Муниципальное
бюджетное общеобразовательное учреждение
«Средняя
общеобразовательная школа № 14 имени Б.И. Хохлова»
муниципального
образования
городской округ Симферополь Республики Крым
Исследование
Сленг в песнях Арианы
Гранде как показатель молодежной субкультуры
Английский язык
Работу выполнила:
Мартиросян Карина Арменовна,
ученица 9-В класса
Научный руководитель:
Мулюкбаева Тамара Михайловна,
учитель английского языка,
МБОУ «СОШ № 14 им. Б.И. Хохлова»
г.
Симферополь, 2020
Introduction
……………………………………………………………………….3
СHAPTER I. Youth slang: the key
concepts.........................................................
1.1. Youth slang in modern
music........................................................................
СHAPTER II. Demonstration of slang in Ariana's
work…………………………
2.1. General
characteristics of Ariana's work.....................................
2.2. Slang phenomenon in
grammar and vocabulary.....................................
Conclusion
……………………………………………………………………
List of
references……………………………………………………………
Introduction
Youth slang is a special form of language that is
very difficult to learn, since this phenomenon is not established in time,
mobile and changing. Today, when the mass media play a huge role in the
appearance of new words: television, radio broadcasting, the press, slang is
crowding respectable speech and, thanks to mass culture, it imposes its own
typo on the language of the entire nation. If we take into account the fact
that language and culture are interrelated phenomena, we can suggest that by
learning slang through songs, a person becomes attached to the English-language
culture, which is a significant factor in increasing interest in the language
being studied.
The gap
between" classical " speech and slang is widening every day, so that
sometimes it is impossible to understand a native speaker of a foreign language
because of the academic nature of the textbooks used to teach the language.
This determines the actuality of this study. The scientific novelty
of the research is determined by the novelty of the actual material (the
latest newspapers, magazines, Internet publications, modern songs, as well as
the "live" language of my peers were analyzed).
Purpose:
to identify the features of the use of modern youth vocabulary in English songs
on the example of Ariana Grande's work.
Tasks: 1.
Consider the key concepts of youth slang; 2. To study the concept of youth
slang and determine its place, function and role in the formation of the
language; 3. To analyze youth slang on the material of the foreign songs.
Subject of research: use of youth slang vocabulary.
Object of research: slang in Ariana Grande songs.
Hypothesis: youth slang is a popular and influential sociolinguistic
phenomenon in speech terms.
Structure of the work: the work consists of an introduction, two
chapters and a conclusion: the first Chapter contains a theoretical analysis of
the literature on the topic of the study; the second Chapter is devoted to the
analysis of the features of the use of youth slang vocabulary. The work is
accompanied by a bibliographic list of 12 names.
Research methods: continuous sampling method, linguistic-stylistic
analysis. The research material was 50 songs by pop singer
Ariana from 5 albums from 2013 to 2019.
СHAPTER I. Youth slang: the key concepts
In the
twentieth century, there was a technical revolution, the pace of life has
significantly accelerated, and the vocabulary has increased, because each new
concept must correspond to at least one word. Accordingly, the vocabulary of
jargon is expanding, and thousands of new words have been added to reflect
political and social changes. For example, to play hooky-skip classes, there
you go-Well, you're good! I. T. p. [4, p. 115] as you know, there are still
doubts in modern linguistics about the origin of the word "slang".
According to one version, English. slang comes from sling ("throw").
In such cases, remember the archaic to sling one's jaw - " to speak
violent and offensive speech." According to another version,
"slang" goes back to slanguage, with the initial letter s allegedly
added to the language as a result of the disappearance of the word thieves;
that is, originally it was about the thieves 'language thieves' language [11,
p. 183]. In writing, the word slang was first recorded in England in the 18th
century. Then it meant " insult."
Around 1850, the term began to be used more
widely, as a designation for" illegal " vernacular vocabulary. At the
same time there are synonyms for the word slang - lingo and argot [10, p. 3].
On the scope of the concept "slang" talk later appeared his
descriptive terms like "obscene colloquial speech or slang is language
that rolls up his sleeves, spits on palms and goes to work" (Carl
Sandberg) or is it "poetry of the common man," etc. [6; p. 72] the
definition of the word "slang" is one of the most controversial and
confusing issues in English linguistics. A set of jargon that makes up a layer
of colloquial vocabulary that reflects a roughly familiar, sometimes humorous
attitude to the subject of speech. It is used mainly in conditions of casual
communication: English. gal-girl [7, p. 161]. The term "slang", notes
the famous American linguist CH. Friz, has expanded its meaning so much and is
used to refer to so many different concepts that it is extremely difficult to
draw a dividing line between what is slang and what is not. [9, p. 52]. R.
Spears notes that the term "slang" was originally used to refer to
British criminal jargon as a synonym for the word "cant" (cant). Over
the years, "slang" has expanded its meaning and now includes various
types of non-literary vocabulary: jargon, vernaculars, dialects, and even
vulgar words [12, p. 10-11].
