Учебное пособие специальности 08.02.09 (270843) Монтаж, наладка и эксплуатация электрооборудования промышленных и гражданских зданий

Министерство общего и профессионального образования Ростовской области

государственное бюджетное профессиональное

образовательное учреждение

Ростовской области

«Белокалитвинский гуманитарно-индустриальный техникум»

УЧЕБНО-МЕТОДИЧЕСКОЕ ПОСОБИЕ

учебной дисциплины ОГСЭ.03 ИНОСТРАННЫЙ ЯЗЫК

 (АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК)

специальности

08.02.09 (270843) Монтаж, наладка и эксплуатация электрооборудования промышленных и гражданских зданий 

Белая Калитва

2015

ОДОБРЕНО цикловой комиссией иностранных языков Протокол № ____ от «____» ___________ 2015 г. Председатель______________  Е.В. Гаврикова

Разработал преподаватель ГБПОУ РО «БГИТ»           Колесникова А.А.

Предисловие

Пособие состоит из семи тем. Каждая тема состоит из текста, предтекстовых упражнений, списка новых слов и выражений, упражнений к тексту.

Цель пособия - развить навыки устной и письменной речи, помочь студентам, изучающим английский язык овладеть разговорной речью по темам профессиональной направленности. Лексика пособия определяется тематикой.

В начале текста, даются предтекстовые задания, список новых слов и выражений для активного усвоения. В конце каждого текста представлены упражнения и вопросы, с помощью которых можно осуществить контроль понимания прочитанного и уровень языковой подготовки студентов.

Знание предложенных текстов поможет при общении с носителями языка вести беседу профессиональной направленности, расширит кругозор и облегчит подготовку к сообщению по определённой теме.

1.     General tools

1.     Read and translate the text.

Talbot Electrical Services

Employee Manual

Section 2.1 Tools Needed

All employees of Talbot Electrical Services will bring their own tool kits. Tool kits need to contain the basic tools needed for electrical jobs. These basic tools are sold at most hardware stores.

Pliers are needed for pulling and cutting wires. Your kit needs to include long nose pliers and end cutting pliers. Side cutters and diagonal cutters are recommended.

You must have wire strippers in your kit. Make sure they are able to strip the most common wires. You will also need several types of screwdrivers on the job.

A flashlight, measuring tape and utility knife will round out your kit.

Exercises

2. Read the text from the company manual. Then, mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F).

1.  __ Employees can buy the tools at hardware stores.

2.   __Side cutters and diagonal cutters are needed in the tool kit.

3.  __Wire strippers are used for cutting and pulling wire.

3. Write a word that is similar in meaning to the underlined part.

1.  Jack forgot his pliers that are only used for cutting wire at the job site.

_ _ a _ _ n _ _    c _ t _ _ r _

2. A small, battery operated light is good for seeing in dark spaces.

_ l _ _ h _ _ g _ _

3. Mary used a tool with a thin, sharp slanted blade to cut open the box.

_ t _ _ _ t _   _ _ _ f _

4. The electrical bought a tool used for pulling out staples for his kit.

_ n _    _ _ t _ _ _ _   p _ _ e _ _

4. Match the words (1-6) with the definitions (A-F).

1.  __ tool kit

2.  __side cutters

3.  __ screwdriver

4. __ long nose pliers

5. __ measuring tape

6. __ wire stripper

A  a tool with blades able to grip or cut wires

B  a tool used to tighten or loosen screws

C  a tool for cutting, twisting or pulling wires

D  a tool used to pull the covering off of wires

E  a tool used for finding the length of an object

F  a bag or box used to hold a set of tools

2.     More tools

1.     Read and translate the text.

NewGuy12

I have the basic stuff I need to do on jobs (hammer, Phillips screwdrivers, tool belt, etc.) What else do I need in my tool kit?

MasterElectrician

You need wrenches for different things. I’d get allen wrenches, socket wrenches, and torque wrenches. Also, get electrical tape and duct tape for your kit.

WiredUp

My tool kit has a hacksaw, nut drivers, and crimpers in it. I don’t use them a lot. But they’re there them!

NewGuy12

Thanks for the advice! Going to the store now.

Exercises

2. Read the web forum. Then, choose the correct answers.

1. What is the webpage mostly about?

A  the best tool kits to buy

B  the tools electricians need

C  the different types of wrenches

D  the kinds of tape electricians use

2. What advice is NewGuy12 looking for?

A  which basic tools he needs for jobs

B  which tool brand works the best

C  which additional tools he needs

D  which tools do not get used much

3. Which is NOT in NewGuy12’s tool kit yet?

A  tool belt

B  hammer

C  hacksaw

D  Phillips screwdriver

3. Choose the sentence that uses the underlined part correctly.

1.  A  John put the tool belt around his waist.

    B  A crimper can easily cut through metal.

2.  A  I used an allen wrench to hit the nail.

    B  Sam covered the wires with electrical tape.

3.  A  I need a torque wrench to tighten the loose bolt.

    B  The wires need to be cut by a hacksaw.

