Историко-лингвистическая
викторина на английском языке
«Outstanding
People of the Present and the Past»
для учащихся 9 классов
1. There are 15
descriptions of the most famous people of ancient civilizations. Choose from
the list below the name of the person whom each description describes (three
names are extra)
Cicero,
Draco, Jesus, Heraclitus, Alexander the Great, Justinian the Great,
Hippocrates, Hammurabi, Spartacus, Solon, Caligula, Constantine the Great, Julius Caesar, Cleopatra, Socrates, Aristotle,
Lycurgus, Theodosius II
|
1. (Jan. 3, 106 -
Dec. 7, 43 B.C.), best known as an eloquent Roman orator, rose remarkably to
the top of the Roman political hierarchy where he received the accolade Pater
patriae 'father of his country', fell precipitously (стремительно), went into exile
because of his hostile relations with Clodius Pulcher.
2. is the man who is
said to have written down the laws of the Athenians for the first time. He
wrote them during the archonship of Aristaechmus c. 621/0 B.C. Most scholars
believe he wrote the laws against homicide and certain other offenses, but
doubt that he wrote a constitution giving the franchise (право участвовать в
выборах, право голоса) to the hoplites. Some doubt he ever lived.
3. is the central
figure of Christianity. For believers, he is the Messiah, the son of God and
the Virgin Mary, who lived as a Galilean Jew, was crucified under Pontius
Pilate, and was resurrected. For many non-believers, he is a source of wisdom.
4. Roman Emperor (482/483
- 565) is known for his reorganization of the government of the Roman Empire
and his codification of the laws, the Codex Justinianus, in A.D. 534. Some call
Justinian "the last Roman," which is why this Byzantine emperor makes
it to this list of important ancient people that otherwise ends in A.D. 476.
5.
(July
12/13, 102/100 B.C. - March 15, 44 B.C.) may have been the greatest man of all
times. By age 39/40, he had been a governor (propraetor) of Further Spain,
captured by pirates, hailed (был провозглашен) imperator by
adoring troops, consul, and elected pontifex maximus. He formed the
Triumvirate, enjoyed military victories in Gaul, became dictator for life, and
started a civil war. He, the last great leader of the Roman Republic, set in
motion the creation of the Roman Empire.
6. (January 69 -
August 12, 30 B.C.) was the last pharaoh of Egypt to rule during the
Hellenistic era. After her death, Rome controlled Egypt. She is known for her
affairs with Caesar and Mark Antony, by whom she had respectively, one and
three children, and her suicide by snake bite after her husband Antony took his
own life.
7. In 438 Emperor commissioned
the law code known as the Codex Theodosianus, which listed 2500 imperial laws
from 429-438. It supplemented the earlier Codex Gregorianus and Hermogenianus
and included those laws a commission of 8 could find from the time of
Constantine. It was hoped the code would smooth differences between the two
halves of the empire.
8. , King of Macedon
from 336 - 323 B.C., may claim the title of the greatest military leader the
world has ever known. His empire spread from Gibraltar to the Punjab, and he
made Greek the lingua franca of his world. At his death a new Greek age began.
9. (c. 470 - 399
B.C.), is a central figure in Greek philosophy. He is known for his unique
method (elenchus). He is famous for saying that he knows nothing and that the
unexamined life is not worth living. He is also well known for stirring up
sufficient controversy to be sentenced to a death that he had to carry out by
drinking a cup of hemlock.
10. (1792-1750?) was
an important Babylonian king, known for the Code of Hammurabi. It is generally
referred to as an early law code, although it's actual function is debated. He
also improved the state, building canals and fortifications. He united
Mesopotamia, defeated Elam, Larsa, Eshnunna, and Mari, and made Babylonia an
important power. He started the "Old Babylonian period" that lasted
for about 1500 years.
11. was a legendary,
perhaps historical Spartan law-giver from the 7th centuy B.C. first mentioned
by Herodotus, as guaradian of the Agiad king Leobotes, and credited with
creating most of Sparta's eunomia 'good order' -- the Spartan signature
institutions, being inspired by the institutions of Crete.
