Работа с текстами. Подготовка учащихся к сдаче ЕГЭ
При подготовке учащихся к сдаче экзамена в формате ЕГЭ необходимо
обращать внимание на работу с текстами различных типов и жанров. Помимо тестов
учебника часто использую статьи из англоязычных газет и журналов, справочников,
материалов Internet.
Ежегодные демонстрационные варианты КИМов позволяют заранее
ознакомить учащихся с видами заданий экзамена по всем разделам. Это помогает
активизировать обучение стратегии работы с различными заданиями.
Раздел «Чтение» ЕГЭ включает в основном задания на установление
соответствий, множественный выбор, заполнение пропусков, установление
логической последовательности.
При обучении различным видам чтения использую подобные задания, а
также упражнения на исправление логических и информационных ошибок, заполнение
многообразных таблиц, схем, информационных неравенств. На уроках
предлагаю выполнять ребятам задания, оформленные точно так же как и материалы
ЕГЭ, обращаю внимание на соблюдение отведённого для чтения времени. Это
помогает приучить учащихся к формату экзамена, подготовить их психологически к
его сдаче.
Считаю, что приведённые в этой статье тексты позволят расширить
кругозор учащихся, обогатить их социокультурные знания. Тексты различной
сложности и, соответственно, задания разного характера помогут проводить
дифференцированную работу на уроке, организовать работу в группах и парах.
В презентации предлагаю наглядные материалы, используемые при
проведении уроков данного цикла (В.П.Кузовлев Unit 2 “Western Democracies.
Are
They
Democratic?” Lesson 2 “How
Much Power Does the American president Have?”)
White House, 1831
White House, official
residence of the president of the United States, built in its original form
between 1792 and 1800, and situated at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, D.C. It has been known variously as the President's Palace, the President's
House, and the Executive Mansion, but has always been most popularly known as
the White House. This designation became official in 1901, when Theodore
Roosevelt had the name imprinted on his stationery The White House has been the
home of every president in American history with the exception of George
Washington, who approved the act that led to its construction. Although it has
been subject to numerous renovations and additions, it has retained its
classical simplicity.
The White House
was designed by the Irish-American architect James Hoban. Constructed of Virginia sandstone, the main building is a stately white edifice built in the classical
style associated with the 16th-century Italian architect Andrea Palladio. On
the ground floor are cloakrooms, a china room, the kitchen, and the library. On
the first floor are the formal state rooms, which are open to the public. The
private apartments of the president occupy the second floor of the main
building, and the third floor consists chiefly of guest rooms and staff
quarters.
During the War of
1812, British troops set fire to the structure on August 4, 1814, destroying
the interior. Hoban supervised its reconstruction, which was completed in 1817,
and also added the south portico. The White House was substantially renovated
between 1948 and 1952, during the administration of Harry S. Truman, and
refurnished a decade later, during the administration, of John F. Kennedy. A
permanent art collection was assembled for the Executive Mansion, and in 1964
Lyndon B. Johnson issued an executive order establishing the Committee for the
Preservation of the White House.
"White
House," Microsoft(R) Encarta(R) 97 Encyclopedia, (c) 1993-1996 Microsoft
Corporation.
Установите
соответствия между датами и событиями. Используйте букву только один раз. Одна
информация лишняя.
Запишите ответы в
таблицу:
|
|
Date
|
|
Event
|
|
1.
|
1792-1800
|
A
|
The Committee for the
preservation of the White House was established
|
|
2.
|
1814
|
B
|
Hoban supervised the
construction of the White House.
|
|
3.
|
1817
|
C
|
The White House was built
in its original form
|
|
4.
|
1901
|
D
|
The name (the White House)
became official
|
|
5.
|
1948-1952
|
E
|
The reconstruction was
completed
|
|
6.
|
1958-1962
|
F
|
The White House was
renovated
|
|
7.
|
1964
|
G
|
The interior was destroyed
|
|
|
|
H
|
The White House was
refurnished
|
|
|
Date
|
|
Event
|
|
|
1792-1800
|
|
The White House was built
in its original form
|
|
|
1814
|
|
The interior was destroyed
|
|
|
1817
|
|
The reconstruction was
completed
|
|
|
1901
|
|
The name (the White House)
became official
|
|
|
1948-1952
|
|
The White House was
renovated
|
|
|
1958-1962
|
|
The White House was
refurnished
|
|
|
1964
|
|
The Committee for the
preservation of the White House was established
|
Заполните таблицу
недостающей информацией из текста:
|
Date
|
Event
|
|
1792-1800
|
?
|
|
?
|
The interior was destroyed
|
|
1817
|
?
|
|
?
|
The name (the White House)
became official
|
|
1948-1952
|
?
|
|
?
|
The White House was
refurnished
|
|
?