   4. Match the words (1-8) with the definitions (A-H).

1. __crimper

2. __hacksaw

3. __hammer

4. __ allen wrench

5. __duct tape

6. __ nut driver

7. __ socket wrench

8. __ Phillips screwdriver

A  tool with a thin blade that cuts through metal

B  tool used to tighten bolts

C  tool used for tightening nuts

D  kind of tape made of mesh used for air ducts

E  a tool with a metal top used for hitting nails

F  tool used to tighten screws with a cross head

G  tool used for pushing connectors around bare wires

H  a tool with a six-sided head used for tightening screws or bolts

3.     Power tools - drills and saws

1.     Read and translate the text.

Electrical Source

Spring catalog Power Drills and Saws

Electrician’s Drill Bit Kit

All electricians need a high-quality drill. Along with it, they need lots of drill bits. The Electrician’s Drill Bit Kit has everything you need. It contains several spade bits. These bits are perfect for most jobs. For other jobs, the kit has auger bits, hole saw bits and wood augers. Also included are twelve twist bits.

Electrician’s Power Saw Set

This set includes three saws all electricians should have. The tough circular saw cuts through anything! The powerful reciprocating saw comes with five blades. Finally, the jigsaw is perfect for cutting.

Exercises

2. Read the text from the catalog. Then, mark the following statements as true (T)  or false (F).

1. __ The drill bit kit comes with a drill.

2. __ One spade bit is included with the set.

3. __ The jigsaw works best for straight lines.

3. Read the sentence pair. Choose where the words best fit the blanks.

1.  circular saw / reciprocating saw

    A  I need to change the blade on the ____________.

    B  The round blade fits on the ___________.

2.  twist bit / wood auger

   A   Use the ____________ to make a hole in the cupboard.

   B   A ____________ can be used on a variety of materials.

3.  spade bit / auger bit

  A   The sharp point of the __________ will work best.

  B   I need the longest _________ that is in the kit.

4. Match the words (1-4) with the definitions (A-D).

   1. ____ drill                          3. ______ hole saw bit

   2. ____ jigsaw                        4. ______ drill bit

A  the sharp end of a drill used to make holes

B  a metal tube-shaped drill bit with sharp edges used to cut rings

C  a saw with a thin blade that cuts straight and rounded edges

D  a tool that makes holes in different materials

4.     Specialized tools

1.     Read and translate the text.

www.zaptools.com Welcome to ZapTools!

ZapTools has the best selection and lowest prices on everything electricians need.

We carry specialized tools such as conduit benders, levels, fish tapes and stud punches. We also have the largest selection of lineman’s pliers on the Internet.

Be sure to check out our power tools too. We have saws and drills, including hammer drills. To go with the drills, we have specialized drill bits. We have the toughest brands of stepped drill bits and masonry drill bits.

We also sell electronic equipment for electricians. We have multimeters, plug in analyzers and labeling machines.

Exercises

2. Read the company webpage. Then, complete the table using information from the webpage.

Category	Tolls
1. Specialized
2. Power
3. Electronic

3. Fill in the blanks with the words and phrases from the word bank: fish tape,             level, multimeter, hammer drill, labeling machine

1. We used a ________________ to keep track of the wire connections.

2. The ____________showed the wire had a lot of voltage.

3. The wires were put behind the wall using a ______________.

4. Kate used a _______________to make sure the picture was straight.

5. The _________________ broke through the concrete quickly.

4. Read the sentence pair. Choose where the words best fit the blanks.

1.  lineman’s pliers/ stud punch

A Sam used a ___________ on the wall.

B) ________________ are good for cutting wires.

2. stepped drill bit/ masonry drill bit

A  I need a____________ to drill through the metal.

B  A ___________ will make a hole in the concrete.

3. plug-in analyzer/ conduit bender

A  The ____________ indicates there are some loose wires.

B  Mark the conduit before you use the__________ on it.

5.     Materials

1.     Read and translate the text.

Choosing the right drill for the job

Most jobs can be done using a simple rotary drill. It can be used for wood and plywood. It can also be used for drywall, plaster, copper and steel. Of course, you need to have the right drill bits too.

What about for harder materials like brick and concrete? A hammer drill works well for blocks, brick, mortar and stone. A rotary hammer works best for materials like concrete and cement.

Sometimes the terms hammer drill and rotary hammer are used to mean the same tool. However, a hammer drill chips away at the material. A rotary hammer pounds away at it to make a hole.

Exercises

1. Before you read the passage, talk about these questions.

1. What are some materials electricians work with on the job?

2. What are some tools electricians might need to work with those materials?

2. Read the trade magazine article. Then, complete the table using information from the article.

Drill Type	Material
Rotary drill	1
Hammer drill	2
Rotary hammer	3

3. Write a word that is similar in meaning to the underlined part.

1.  The substance that comes from trees was rotting.

_ o _ d

2.  Reddish brown metal pipes are often found in old homes.

_ _ p _ e _

3.  The ceiling was covered in a thin coat of a mixture of lime, sand and water.

p _ _ s _ _ r

4.  I tried drilling the mixture used to hold bricks or stones together but the drill bit broke.

_ _ r_ _ r

5. The workers used a mixture of ground limestone and clay for the outside of the building.

c _ _ _ n _

      4. Math the words (1-7 ) with definitions (A-G ).

1.  __ block             4.  __ brick                 7.  __ concrete

2.  __ stone             5.  __ plywood

3.   __steel             6.  __ drywall

A  a board made of plaster and covered in paper

B  a metal that is made from combining iron and carbon

C  a piece of material that is solid with flat surfaces on each side

D  a board made of thin layers of wood glued together

E  a hard material made with cement, small stones, sand and water

F  a block of clay that is baked until it is hard

G  the hard substance rocks are made from

6.     Safety

1.     Read and translate the text.

Be safe at work!

