Учебная презентация к уроку "Passive Voice"

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  English Grammar
  The Passive Voice
  

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  Form
  verb “to be” + past participle (= V3)
  
  NB: we don’t change the past participle;
  we change the verb “to be” in the
  tense we need (Present, Past, Future).
  
  

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  We Use The Passive Without Mentioning the Doer/Agent:
  We don’t know the doer of the action:
  The letter was written.
  The action is MORE important than the doer:
  My car has been stolen.
  The doer is obvious:
  The criminal will be arrested.
  
  

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  We Use The Passive:
  We don’t want to take responsibility for the action, or the event is unpleasant:
  Hundreds of people were killed.
  In newspapers, in news headlines, in formal notices:
  New bill has been put forward.
  
  
  

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  We Use The Passive With the Doer/Agent When :
  
  We want to emphasize the doer:
  The hospital was visited by the President.
  
  We want to make statements more polite/formal:
  My new hat was ruined. (He has ruined my new hat.)
  

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  Prepositions
  When we mention the doer, we use BY :
  The elections were won BY V. Putin.
  When we want to mention what the agent used in order to carry out an action, we use WITN :
  That picture was drawn WITH a blue
  crayon.
  
  
  

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  Reporting What People Say or Think in General
  
  We use: It is said/ believed/ claimed/ thought that … :
  It is claimed that economy will be/get stronger over the next few years.
  

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  The Passive Is Used in Tenses
  Present simple:
  More cars are sold now.
  Present continuous:
  More cars are being sold next month.
  Past simple:
  More cars were sold in 2005 than in 2008.
  Past continuous:
  More cars were being sold this time last year.
  

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  Future simple:
  More cars will be sold next year, I hope.
  Present perfect:
  More cars have already been sold.
  Past perfect:
  More cars had been sold before he managed to sell his one.
  
  
  

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  Going to:
  More cars are going to be sold by this salon.
  Modal verbs – present:
  More cars can be sold by this salon.
  Modal verbs – past:
  More cars may have been sold under some other conditions.
  

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  The Passive Is Not Used in:
  Future continuous
  Future perfect continuous
  Present perfect continuous
  Past perfect continuous
  
  

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  The End
  Thank You