Health Care in Russia.
Health care in Russia, both
preventive and curative, is available to the whole population. The most
distinctive feature of it is the attention paid to prophylaxis. One of the main
tasks in the fight against various diseases is the early detection of the first
signs of disease. We pay much attention to the health education of the
population. We believe that is one of the main available methods of preventing
the spread of diseases. For this purpose the press, cinema, radio and television
are very helpful.
The basic medical unit in
our country is the polyclinic. Polyclinics are large medical centres employing
many doctors and nurses. Polyclinics have their own laboratories and X-ray,
physiotherapy, surgical and dental departments. We have polyclinics for the
adult population and for children. Ambulant patients are seen at the polyclinic
by district doctors. Patients who are seriously ill are visited by their
district doctor at home. The doctor works 6 hours a day. For the district doctor
this is made up of 3 hours seeing patients at the polyclinic and 3 hours in
visiting patients in their homes.
The emergency ambulance
service operates day and night and is free of charge. The ambulances are
equipped with diagnostic, respiratory and anaesthetic apparatus, as well as
blood-transfusion and other devices, which enable the doctor to give emergency
surgical and medical treatment.
There are several
specialised hospitals in Russia for the treatment of particular diseases –
infectious and psychiatric diseases, cancer and ophthalmological diseases and
others. The Mother-and-Child Health Care Centre is in Moscow. This Centre deals
with not only routine problems of obstetrics and gynaecology but also with
research in the normal physiology of a female organism starting from an early
stage of development. The main task of this centre is to ensure the birth of a
healthy child.
At present, there have
emerged a number of private diagnostic and consultation centres, general
hospitals and specialised clinics. Medical and health care is provided in line
with compulsory and voluntary medical insurance programmes set up by the state
via private insurance companies.
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