|
The Committee for the
preservation of the White House was established
|
Найдите в тексте
описание событий, произошедших в эти годы. Заполните информацию в таблицу:
|
Date
|
Event
|
|
1792-1800
|
|
|
1814
|
|
|
1817
|
|
|
1901
|
|
|
1948-1952
|
|
|
1958-1962
|
|
|
1964
|
|
Заполните таблицу
информацией из текста:
|
What Who
|
Action
|
When
|
Where
|
Who by
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Найдите в тексте информацию
об этих людях.
|
Name
|
Action
|
|
Theodore Roosevelt
|
|
|
George Washington
|
|
|
James Hoban
|
|
|
Andrea Palladio
|
|
|
Harry Truman
|
|
|
John Kennedy
|
|
|
Lyndon Johnson
|
|
|
Theodore Roosevelt
George
Washington
James Hoban
Andrea Palladio
Harry Truman
John Kennedy
Lyndon Johnson
|
was
|
the American president
the Irish-American
architect
the Italian architect
|
who
whose name
whose style
under whose
supervision
during whose administration
|
|
Finish
1.
The President`s Palace, the
President`s House, the Executive Mansion are …
2.
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue is …
3.
Virginia sandstone is …
4.
On the first floor of the White
House you can visit …
5.
The American presidents and their
families live…
Закончите вторые
предложения так, чтобы они имели то же значение, что и первые.
Начните вторые
предложения с данных слов
(слова менять нельзя).
1. The official residence of
the president of the USA has always been most popularly known as the White
House.
The White House is… .
2. In 1901 Theodore
Roosevelt had the name of the White House imprinted on his stationery.
The name of the White House
… .
3. The private apartments of
the president occupy the second floor of the main building.
On the second floor of the
main building there are … .
4. In 1817 Hoban completed the reconstruction of the White
House and added the south portico.
The south portico … .
Answers.
1. The White House is the
most popular name of the official residence.
2. The name of the White
House was imprinted on Roosevelt`s stationery.
3. On the second floor of the
main building there are private apartments of the president.
4. The south portico was added to the White House in 1817 by
Hoban.
New York.
The Statue of
Liberty.
The Statue of Liberty is a splendid statue, which
stands on a small Bedloe's Island at the entrance to New York harbour. Its top
reaches 305 feet (nearly 100 metres) above the water level.
The Statue of Liberty is the work of the well-known
19th-century French sculptor Frederic Bartholdi. The statue is made from copper
sheets and it is hollow inside. 225 tons of metal were used for its
construction. Inside there is a circular stairway from the base to the crown.
There is also a lift in it.
The figure shows a young woman freeing herself from
shackles. She holds a torch in her right hand above her head, and in her left
hand is a tablet, with the date "July 4th, 1776" on it, which
symbolizes the Declaration of Independence. The torch lights up at night, the
statue stands on the east side of Manhattan Island.
The Statue of Liberty was built on funds collected in France
and symbolizes the friendship of the United States and France
of those days. The statue, presented to the United States of America in 1884,
became national monument in 1924.
Explain the names and the
dates:
1. Bedloe`s Island
2. Frederic Bartholdi
3. July 4th, 1776
Прочитай текст и
заполни пропуски (1-6) частями предложений, обозначенными буквами А-G. Одна
из частей лишняя. Запиши букву, обозначающую соответствующую часть предложения,
в таблицу.
New York.
The Statue of
Liberty.
The Statue of Liberty is a splendid statue, 1 ...
. Its top reaches 305 feet (nearly 100 metres) above the water level.
The Statue of Liberty is the work of the well-known
19th-century French sculptor Frederic Bartholdi. The statue is made 2...
and it is hollow inside. 225 tons of metal were used 3... . Inside
there is a circular stairway 4... . There is also a lift in it.
The figure shows a young woman freeing herself from
shackles. She holds a torch in her right hand above her head, and in her left
hand is a tablet, with the date "July 4th, 1776" on it, which 5...
. The torch lights up at night, the statue stands on the east side of Manhattan
Island.
The Statue of Liberty was built on funds collected in
France and 6... . The statue, presented to the United
States of America in 1884, became national monument in 1924.
A.
symbolizes
the friendship of the United States and France of those days
B. which stands on a small Bedloe's Island
at the entrance to New York harbour
C. from the base to the crown
D. from copper sheets
E. as a present of French people
F. for its construction
G. symbolizes the Declaration of
Independence
Capitol of the
United States, Washington, D.C. Capitol of the United States,
seat of the US Congress in Washington, D.C. Built on a
hill popularly called Capitol Hill, the Capitol contains floor space equivalent
to 1.6 ha (4 acres); its grounds cover 62.7 ha (155 acres). The Capitol, built
in Neo-Classical style, is constructed of white marble, except for the centre
part of the west front, which is in Virginia sandstone painted white. The iron
dome, also white, is surmounted by a statue of a woman representing Freedom
(5.943 m/19.5 ft), by the American scuiptor Thomas Crawford. The height of the
Capitol from the baseline on the east front to the top of the statue is 87.6 m
(287.5 ft). Important parts of the Capitol include the Rotunda, directly under
the dome, the Senate Chamber in the north wing, the House Chamber in the south
wing, the National Statuary Hall (housing statues of famous Americans from
every state), and the President's Room. Until 1935, the US Supreme Court met in
the Old Senate Chamber, which was located in the original north wing.
