Приложение.
LONDON
We want to tell you
about the capital of England, London. There are many Interesting places to
visit.
BIG BEN
Big Ben is one of the most famous clocks in the world. It is a symbol
of London and Britain.
TOWER OF LONDON.
The
Tower of London is very old. It was a fortress, a royal palace and a prison.
Today it’s a museum.
WESTMINISTER ABBEY.
Westminster Abbey is the most
well-known English churh. Many important ceremonies take place there.
Holidays in England.
There are a lot of
holidays in England. One of the famous religious holiday is
EASTER.
It is celebrated at the end of winter and at the
beginning of spring. People give each other chocolate eggs.
CHRISTMAS
The most favourite holiday is Christmas. It is
celebrated on the 25th of December. People decorate Christmas
trees, buy presents. A traditional meal is roast turkey and Christmas pudding.
HALLOWEEN.
Another popular holiday is Halloween. It is celebrated
on the 31st of October. People decorated their houses with pumpkins
and sceletons. Children dress in
costumes go from door to door saying «trick or treat».
LITERATURE.
There are a lot of famous writers in English
Literature. Lewis Carroll is one of the well-known writers. He is famous for
his famous book for children "Alice in a Wonderland".
MEALS.
The English are very particular about their meals. A
traditional English breakfast is bacon and eggs. A traditional Christmas meal
is roast turkey and Christmas pudding.
SOUVENIRS
Tourists can buy beautiful souvenirs in London. Often in shops touristsu can buy figurs of Big Ben, double-decker
buses, mugs, magnets, pencils, soft toys
with the flag and symbol of London.
London is one of the
largest and most beautiful cities in the world. It is open to guests from all
over the world. It's great fun to visit London.
Welcome to London!
KAZAN.
We want to tell you about
Tatarstan, one of the biggest republics of Russia. There are two state
languages in Tatarstan: Russian and Tatar.
The capital of Tatarstan
is Kazan. It is located on the left bank of the Volga river and was founded in
1177 by the Bulgar tzar Ibrahim. It is a big political, economic and cultural
centre. Kazan is also the cultural centre. There are many libraries, theatres,
museums, monuments and other places of interest in it.
The Kazan Kremlin.
Kazan is famous for the Kazan Kremlin. It is unique because historically and
architecturally it discovers the history between several cultures and
civilizations.
The Kazan Kremlin is the only surviving Tatar fortress.
Nowadays the Kazan Kremlin symbolizes the nation’s history, its culture and
traditions. In 2000 the Kazan Kremlin became a monument of UNESCO World
Heritage.
Kul Sharif.
The
Kul Sharif mosque is one of the main mosques of the Republic of Tatarstan and
Kazan . It is located in the Western part of the Kazan Kremlin. Many important
ceremonies take place there.
Suyumbike’s
Tower.
Suyumbike’s tower is the
main symbol of Kazan. According to the legend, Ivan the Terrible learned about
the tsarina’s Suyumbike beauty. But Suyumbike refused the Russian tsar. Then
Ivan the Terrible went to Kazan and conquered it. Suyumbike agreed to marry the
Terrible but on one condition – He had to build the highest tower in Kazan in 7
days. By the end of the 7-th day the tower had been built. Suyumbike rose to
the top of it and threw herself. In memory of this event people called the
tower after Suyumbike.
Holidays
in Tatarstan
There are many national holidays in Kazan.
Sabantuy is one of the most popular festivals in
Tatarstan. It
is "a celebration of the plough" (in the
Tatar language "saban" means
«plough" and "tuy" means
"festival"). This holiday takes place at the
beginning of summer, after the first haymaking.
During this festival
there are a lot of competitions. The most exciting
are the horse racings.
Another popular competition is koresh. At the end
they choose a winner. He is usually given a good prize.
There are also a lot of
funny competitions and sport games, for example, egg-races,
"running-in-bags" races. Climbing up a high pole is rather difficult,
but very funny.
Kurban-Bayram
Kurban-Bayram
is the biggest Muslim holiday. The essence of the holiday is bringing
sacrifices. (Суть праздника
заключается
в принесении
жертвы)
According to the story from the Koran, Abraham tried to sacrifice his son
Ishmael. For this devotion God rewarded Abraham, he sent him a lamb.
Rules
of the holiday prescribe to treat everyone, and especially to the poor. In the
following after the feast days are required to visit relatives and friends.( Правила
праздника предписывают угощать всех, а в первую очередь бедных. В следующие
после праздника дни необходимо посещать родственников и друзей.)
"
Nauruz"
" Nauruz" means
the "New Year Day". It is a very old festival. This festival takes
place on the 21st of March. On this day the daytime is as long as night. Days
become longer and nights become shorter. This holiday symbolizes the end of
darkness and the victory of the light over the evil. It is a bright and
unforgettable festival.
People choose the most
beautiful girl. She is called "Nauruz-bikeh". She drives throughout
the town in a coach, decorated with flowers, bright ribbons and bells.
Everywhere people greet her cheerfully. People sing songs and dance.
Literature
There
are a lot of famous writers in Tatar Literature. Gabdulla Tukai is Tatar
well-known poet, literary critic, publicist and translator. He is famous for
his fairy tales “Шурале”, “Водяная”.
MEALS
Echpochmak
Tatar meals are very tasty. One of their favourite
meal is "ishpishmak". It is a triangle-shaped pie with chopped meat,
potatoes and some onion.
Gubadiya
Gubadiya is one of the main treats
for large celebrations. Губадия
is a round cake with kort, rice, eggs and raisins.
Chak-chak
Chak-chak is Tatar
sweetness, which is a pastry with honey. It is very tasty with tea.
SOUVENIRS
Tourists can buy beautiful souvenirs in Kazan. One of
the national souvenirs are
Chuvyaki
Chuvyaki are soft leather
shoes without heels. They are very comfortable.
Tyuybeteika.
Also you can buy Tatar
national headdress tyubeteika. It is a round cap with embroidered patterns.
Kazan
Cat.
You can buy a small souvenir of Kazan cat. It is a
monument in Kazan, in the middle of the Bauman street.
I’m very proud of my Motherland and I’ll be very happy
to show it to my foreign friends. Kazan is open to guests from all over the
world. It's great fun to visit Kazan.
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