Working with electrical wiring is often dangerous. The proper safety equipment can save your life. Remember these tips:

1   Always protect your head, eyes, hands and feet. Never work without wearing the following items:

a     A hard hat

b     A pair of leather gloves

c     Steel toe boots

d     Safety glasses

2.   On the job, there is sometimes danger of electric shock or explosion. In these cases, dress properly. Wear the following:

a     An arc shield

b     Arc flash clothing

c     Electrical hot gloves

3.    When working with live wires, be extra careful. Protect yourself from shocks. Use an arc flash blanket and stand on a rubber mat. Finally, hold onto a hot stick.

Exercises

2. Read the safety poster. Then, mark the following statements as true (T) or (F).

1. __ Safety glasses should be worn if needed.

2. __ Arc flash clothing helps if there is an explosion.

3. __ Hold a hot stick when working with dead wires.

3. Choose the sentence that uses the underlined part correctly.

1. A James  put on leather gloves before picking up the hammer.

   B The electrician stood on the arc shield while working.

2. A Steel toe boots protect your feet if something falls on them.

   B A hot stick is worn when working with electricity.

3. A Oliver held on to the electrical hot gloves while touching the wire.

   B Marie put a hard hat on her head before entering the building.

4. Match the words (1-7) with the definitions (A-G).

1. __ arc shield                  5. __ electrical hot gloves

2. __ rubber mat                 6. __ arc flash blanket

3. __ hot stick                   7. __ arc flash clothing

4. __ safety glasses

A  clear glasses that are made of thick plastic

B   a blanket used to protect from explosions or shock

C   a fiberglass rod that protects from shocks

D   gloves made of rubber that protect from shocks

E    a mat made of rubber that electricians stand on

F    pants, shirts, jackets, and shoes designed to protect from scocks or explosions

G   a protective plastic shield for the eyes and fase

7.     Actions

1.     Read and translate the text.

Electrician

Occupations Outlook

The job of an electrician involves putting in and maintaining electrical power systems. This is done in homes and businesses.

The work of an electrician is occasionally demanding. Electricians must lift heavy objects and climb ladders.

The work may require them to bend, stand, kneel, or stoop down low for long periods.

To be successful, electricians need to work fast. In order to grab and release tools quickly, they wear a tool belt. To prevent electric shook, electricians usually turn off the power source before working. They turn on the power when they are done. Electricians also use sharp tools to split wires.

Exercises

2. Read the occupational manual. Then, mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F).

1.  __ Electricians are expected to work quickly.

2.  __ Electricians must wear helmets to work.

3.  __ Electricians work in homes and businesses.

3. Match the words (1-5) with the definitions (A-E).

1. __ lift                   4. __ turn on

2. __ stand                 5. __ release

3. __ stoop

A  to stop holding sometimes

B  to be in a vertical position

C  to make something work by giving it power

D  to move something up to a higher place

E  to bend forward while standing up

4. Choose the sentense that uses the underlined part correctly.

1.  A  He released the rope and didn’t let go.

   B   The electrician climbed the ladder.

2.  A   She split the check and paid it all herself.

   B   He can’t lift heavy weights since his accident.

3.  A  He grabbed the bag and ran away.

   B   I turned on the light so it would be dark.

4.  A  He stooped to reach the top of the shelf.

   B   Please turn off the TV before you leave.

5.  A  It’s hard to stand all day in an uncomfortable chair.

   B   I had to knell to pick up the papers on the floor.

8.     More Actions

1.     Read and translate the text.

Fixing Underground Wires

Fixing underground wires sounds difficult. But it’s actually simple. You just need to splice some wires.

To begin, switch off the electricity. Accidental shocks are always a risk when working with electricity. Next, test the electricity to make sure it is off. Push a button

on the same circuit. If it is safe, dig into the ground. Inspect the wires, and find the damaged part. Cut it off. Next, strip the insulation off the wires. Twist the ends of the wires together. Then, pull on them to make sure they are joined. If they are, bind the ends together with tape. After that, install I waterproof insulation plastic covering on the wires. Then connect the electricity.