Slang is a vocabulary that has an
emotional connotation. Slang usually includes all sorts of humorous, ironic,
and other expressions. Slang can be divided into well-known and common, and
little-known and narrowly used. Slang is characterized by limited
intelligibility. An interesting interpretation of slang can be found in an
article by Stuart B. Flexner, one of the authors of the Dictionary of American
slang. He writes: "American slang ( ... ) is those words and expressions
that are used by a relatively large part of the broad strata of the American
people, or that are understandable to them, but in the opinion of the majority,
are not suitable for "good", official use of them in speech" [9;
p.14]. The General vocabulary of the "average American", the author
writes, is approximately 10 000 - 20 000 words. Of these, about 2,000 words are
slang. Therefore, slang accounts for 10-20 percent of the total lexical stock
mentioned above. In total, the vocabulary of the English language in the United
States, according to scientists, includes 10,000 words related to slang itself,
and 35,000 words - to its varieties: this is professional slang, jargon, Argo.
[13; p. 96] there Are several functions of youth slang, let's highlight some of
them: first, youth slang acts as a means of communicating people of the same age
category. Youth slang differs in that the dictionary is limited to the
realities of the world of young people. The slang names in question refer only
to this world, thus separating it from everything else, and are often
incomprehensible to people of other age categories. Secondly, phrases used by
young people sound more playful than usual, giving the speech a humorous
character and turning into a "collective game". Third, youth slang
opposes itself to the older generation. The main principle is the element of
shock and shock. This is the challenge to a prosperous, successful society and
the rejection of its norms, patterns, and decencies [7, p. 138].
1.1. Youth slang in modern music
Slang is used in different spheres of life, there
are different types of slang: professional, prison, from which most of the
adopted hip-hop culture, the language of computer scientists, hippies, etc. All
this directly affects the musical culture, almost all modern songs have an
abundance of slang, which leads to their rapid spread and introduction into the
vocabulary of society [20; p. 59]. Mass media, especially television, play a
significant role in the emergence of new words. Most new slang words arise and
evolve quite naturally from specific situations. Thus, the appearance of new
objects, things, objects, ideas, or events is accompanied by the appearance of
new words to explain and describe them. For example, in the 60s of the
twentieth century, there were no personal computers or mobile phones, and
musicians did not go to "play for a cap". In addition, each
new generation of young people also needs some new words to explain their
different view of pre-existing things. This is what introduced such a large
number of slang words and expressions into the slang of young people of the
late twentieth and early twenty - first century, reflecting various aspects of
the life of drug addicts, as well as relations between young people. Modern
youth slang is a kind of language in the language that can dominate the
speaker's speech and only slightly affect it. For example, instead of the
commonly used "to eat" in youth slang, they will say "to stuff"
or "to have a stuff"; instead of "good"-
"gee"; instead of "surprised" - "gaga"
[6, p. 163].
During the twentieth century and the beginning of
the twenty-first century, many subcultures appeared: hippie, punk, rave, and so
on. today, there are many directions in music, but the most popular types are
pop, hip-hop, and R'n'b. These three directions are intertwined, creating a new
style of life, where there is an abundance of their slang. As mentioned above,
modern music is full of different kinds of slang and jargon, the origin of
which is diverse. For example, hip-hop, a very relevant direction in music
today. The culture of hip-hop is very much borrowed from the prison culture:
clothing, mannerisms, slang and jargons. Rap is very difficult to perceive by
people of other nationalities, since there is an abundance of slang that is
understood mainly only by people belonging to this culture. The name itself
already speaks to the lifestyle of this subculture: the rich and luxurious life
of people who bow to glamour and wealth. R'n'b style introduced such words as
icys-that is, diamonds of incredible purity and size, junk inside a
trunk-designer items in Louis Vitton suitcases, fabulous-a person not only
rich, but also a star. In their songs, representatives of the modern R'n'b
style praise their ideals, that is, money and all their subsequent ones. As
already mentioned, not everyone understands their slang, especially foreign
people, but their study will help you get closer and understand the main
meaning of the songs. The same applies to songs from other music genres, for
example, popular music is also full of different new words. Listening to songs
of the studied language, a person develops listening skills and learns to
perceive foreign speech. Nowadays, these words can be found in the normative
vocabulary of the English language. They are no longer considered slang and are
quite successfully used in colloquial speech.
СHAPTER II. Demonstration of slang in Ariana's
work
2.1. General characteristics of Ariana's work
Ariana was born in a resort town on the Southeast coast of
Florida in 1993, on June 26. Edward and Joan, the parents of the future pop
star, moved to Boca Raton from new York. Even in early childhood, Ariana began
to show an interest in creativity. The girl took part in theatrical productions
and performances based on famous fairy tales.
