So today we are going to continue talking about Past Perfect. Past
Perfect Өткен шақтағы (Past Indefinite) have –
had көмекші етістігі мен мағыналы еті
стіктің өткен шақтағы есімшесі (Past Participle –
V3(PII)) арқылы жасалады. had етістігі жақ бойынша өзгермейді.
Баяндауыштың формуласы:
Өткен шақтағы белгілі бір уақытқа дейін аяқталған оқиғаны білдіреді.
Оқиға байланысты болуы мүмкін:
I had learned all the words by six o'clock. – Сағат 6-ға дейін мен барлық сөздерді жаттап алдым.
He had completed his work by five o'clock. – Ол сағат 5-ке дейін өз жұмысын аяқтады.
Оmar had learned English before he came to America. –
Омар Америкаға келгенше ағылшын тілін үйренді.
I saw that my friends had gone. – Мен достарымның әлдеқашан кетіп қалғанын көрдім.
•
Көмекші
сөздер:
•
By
that time (сол уақытта)
•
By 5
p.m. (5-ке жақын)
•
By
Wednesday (Сәрсенбіге)
•
Before
the party (мейрамға дейін)
•
When
I came (мен келгенде…)
•
When
he phoned (мен звандағанда …)
•
Before
the concert began (концерт басталғанға дейін…)
Now I will tell you one case that I had. I have had a bad couple of
days. My house has been burgled. I usually build it up a little bit first
with a story about how I finished work late and then I had problems on the
way home and then couldn’t believe my eyes when I got home.
When I arrived home I realized I’d been burgled. I couldn’t believe
my eyes. The burglars:
had broken down the door
had left my papers and photos all over the floor
had locked my dog in the cellar/shed had taken my... ( a special
item)
had smashed a window
had stolen my laptop
had eaten the cake I’d bought for my (friend/daughter/wife)’s
birthday
had urinated all over the floor
Together as a class get students to remember the various events and
write up the list on the board. Then spend some time thinking about the form
and meaning.
Do students know the name of this tense? (past perfect)
How is it formed? (had + past participle)
Why do we use this tense and not the simple past in this example?
(How could we tell the same story using only the simple past? (The burglars
broke down the door. They stole the laptop etc. The teacher arrived home.)
Why do we use the past perfect in this story?
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