Exercises

2.     Read the instructions for fixing underground wires. Then, choose the correct answers.

1. What are the instructions mostly about?

A why it is important to replace wires

B how to fix a damaged wire

C what insulation is made out of

D how to inspect an electric circuit

2. Why should the electricity be switched off?

A to make sure the wires aren't damaged

B to avoid getting shocked by the wires

C to make it easier to find the wires

D to check that the wires are connected

3. What is the last step in the instructions?

A strip the insulation from the wires

B inspect the underground wires

C install waterproof insulation

D turn on the electricity again

3.     Match the words (1-4) with the definitions (A-D).

1. _ install

2. _ inspect

3. _ connect

4. _ test

A to look at something closely

B to turn on power or electricity

C to try something to make sure it works

D to connect something so it can be used

4.     Read the sentence pair. Choose where the words best fit the blanks.

1. twist/ push

A If you ____ that wire too much, it will break.

B I had to the box up the hill.

2. pull/ bind

A The wagon has a handle so you can ____ it.

B I used string to ____ the flowers together.

3. stripped/ splice

A I tried to ____ the wires, but they wouldn't stay together.

B After he the wires, he threw the covering away.

9.     Numbers

1.     Read and translate the text.

How do they say it?
Symbol/ Number	Interpretation/ Pronunciation	Example
=	is, equals, comes to	½ = 0.5 one half equals point five
+	and, plus, add	10+5=15 ten and five comes to fifteen
-	minus, less, subtract	10-5=5 ten less five is five
*	times, multiplied by	10*5=50 Ten times five equals fifty
/	over, divided by	10/5=2 ten divided by five is two
7/8	seven eighth	1/8 the cable measured one eighth of a meter
1,200	one thousand two hundred or twelve hundred	The repair cost twelve hundred dollars

Exercises

2.     Read the chart. Then, mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F).

1.  ___ Eight less two means the same thing as eight minus two.

2. ___Seven times six equals seven plus six.

3. ___ 3/8 is pronounced three times eight.

3.     Fill in the blanks with the words and phrases from the word bank.

add   times  plus    comes to    hundred

1. Three ____ two is six.

2. Four plus seven eleven.

3. Fifty twenty equals thirty.

4. One thousand plus four hundred is fourteen

5. To get ten, _ ___ three and seven.

6. Fifteen two is seventeen.

4.     Read the sentence and choose the correct word.

1. One fourth/ times is equal to 0.25.

2. Nine over/ less eight equals one.

3. Start with seven. Subtract/ Add three. This

equals four.

4. Six multiplied by/ divided by two is twelve.

5. Six over/ plus three equals two.

6. Twenty less/ divided by four equals five.

7. Five plus six equals/ over eleven.

10.  Measurements

1. Read and translate the text.

Know Your Measurements

Fasteners and tools use imperial measurements or metric, and knowing the difference is important. It prevents you from rounding off a fastener, damaging tools, or causing injury. If you don’t know an item’s size, use a micrometer or other caliper to measure it. Check centimeters or millimeters for metric tools. Look at inches for imperial tools.

You will also need to know larger measurements, such as feet, yards, and meters. These measurements are often used in building plans.

Temperature measurements are also important to know. Some countries measure degress using the Fahrenheit scale and others use the Celsius scale. You may need to convert from one scale to the other.

Exercises

2. Read the magazine article about measurements. Then, mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F).

1.  __  Millimeters are often used in building plans.

2.  __  Inches are used for imperial tools.

3.  __  Using the wrong size tool can cause injury.

3. Match the words (1-8) with the definitions (A-H).

1.  __  degree                                  5.  __ convert

2.  __  yard                                    6.  __ Celsius

3.  __  imperial                                7.  __ centimeter

4.  __  round off                               8.  __ micrometer

A  to change from one system into another

B  a metric measure of length or distance

C  a unit used to measure temperature

D  to damage a screw or bolt

E  a tool that measures small distances

F  the system that uses inches

G  a measurement equaling three feet

H  the metric temperature scale

4. Write a word that is similar in meaning to the underlined part.

1. Jack needs two units equaling twelve inches of steel gauge wire.  _ e _ t

2. I have imperial wrenches, but I need one that is part of the system based on the meter. _ e_ _ i c

3. The board measured three units of measurement equal to 39 inches across. 

m _ _ e _ _

4. The size of the screw was eight units equal to 1/10 of a centimeter.

_ _ I I _ m _ _ _ r s

5. The thermometer measures both non- metric temperature scale and Celsius.

_ _ h _ _ n _ _ _ t

6. How many units of imperial length is that cable? i _ _ _ e s

11.  Elements of Electricity

1.     Read and translate the text.

Do you want to be an electrician?

Do you want to have a high voltage summer?

In this course, students learn the basics of electricity. They start by learning about electrons, the source of electricity. Then, they study electric currents. For instance, they learn the differences between AC and DC. Students also learn the different units of measurement. They will be able to calculate amperes, volts and watt in a circuit. The class will even use ohms to calculate resistance. By the end students will have all the basics. They will be on their way to being great electricians!

2.     Read the college course catalog describing an electricity class. Then, mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F).

   1. ___Students will learn how to calculate measurements for electricity.

      2.____The class is for anyone who works as an electrician.

      3.____Students should understand currents before they enter the class.