When Grande turned 14, she went to Los Angeles. At this time, as
a teenager, the girl clearly realized that, despite the success and prospects
in acting, she wants to seriously study music. However, the first appeal to the
producers ended with a refusal: recording studios at that time considered
Ariana too young to start a career as an R&b performer. However, the
imaginary failure becomes only a step to success: the girl receives an offer to
take part in a Broadway musical and accepts it. Work on the musical play
"13", where the rising star got the role of the leader of the school
sports support group, forces the girl to stop studying for a while. In the
future, the young actress will not return to classes, continuing training in an
individual format with the help of hired Tutors.
In 2009, Ariana gets a role in the
television series "Victoria the winner". In a situational Comedy, she
embodied the image of kat Valentine. The following year, producer Desmond child
invited a talented girl to his musical "Cuba Libre". In 2010, Grande
decides to suspend her work as an actress for a while and begins to diligently
improve her vocal data, devoting all her time to this occupation. The effort
does not go unnoticed, and soon Grande is invited to the team of "Republic
Records", and in 2011 the first single" Put your hearts up",
released by the efforts of a professional recording Studio, is released. Grande
combines her first steps as a singer with work on voicing cartoon characters in
the series "Winx Club" and the animated project "Snowflake, the
White Gorrilla". Soon, Grande appears in front of the audience as a
fragile, charming snow White in a theatrical adaptation of the popular literary
work "A Snow White Christmas".
In 2013, Ariana presented her
first Studio album with the touching title "Yours Truly". A month
later, the album topped the us "Billboard 200" rating. The track
"The Way"was included in the top ten songs for the same version. In
the summer of 2014, the second album "My Everything" was released,
which again immediately soared to the first position of the authoritative list
of "Billboard 200" and demonstrated a phenomenal commercial success.
The collection of tracks sold more than 150 thousand copies. The collaboration
with hip-hop artist Iggy Azalea "Problem" quickly turned into a hit
and received high ratings from fans of popular music.
In 2015, Grande appeared in the
frames of the series "scream Queens", broadcast on the Fox channel.
At the same time, the third album was not long in coming. "Dangerous
Woman" appeared in the public domain in the spring of 2016 and cemented
Grande's position as an incredibly successful, sought-after and popular singer.
Even critical skeptics liked the record.
2018 turned out to be extremely
fruitful: Grande worked on recording two albums:" Sweetener " fans
had the opportunity to evaluate in the spring, and in the fall the track
"Thank U, Next" was released, which precedes the appearance of the
record of the same name.
2.2. Slang phenomenon in grammar and vocabulary
Ariana Grande's recent song "7 rings"
received more than 106 million views on You Tube, but it's not easy to
understand the meaning of the lines “My neck is flossy” and “My gloss
is poppin’. I don't think she sings about a fluffy neck and a bursting sparkle.
Let's look at slang English expressions from Ariana Grande songs. Ariana Grande
“7 rings”. My neck is flossy. Flossy-Literal translation: fluffy,
silky-Slang: fashionable, spectacular. Ariana sings that her neck is
covered with jewels. How to use: Your new dress is so flossy. = Your new
dress is so fashionable. Ariana Grande “7 rings”. My gloss is poppin’. Poppin
' - Literal translation: bursting, cracking-Slang: cool, stylish. Ariana
makes a reference to the Lip Gloss track and says that she has a cool lip
gloss. How to use: That guy is popping. = This guy is cool. Ariana
Grande “No tears left to cry”. We're out here vibin‘ . Vibe-Literal
translation: vibrate-Slang: hang out, carouse to music. If you are tired
of the hackneyed "hangout” or" groove“, use the
fashionable”vibe". How to use: Hey, girl, come vibe with me. = Hey,
girl, come hang out with me. «Thought I'd end up with Sean. But he wasn't a
match – was it a match. And for Pete, I'm so grateful. I ain't
worried 'bout nothin' - I'm not worried about nothing. And she handles
pain –Pain – handle. At Least this song is a smash-break.
Conclusion
Thus, this study was relevant, because the gap
between" classical " speech and slang is expanding every day so that
sometimes it is impossible to understand a native speaker of a foreign language
because of the academic nature of textbooks that are used to teach the
language. If we take into account the fact that language and culture are
interrelated phenomena, then learning slang through songs, a person becomes
attached to the English-language culture, which is a significant factor in
increasing interest in the language being studied. A significant place is given
to slang in pop culture, which makes it prestigious and necessary for
self-expression. The internal source of speech development for young people is
music with its bright, unusual words. There is a strong tendency to reduce and
simplify words. The mechanism of formation of slang systems of youth speech is
based on borrowings. Thus, based on the analysis of the obtained data, we
concluded that there are grammatical and lexical deviations from the norm in
the slang of Ariana's songs. Grammatical features include double negation, all
sorts of violations of language rules, and abbreviations. As for lexical
deviations from the norm, the main feature is the frequent use of profanity.
The main theme of slang is the person and his feelings, as well as the
expression of emotions.
List
of references
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Large encyclopedic dictionary. Linguistics. - Yeah.: Russian encyclopedia,
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