The original
design of the Capitol, by William Thornton, a doctor, was made in 1792, and the
cornerstone was laid by George Washington on September 18, 1793; Congress
occupied the original north wing in 1800. Seven years later the main building
was completed. During the War of 1812, invading British troops set fire to the
structure, gutting the interior, but it was reconstructed after the war.
Charles Bulfinch, who became Capitol architect in 1818, built the Rotunda and
the west central portico. The Capitol was completed and given its present
appearance by Thomas U. Waiter, who finished the new north and south wings in
the 1850s and the cast-iron dome in 1863.
J. George Stewart
renovated the east front in 1962, and George M. White restored the west front
during 1983-1987.
"Capitol of
the United States," Microsoft(R) Encarta(K) 9/ bncyciopedia. (c) 1993-1996 Microsoft Corporation. All rights
reserved.
Выбери правильное продолжение предложения. Заполни
ответы в таблицу.
1. In the text it is told about
a. the capital of the USA
b.the seat of the American Congress
c.the iron dome
2. According to the text the
Capitol is built of
a.white
marble
b.white
marble and Virginia sandstone
c.Virginia
sandstone
d.white
iron
3. The idea of the Capitol`s
construction belonged to
a.George
Washington
b.William
Thornton
c.Charles
Bulfinch
4. In paragraph 2 it is told
about
a.the
original design of the Capitol
b.the
architects of the Capitol
c.the
facts from the history of the Capitol`s construction
Соотнеси части предложений. Одна
информация лишняя (A-H). Запиши ответы в таблицу:
1.The
Capitol of the USA is ...
2.The
Capitol Hill is ...
3.White
marble is ...
4.Thomas
Crawford is ...
5.George
Washington was ...
6.William
Thornton was ...
7.The
National Statuary Hall is ...
A.
a hall of the Capitol housing statues of famous Americans.
B.
the seat of the American Congress.
C.
material of which the Capitol is constructed.
D.
a place where the Capitol is built on.
E.
the American sculptor
F.
the president who laid the cornerstone of the Capitol
G.a
person who made the original design of the Capitol
H.
the Capitol architect
Составь предложения и
запиши их. Используй слова из каждого столбика:
Finish the sentences:
|
1.The
Capitol of the USA
2.The Capitol Hill
3.White marble
4.Thomas Crawford 5.George Washington 6.William Thornton
7.The National Statuary
Hall
|
is
was
|
a place
the seat
the material
the president
a person
a sculptor
|
where
which
who
|
statues of famous
Americans are .
laid the cornerstone of
the Capitol.
the Capitol is built on.
made the original design
of the Capitol.
the Capitol is
constructed of.
the American Congress
works.
made the statue of a
woman on the dome of the Capitol.
made the iron dome of the
Capitol.
|
1.The
Capitol of the USA ...
2.The Capitol Hill ...
3.White marble ...
4.Thomas Crawford....
5.George Washington ...
6.William Thornton ...
7.The National Statuary Hall
...
Match the figures and their
meaning:
Соотнеси цифры и их
значение. Одна информация лишняя. Запиши ответы в таблицу:
|
A.
1.6 ha (4 acres)
B.
62.7 ha (155 acres)
C. 5.943 m (19.5 ft)
D.
87.6 m (287.5 ft)
|
1. the height of a statue
surmounted on the dome.
2.floor space equivalent
3.the height of the
Capitol
4.the height of the iron
dome
5.the Capitol`s grounds
|
В соответствии с государственным образовательным стандартом главным
практическим результатом чтения должна явиться информация.
Следовательно, основным показателем успешности овладения учащимися
навыками чтения становится степень извлечения ими информации из прочитанных
текстов.
Единый государственный экзамен предполагает проверку умений учащихся читать,
понимать и осмысливать содержание текстов с различной степенью проникновения в
содержащуюся в них информацию. Предусматривается проверка понимания основной
темы текста, его структурно-смысловых связей, логической связи в предложении и
полное понимание прочитанного.
Имея три часа в неделю, позволяю проводить уроки чтения, на которых
готовлю учащихся к сдаче ЕГЭ, знакомлю с форматом экзамена, учу стратегии
чтения текстов различных жанров, тренирую в выполнении разнообразных заданий.
В данной статье приведены некоторые из текстов и заданий по чтению,
используемые автором в 10 классе при изучении второго цикла учебника
В.П.Кузовлева ( “Western Democracies. Are
They Democratic” Lesson 2 “How Much Power Does the American president Have?”)
Оставьте свой комментарий
Авторизуйтесь, чтобы задавать вопросы.