3.     Match the words (1-6) with the definitions (A-F).

1.___ voltage           2.___AC

3.___ DC               4.___ohm

5. ___current           6.___ volt

A a measurement of the force of electricity

B a current that flows in two directions

C a measurement showing resistance

D the quantity of electricity in a wire

E the strength of moving electricity

F a current that flows in one direction

4.     Fill in the blanks with the words from the word bank.

electron     resistance    watt     amperes

1. A(n) ____ is too small to see without a powerful microscope.

2. Many wires are made out of copper because of its low.

3. A(n) ____ measures how much electrical power is being used.

4.  A common way to measure electric current is ______.

12.  Electrical safety

1. Read and translate the text.

Electrical safety

Although electricity is a part of everyday life, it still has many hazards. Following a few simple safety rules can save your life.

Electricity shocks people when their bodies become part of an electrical path between

·        A live wire and the ground

                       or

·        Two live wires with opposite charges

Being shocked can cause serious burns. It can also paralyze muscles.

Electrocution is also a major risk when working with electricity.

To reduce electrical safety hazards always

·        De-energize power sources before working with electrical equipment

·        Follow lockout/ tagout procedures

Remember: all electricity, including static electricity, can be dangerous. Never take risks.

Exercises

2. Read the safety pamphlet. Then, mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F).

1.  __ Static electricity is not dangerous.

2.  __ Lockout/ tagout procedures cause electrocution.

3.  __ Electric shocks can paralyze muscles.

3. Read the sentence pair. Choose where the words best fit the blanks.

1. burn/ live wire

A   Touching a ____________ is very dangerous.

B    A serious _____________ should be seen by a doctor.

2.     de- energize/ electrocution

A   Electricians _____________ sockets before they work on them.

B      ___________ can be prevented by following safety rules.

3.     risk/ static electricity

A ___________ often builds up on door knobs.

B  There is always a ___________ of getting hurt at work.

4. Fill in the blanks with the words from the word bank.

electron    resistance    watt       amperes

1. A(n) ___________ is too small see without a powerful microscope.

2. Many wires are made out of copper because of its low ____________.

3. A(n) ___________ measure how mush electrical power is being used.

4. A commons way to measure electric current is ____________.          

13.  Types of Wires

1.     Read and translate the text.

There are many different types of electrical wire and cable. Knob and tube (K& T) wiring is one of the oldest types of wiring. Older types of cable are armored cable (AC) and metal-clad (MC) cable. Both of these are insulated by steel. These were replaced in newer construction by nonmetallic (NM) sheath cable. However, replacement is not required if the wire or cable jacket is still good. Check them to make sure there is no bare conductor or wire showing. Underground feeder (UF) cable and service entrance (SE) cable are used outdoors. However, SE cable is only approved for above-ground use.

2.     Read the excerpt from a magazine article. Then, choose the correct answers.

1. What is the main idea of the article?

A Wiring in older houses is dangerous.

B Metal-clad cable is not recommended in

homes.

C Several types of wires and cables can be

found in buildings.

D Indoor and outdoor wires vary from each

other.

2. Which of the following is NOT true according to the article?

A Armored cable is a newer kind of wire.

B NM cable is found in newer buildings.

C Wires are unsafe in old buildings

D SE cable is not used underground.

3. When do older wires need to be replaced?

A when they are found in older homes

B when NM cable is available for use

C when bare wires or conductors are seen

D when they are used for service entrances

3.     Match the words (1-6) with the definitions (A-F).

1 _ SE cable

2 _ knob and tube

3 _ armored cable

4 _ NM sheath cable

5 _ UF cable

6 _ metal-clad cable

A  a cable with an insulating material like

thermoplastic

B  wires that run through porcelain covers found

in old homes

C  wires for above ground use encased in a PVC

jacket

D  wires in steel insulation with a grounding wire

E  wires for underground, wet areas in a thermoplastic jacket

F  wires encased in spiraled steel or aluminum

4.      Read the sentence pair. Choose where the words best fit the blanks.

1. conductor/ jacket

A It looks like the ______ is bare.

B The _______is cracked.

2. required/ insulated

A Modern wires should always be ______

B UF or SE cable are _____ for outdoor wiring.

14.  Wire Codes

1.     Read and translate the text.

Reading Wire Codes

Wiring codes are complicated. Here are some tips to make your job simpler.

1.Before installing any wire, read the gauge. Each wire has a number embossed on its sheath. The number refers to the diameter of the wire.

2.Know the rating for wire gauges. Wires with larger numbers are lesser in diameter. So, zero, or ought gauge wire has a bigger diameter than a 14 gauge.

3. Remember that different kinds of wires go in different locations. An ‘H’ on a wire means the maximum amount of heat it can stand is 165 Fahrenheit. A ‘W’ means you can put it in a damp area. It is water resistant.

2.     Read the cheat sheet about wiring codes. Then, choose the correct answers.

1. What is the purpose of the cheat sheet?

A to help electricians choose the right wires

B to explain why wiring codes are complicated

C to give advice about the best kind of wire

D to give an example of why following the codes is important

2. What is NOT a tip given on the cheat sheet?

A Large gauge wires are wider in diameter.

B Certain wires are used for specific locations.

