Дополнительный материал по теме "День Благодарения"

This turkey is wearing a hat.	a cornucopia	an ear of Indian corn	Pilgrim hats
	a Native American boy, a Pilgrim boy, and a turkey	This turkey is running away.	a big dog balloon in a Thanksgiving Day parade
a Pilgrim couple	This turkey is waving at you.	This Pilgrim is going to carve a turkey.	the Mayflower
a Native American	three pumpkins	a thanksgiving feast	a boy, a pumpkin, & a piece of pumpkin pie

Thanksgiving Day

The first Thanksgiving Day was celebrated by the Pilgrims in the year 1621.  The Pilgrims sailed to the New World from Plymouth, England, in a ship called the Mayflower.  They landed at Plymouth Rock, in what is now Massachusetts, in the winter of 1620 after being at sea for several weeks.

The Pilgrims were Puritans, members of the Church of England who wanted to “purify” their religious observance.  The Puritans who travelled to America to avoid religious persecution were called Pilgrims. 

When the Pilgrims landed in America, they discovered that the grain they had brought from England would not grow.  The first winter was very hard, and many died because of sickness and starvation.  At one point, there were only seven people who were able to fetch wood, make fires, and care for the sick.  By the spring, they had lost 46 of the original 102.

Native Americans (Indians) taught the Pilgrims about life in the New World.  They taught them how to hunt and fish, cultivate new vegetables, and build Indian-style houses.  They educated them about poisonous plants, medicine, and other skills needed for survival.

The Pilgrims had a bumper harvest in the fall of 1621, and held a feast to give thanks.  They invited the Native Americans to share this first Thanksgiving feast.

The event occurred at some point between September 21 and November 11, 1621, with the most likely time being around Michaelmas (September 29), the traditional time for English harvest festivals.  The settlers invited the leaders of the Native Americans and their families.  They had no idea how large Indian families were, and were joined by 90 guests.  The feast lasted for three days.  The Pilgrims and Indians ate outdoors at large tables.

The feast probably consisted of the following items:

Boiled Lobster

Roasted Goose

Boiled Turkey

Pudding of Indian Corn Meal with dried Whortleberries

Boiled Cod

Roasted Duck

Stewed Pumpkin

Roasted Venison with Mustard Sauce

Hominy Pudding

Fruit and Holland Cheese

A generation later, the Indian and White children of that first Thanksgiving were striving to kill each other in the conflict known as King Philip's War.  The settlers won and in June of 1676 another Day of Thanksgiving was proclaimed.  The governing council of Charlestown, Massachusetts, held a meeting to determine how best to express thanks for the victories in "Warr with the Heathen Natives of this land."  By unanimous vote they instructed Edward Rawson, the clerk, to proclaim June 29 as a day of thanksgiving

The custom of Thanksgiving Day spread from Plymouth to other New England colonies. During the Revolutionary War, eight special days of thanks were observed for victories and for being saved from dangers.  In 1789, President George Washington issued a general proclamation naming November 26 a day of national thanksgiving. 

For many years, the country had no regular national Thanksgiving Day.  Thanksgiving Day was made a national holiday by Congress in 1941.  Since then, Thanksgiving Day in America has been celebrated on the fourth Thursday in November.

Thanksgiving Riddles and Tongue Twisters

Riddles:

1.   Q. Why can't you take a turkey to church?   A.  because it uses such fowl language

2.  Q. What are unhappy cranberries called?     A.  blueberries

3.  Q. What's blue and covered with feathers?  A.  a turkey holding its breath

4.  Q. If April showers bring May flowers,        

          what do May flowers bring?                   A.  Pilgrims

5.  Q. What do you get when you cross             

          a turkey with a centipede?                     A.  lots of drumsticks

6.  Q. Why didn't the turkey eat dessert?        A.  He was stuffed!

7.  Q. What's the best thing to put

           into a pumpkin pie?                               A.  your teeth

8.  Q. Why did they let the turkey

          join the band?                                      A.  He had the drumsticks!

9.  Q. What would you get if you crossed

          a turkey with an octopus?                      A.  eight feather dusters

10. Q. What kind of vegetables would you like

          for Thanksgiving dinner?                       A.  beets me

11. Q. What's round, red, and wears a diaper?   A.  a baby cranberry

12. Q. What smells the best

          at a Thanksgiving dinner?                       A.  your nose

13. Q. Why did the turkey sit

          on a tomahawk (a hatchet)?                   A.  to hatchet (sounds like “to hatch it”)

14. Q. Why did the Pilgrim eat a candle?           A.  He wanted a light snack!

15. Q. What kind of music did

          the Pilgrims listen to?                           A.  Plymouth Rock

16. Q. Why do turkeys gobble, gobble?             A.  They never learned good table manners!

          (“Gobble” is the sound that turkeys make.)

17. Q. What always comes

          at the end of Thanksgiving?                   A.  The letter "g"!

Tongue Twisters:

Ten tricky two-toed turkeys trotted to the table.

Greedy gobblers grabbed the gravy.  (gobble – the sound turkeys make, gobblers – turkeys)

Floyd flipped five fine flapjacks!  (flapjacks – pancakes)

Six sick swans slurped soup slowly.

Chef chopped cheese chunks cheerfully.

Betty baked a buttery batch of buttered biscuits.

Eleven leaping lizards licked lovely lemon lollipops.

Peter Pilgrim picked pretty plump pumpkins!

Thanksgiving Clipart and icons

Thanksgiving Day

Crossword Puzzle

Across:                                                                                              Down:

1.   It means to gather crops.                                                              2.   the American harvest festival 

4.   After dinner, many Americans watch this on TV.                               (two words)

5.   The Pilgrims sailed on this ship.                                                   3.   This vegetable is used to make pies.

6.   This bird is eaten on Thanksgiving Day.                                      7.   Before Thanksgiving dinner, many 

9.   Native Americans taught the Pilgrims how                                        Americans watch these on TV.

      to grow this. (two words)                                                              8.   These people went to America 

10. a horn of plenty                                                                                   in 1620.

12. Thanksgiving is in this month.                                                      11. a large meal to celebrate 

13. Thanksgiving is on this day of the week.                                           a special occasion

                                                                                                            12. American Indians (two words)