letters”. They contain a beautiful legend about the inheritance from a mythical relative and a request to transfer money to the account to receive payment for the services of a lawyer or payment of a commission;

• Frauds with online wallets - most often in such cases, the buyer transfers the prepayment to the seller to the Internet wallet, but in the end does not receive any goods or money.

Clone sites of famous Internet resources (classmates, VKontakte). Once on such a site, criminals offer to unblock a personal page by sending a paid SMS.

Imposed paid subscription, which by itself comes to the post office.

Windows blocking viruses. A message is required to unlock.

The methods of fraud on the Internet are endless, the list is updated very quickly.

Types of Bank Fraud

Fraudulent actions in banks can be divided into several groups:

• Credit fraud - crediting amounts intended to repay debt to other accounts, applying for loans to non-existent borrowers, applying for loans without the knowledge of customers;

• Fraud during settlement and cash services - unauthorized write-offs of amounts from an account, substitution of counterfeit notes, drawing out banknotes from the recalculated bundle;

• Deposit fraud - withdrawal of deposited funds, understatement of amounts in documents, write-off of funds without the knowledge of the client.

Most banking fraud is carried out in branches and branches of banks, where there is less control, and not in large head offices. In such circumstances, there are fewer employees, but they are involved in more business processes, which opens up greater opportunities for illegal activities.

There are many methods of stealing funds from bank debit cards. Elementary - peeping a PIN code at an ATM. More complex is hacker implementation in client software. Criminals steal banknotes easily and efficiently.

Bank Card Fraud Types

The most common type of bank credit card fraud is the cloning of plastic cards or the so-called dummy cards. In various ways, criminals try to find out the private information of users and write data to a dummy. Then it remains to cash money at an ATM or pay for purchases via the Internet.

The second no less popular way is the creation of online stores. Such sites are developed for one purpose - to collect the maximum information about plastic cards of customers.

The third way is phishing. The data from users is recognized by phone, via SMS or hidden cameras fixed near ATMs.

One of the new types of credit card fraud is private ads with attractive discounts on the purchase of airline tickets, hotel rooms, etc. As a rule, authors are represented by relatives of people who enjoy corporate discounts and, due to unforeseen circumstances, canceled a trip or a flight. A satisfied buyer transfers money to someone else's bank card and receives a document confirming the reservation. Check on the website of the airline or hotel gives a positive result.

In fact, the buyer’s money is transferred to a stolen card, with which payment is made. As a result, the buyer (the bearer of the reservation) is detained while trying to check into a hotel or board a plane.

Bank card fraud over the phone

Telephone card fraud is the most effective way to get funds from someone else's credit card. Today, two common scenarios are used. The first is a call from a bank employee to find out your card details. Banks never make such requests or invite the client to personally visit the office for this purpose. The second option is a call from the "police" demanding to redeem a son, husband, brother or grandson who fell into the bullpen. With such calls you need to be especially careful. First contact a relative by telephone. As a rule, at this moment he goes about his own business and does not even suspect of detention.

What to do if a person becomes a victim of a crime?

If a person has already become a victim of a crime, it is necessary to contact the support line of a banking institution as soon as possible.

We look at the phone number on the back of the card. When talking with the operator, he will ask for identification. To do this, you need to say the code word, provide contact information, and then act in accordance with the instructions of the bank employee. To prevent further leakage of funds - the operator must block the plastic card. Try to contact a bank employee or personally visit the branch within 24 hours.

If the fraudsters still withdraw the money, you should immediately contact the bank with a request to block the card urgently.

According to official figures, fraudulent activities aimed at illegal enrichment in Russia are developed an order of magnitude higher than the countries of Europe and the USA. This is explained by the Slavic mentality, the desire for instant money. At the same time, the methods of fraud are changing, and the result is constant.

Ways to Detect Fraud: Difficulties in Identifying

The process of exposing scammers consists of the measures necessary to detect cases of fraud, abuse, and other dubious acts. Fraud differs from other types of crimes in that it is not as easy to identify it as we would like. Methods for detecting fraud are to identify obvious signs associated with the crime, the detection of fraud factors.

As a result of coordinated actions, ordinary criminals sooner or later make miscalculations, make mistakes.

How to protect yourself from fraud?

Securing yourself from fraud is not difficult. The first rule is to treat plastic cards with the same care and accuracy as with cash. Keep credit and debit cards in safe places, do not leave them unattended even for a short time. Only a few seconds are enough for an experienced fraudster to partially or fully take possession of the available funds. It is extremely undesirable to give use of the card to third parties, including relatives and friends. For this category, banks issue special additional cards.