C Wires are marked on the protective casing.

D Wires are rated depending on thickness.

3. What should electricians do before installing a wire?

A find a good location

B read the wire's heat marking

C determine the wire gauge

D inspect the water resistant marking

3.     Match the words (1-6) with the definitions (A-F).

1. ___ diameter           2. ____ rating            

3. ___ ought              4. ____ sheath

5. ___ gauge              6._____code

A  set of letters or numbers that give information

B  a device that shows the measurement of an object

C  a list that rates an object on its worth

D  nothing or zero

E  a protective covering

F  a line that shows the width of a circle

4.     Fill in the blanks with the words from the word bank.

resistant      embossed       maximum          location

1. I want to keep the ____ of the party a secret.

2. The ______amount of weight for the ride is 250 pounds.

3. The wires are heat ____ up to 200 degrees.

4. I had the watch _____ with her name.

15.  Wire Connectors

1.     Read and translate the text.

Waterproof Connector

Most wire connectors have a thermoplastic shell and a spring inside. The color  depends on the gauge of the wire.

Which Wire Connector is Right for You?

Ask these questions:

Is the wire indoors?

YES Try ordinary twist-on or crimp-on connectors.

NO Try underground or waterproof connectors to protect the wires outdoors.

Can you twist the wires?

YES Try an ordinary twist-on connector, or a winged connector for extra leverage.

NO Try a twist-on connector.

2.     Read the store webpage on wire connectors. Then, choose the correct answers.

1. What is the main purpose of the webpage?

A  to explain how a wire connector works

B  to help someone choose the right wire connector

C  to show that waterproof connectors protect the wires

D  to show how a wire connector is used

2. Which of the following is NOT true according to the webpage?

A  Use push-in connectors when you can't twist the wires.

B  Underground connectors protect wires outdoors.

C  Crimp-on and twist-on connectors are both used indoors.

D  Make a grounding connection with an underground connector.

3. What does the color of a wire connector depend on?

A  the voltage of the wire C the gauge of the wire

B  the number of wires D the type of shell

3.     Match the words (1-6) with the definitions (A-F).

1. ___spring               2. ___ thermoplastic

3. ___ twist-on connector  4.___ push-in connector

5. ___ crimp-on connector 6 ___shell

A  a fire-resistant material

B  the outer part of the connector that protects wires

C  a connector that uses holes instead of twisting to splice wires

D  a connector that is put into place with a special tool

E  a connector that splices wires together by twisting

F  the part of the connector that creates pressure to tightly splice wires

4.     Read the sentence pair. Choose where the words best fit the blanks.

1. waterproof connector/ underground connector

A  He needed a(n) for the wires he planned to bury.

B  It is best to use a ____ when there's a possibility wires may get wet.

2. grounding connector / winged connector

A  Using a is a good way to prevent shocks.

B  A is easier to tighten than other types.

Glossary

AC, or alternating current, is a type of electric current that constantly flows back and forth in different directions.

add, to add numbers is to combine them.

allen wrench, an allen wrench is an L-shaped piece of metal with a six-sided head used to tighten screws and bolts.

ampere, an ampere is a unit of measurement for electricity.

and, And is used when combining or adding numbers. For example, one and one equals two.

arc flash blanket [N-COUNT-U6] An arc flash blanket is a blanket electricians use to protect themselves from

electrical blasts and fires.

arc flash clothing [N-UNCOUNT-U6] Arc flash clothing is pants, shirts, jackets, and shoes designed to protect

electricians from electric shock.

arc shield [N -COUNT-U6] An arc shield is a protective plastic shield for the eyes and face that fits onto a hard hat.

armored cable (AC) [N-COUNT-U13] An armored cable (AC) is a wire encased in a spiraled steel insulation with

no grounding wires.

auger bit [N-COUNT-U3] An auger bit is a bit that cuts into wood. These bits are usually from 17 to 25 centimeters long.

bind [V-T-U8] To bind is to put two things together with rope or tape.

block [N-COUNT-U5] A block is a piece of stone, wood or other material that is solid with flat surfaces on each side.

brick [N -COUNT-U5] A brick is a block of clay that is baked until it is hard and used for building.

burn [N-COUNT-U12] A burn is a painful injury to the body caused by heat.

caliper [N-COUNT-U10] A caliper is a small measuring device.

Celsius [N -UNCOUNT-U1 OJ Celsius is the metric temperature scale where water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at

100 degrees.

cement [N-UNCOUNT-U5] Cement is a mixture of ground limestone and clay.

centimeter [N-COUNT-U10] A centimeter is a metric unit that measures length or distance, equal to ten millimeters.

circular saw [N-COUNT-U3] A circular saw is an electric or gas-operated saw with a round blade.

climb [V-T-U?] To climb is to ascend or move up towards the top of something.

code [N-COUNT-U14] A code is a set of numbers or letters that gives information about something.

come to [V PHRASE-U9] To come to a number is to equal that number.

concrete [N-UNCOUNT-U5] Concrete is a hard material made by combining cement, small stones, sand and water.

conductor [N-COUNT-U13] A conductor is a wire. It is the metal part of a cable that carries electricity.

conduit bender [N-COUNT-U4] A conduit bender is an instrument that twists objects made of metal.

connect [V-T -U8] To connect is to plug in or turn on electricity or power.

convert [V-T-U1 OJ To convert something is to change it from one state or mode into another.

copper [N-UNCOUNT -US] Copper is a reddish brown metal that is often used for pipes or wires.

crimper [N-COUNT-U2] A crimper is a tool used for pushing connectors around bare wires.

crimp-on connector [N -COUNT-U15] A crimp-on connector is a type of connector that is fixed in place by using

a crimping tool.

current [N-COUNT-U11] A current is the quantity of electricity that is flowing in a wire at a specific time.

vk.com/englishlibrary

DC [N-UNCOUNT-U11J DC, or direct current, is a type of electricity that goes in one direction, not two.

de-energize [V-T-U12J To de-energize is to prevent power from reaching an object, especially electrical equipment.

degree [N -COUNT-U10J A degree is a unit that is used to measure temperature.

diagonal cutters [N-PLURAL-U1J Diagonal cutters are pliers that are only used for cutting wire and do not grip.

diameter [N -COUNT-U14J The diameter of a circle is an imaginary line that runs through it showing its width.

divided by [V PHRASE-U9J If a number is divided by a second number, you calculate how many times the second

number goes into it.

drill [N-COUNT-U3J A drill is a machine used to make holes in different kinds of material.

drill bit [N-COUNT-U3J A drill bit is the sharp end of a drill used to cut into objects to make holes.

drywall [N -UNCOUNT-USJ Drywall is a board made of plaster and covered in paper that is used in building.

duct tape [N-UNCOUNT-U2J Duct tape is a kind of tape made of mesh that is used to seal air ducts.

electric shock (N-COUNT-U6J An electric shock is a shock of electricity to the body.

electrical hot gloves [N-PLURAL-U6J Electrical hot gloves are gloves made of rubber that protect electricians

from electric shock.

electrical tape [N-UNCOUNT-U2J Electrical tape is a kind of tape made of plastic or vinyl that is used to insulate

electrical wires.

electrocution [N -UNCOUNT-U12J Electrocution is death or injury caused by electricity running through the body.

electron [N-COUNT-U11J An electron is a small part of an atom that contains a negative charge.

embossed [ADJ-U14J If an object is embossed, it has a pattern, number or design engraved on it.

end cutting pliers [N-PLURAL-U1J End cutting pliers are pliers used for pulling out staples etc.

equal [V-T-U9J If the answer to a mathematical problem equals a number, it is that number.

Fahrenheit [N-UNCOUNT-U1 OJ Fahrenheit is the non-metric temperature scale where water freezes at 32 degrees

and water boils at 212 degrees.

fish tape [N -COUNT-U4 J A fish tape is a long, metal instrument that electricians use to put electrical wires in walls.

flashlight [N-COUNT-U1J A flashlight is a small, battery operated light that can be carried around.

foot [N-COUNT-U1 OJ A foot is a unit of length that equals 12 inches.

gauge [N-COUNT-U14J A gauge is a device which calculates and shows the amount or degree of what is inside an

object, such as a gas tank or wire.

grab [V-T-U?J To grab something is to take hold of it suddenly.

grounding connector [N-COUNT-U15J A grounding connector is for making ground connections. It is used for

splicing wires that need to be grounded.

hacksaw [N-COUNT-U2J A hacksaw is a saw with a thin blade used to cut through metal.

hammer [N-COUNT-U2J A hammer is a tool with a metal top used for hitting nails or other objects.

hammer drill [N-COUNT-U4J A hammer drill is a machine which hits a hard substance (like cement) repeatedly to

break it apart.

hard hat [N -COUNT -U6J A hard hat is a protective hat made of strong plastic.

hazard [N-COUNT-U12J A hazard is a known danger.

hole saw bit [N-COUNT-U3J A hole saw bit is a metal tube-shaped drill bit with sharp edges used to cut rings into objects.

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36

Glossary

hot stick [N-COUNT-U6] A hot stick is a fiberglass rod that electricians use to protect themselves from shocks

when they are working with wires.

hundred [N -COUNT-U9] A hundred is combined with another number to express numbers in the thousands. For

example, the number 2,300 could be stated twenty-three hundred.

imperial [ADJ-U10] If something is imperial, it involves the system of measurement based on the inch and the pound.

inch [N -COUNT-U1 OJ An inch is an imperial unit that measures length or distance.

inspect [V-T-U8] To inspect is to look at or analyze something carefully.

install [V-T-U8] To install is to arrange, connect or put something in a certain place so you can use it.

insulated [ADJ-U13] If a wire is insulated, then it is protected from touching other wires. This helps prevent fires

and short circuiting.

is [V-T-U9] If something is something else, they are equal.

jacket [N -COUNT-U13] A jacket is the insulated sheath that protects the wires from touching each other or getting

too hot.

jigsaw [N-COUNT-U3] A jigsaw is an electric or gas-operated saw with a thin blade, which cuts straight and

rounded edges into objects.

kneel [V-l-U7] To kneel is to support oneself on one or both knees.

knob and tube (K& T) wiring [N-UNCOUNT-U13] Knob and tube (K& T) wiring is wires encased in porcelain knobs

and tubes. It is usually found in older homes.

labeling machine [N-COUNT-U4] A labeling machine is an instrument electricians use to make labels for different

objects.

leather gloves [N-PLURAL-U6] Leather gloves are gloves that are made of leather and used to protect the hands.

less [PREP-U9] Less is used when taking a number away from another.

level [N -COUNT-U4] A level is a tool electricians use to ensure they install things in a straight line.

lift [V-T-U7] To lift something is to move it to a higher position.

lineman's pliers [N-PLURAL-U4] Lineman's pliers are tools workers use to twist and slice wires.

live wire [N-COUNT-U12] A live wire is a wire with electrical energy running through it.

location [N -COUNT-U14] A location is a place or site.

lockout/tagout procedure [N-COUNT-U12] A lockout/tagout procedure is when a lock is placed on a power

source after it has been turned off and a label is placed on the equipment to show that it has been locked.

long nose (needle nose) pliers [N -PLURAL-U1] Long nose pliers are pliers with long blades able to grip or cut

through wires.

masonry drill bit [N-COUNT-U4] A masonry drill bit is a bit that is made to drill through hard surfaces like stone

or concrete. It is usually used with a hammer drill.

maximum [ADJ-U14] Maximum is the most of something that is achievable.

measuring tape [N -COUNT-U1] A measuring tape is a tool with a long piece of thin metal, paper or plastic with

numbers on it.

metal-clad (MC) cable [N-UNCOUNT-U13] Metal-clad (MC) cable is wires encased in steel insulation, and it has a

green ground wire inside the metal jacket.

meter [N -COUNT-U10] A meter is a unit of length that measures 100 centimetres or 39 inches.

metric [ADJ-U10] If something is metric, it involves the system of measurement based on the meter and the kilogram.

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micrometer [N-COUNT-U1 OJ A micrometer is a type of caliper with a calibrated screw used to measure small distances.

millimeter [N-COUNT-U10] A millimeter is a metric unit that measures length or distance, equal to 1/10 of a centimeter.

minus [PREP-U9] Minus is used when taking away a number from another.

mortar [N -UNCOUNT-US] Mortar is a mixture of sand, water and lime used to hold bricks or stones in place.

multimeter [N-COUNT-U4] A multimeter is a device used to determine a wire's amount of voltage and power.

multiplied by [V PHRASE-U9] If a number is multiplied by another, it is added onto itself that number of times.

nonmetallic (NM) sheath cable [N-UNCOUNT-U13] Nonmetallic (NM) sheath cable is wires in a non-metal jacket.

The jacket is made of a material like thermoplastic.

nut driver [N-COUNT-U2] A nut driver is a tool used for tightening nuts.

ohm [N -COUNT-U11] An ohm is a unit of measurement showing electrical resistance.

ought [N-UNCOUNT-U14] Ought is nothing or nil.

over [PREP-U9] If one number over another number, it is divided by that number.

paralyze [V-T-U12] To paralyze is to freeze the muscles so they cannot move.

Phillips screwdriver [N -COUNT-U2] A Phillips screwdriver is a tool used to tighten screws that have a cross-shaped

head.

plaster [N-UNCOUNT-US] Plaster is a mixture of lime, sand and water used in buildings to cover walls and ceilings.

plug-in analyzer [N -COUNT-U4] A plug-in analyzer is a machine used to check circuits to make sure they are

correctly installed and safe.

plus [PREP-U9] Plus is used when adding numbers.

plywood [N -UNCOUNT-US] Plywood is a board made of thin layers of wood that are glued together.

pull [V-T-U8] To pull is to put force on an object in order to move it closer to you.

push [V-T-U8] To push is to put force on an object in order to move it away from you.

push-in connector [N-COUNT-U15] Instead of twisting, wires are pushed in through holes in the push-in connector.

rating [N-COUNT-U14] A rating is a list grading and comparing objects on their worth, usefulness or value.

reciprocating saw [N-COUNT-U3] A reciprocating saw is an electric or gas-operated saw that has a few

different blades which can be switched.

release [V-T-U7] To release something is to let it free or let it go.

replace [V-T-U13] To replace is to take away an old wire and put a new wire in its place.

resistance [N-UNCOUNT-U11] Electrical resistance is the way certain substances work against electricity.

resistant [ADJ-U14] If an object is resistant, it is not affected by certain things such as heat or water.

risk [N-COUNT-U12] A risk is a chance that something bad will happen.

rotary drill [N-COUNT-US] A rotary drill is a drill that moves in circles to cut something.

rotary hammer [N-COUNT-US] A rotary hammer hits things hard, while turning, to drill into something.

round off [V PHRASE-U10] To round off a screw or bolt is to damage it so that it cannot be moved properly with

normal tools.

rubber mat [N -COUNT -U6] A rubber mat is a mat made of rubber that electricians stand on to protect themselves

from electric shock.