12. (384 - 322 B.C.)
was one of the most important western philosophers, a student of Plato and
teacher of Alexander the Great. His philosophy, logic, science, metaphysics,
ethics, politics and system of deductive reasoning have been of inestimable importance
ever since.
13. (c. 109 B.C.-71
B.C.) was trained in a gladiator school and led a slave revolt that was
ultimately doomed. Through his military ingenuity, his men evaded Roman forces
led by Clodius and then Mummius, but Crassus and Pompey got the best of him.
His army of disaffected gladiators and slaves were defeated. Their bodies were
strung up on crosses along the Appian Way.
14. It was probably
in 594, when was made one of the
archons, that he was made law-giver entrusting with revising the laws of
Athens, except Draco's law on homicide. Through the laws, power was
distributed. He faced the daunting task of improving the condition of
debt-ridden farmers, laborers forced into bondage over debt, and the middle
classes who were excluded from government. He had to help the poor while not
alienating the increasingly wealthy landowners and aristocracy.
15. (c. 272 – 22 May
337) was famed for winning the battle at the Milvian Bridge, reuniting
the Roman Empire under one emperor (he himself), winning major battles in
Europe, legalizing Christianity, and establishing a new eastern capital of Rome
at the city, Nova Roma, formerly Byzantium, that was to be named Constantinople.
2. Famous People - A
Quiz on Articles
1.
Albert
Einstein was ___ famous scientist.
a. a
b. an
c. the
d. X [Nothing]
2.
Einstein
was born in ___ Germany in 1879.
a. a
b. an
c. the
d. X [Nothing]
3.
Einstein
won ___ Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921.
a. a
b. an
c. the
d. X [Nothing]
4.
Einstein
left his country and lived in ___ States until he died in 1955.
a. a
b. an
c. the
d. X [Nothing]
5.
Einstein
is known for his theory of ___ relativity.
a. a
b. an
c. the
d. X [Nothing]
6.
Roentgen
was ___ German physicist who discovered x-rays, revolutionizing medical
diagnosis.
a.
a
b. an
c. the
d. X [Nothing]
7.
Roentgen
won ___ 1901 Nobel Prize.
a. a
b. an
c. the
d. X [Nothing]
8.
Mandela
was born in ___ South Africa.
a. a
b. an
c. the
d. X [Nothing]
9.
Mandela
was ___ first President elected in ___ South Africa after ___ Apartheid was
revoked.
a. a / the / the
b. the / X / X
c. a / X / the
d. the / the / the
10. Mandela was
imprisoned for ___ nearly 30 years for his anti-apartheid activities.
a. a
b. an
c. the
d. X [Nothing]
11. Mother Teresa was
___ Roman Catholic nun.
a. a
b. an
c. the
d. X [Nothing]
12. Mother Teresa
became famous for her hard work with ___ poor.
a. a
b. an
c. the
d. X [Nothing]
13. She was ___
founder of ___ order of nuns called the Missionaries of Charity.
a. a / an
b. a / X
c. the / X [Nothing]
d. the / an
14. Mother Teresa
lived in ___ Calcutta, India.
a. a
b. an
c. the
d. X [Nothing]
15. Mother Teresa
received ___ her Nobel Peace Prize in 1979.
a. a
b. an
c. the
d. X [Nothing]
3.
Look
at the pictures of some famous people and guess who they are. Write their names
in the blanks.
1.
_____________________________________________________________
2.
_____________________________________________________________
3.
_____________________________________________________________
4.
______________________________________________________________
5.
_____________________________________________________________
6.
______________________________________________________________
7.
______________________________________________________________
8.
________________________________________________________________
9.
________________________________________________________________
10.
________________________________________________________________
1.
2. 3. 4.
5.
6.
7. 8. 9. 10.
4. There are 10
descriptions of the most famous people of the Great Britain. Choose from the
list below the name of the person whom each description describes (three names
are extra).
William
Henry Gates III, Her Royal Highness The Princess Anne, Chris De Burgh, Sir Isaac Newton, George Stephenson, Anthony Charles Lynton "Tony" Blair,
Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill,
Henry VIII, James Watt, Alexander Graham Bell, Queen
Victoria, Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Martin
Luther King
1. ________________________ (March 3, 1847 -
August 2, 1922) was a scientist, inventor, and founder of the Bell telephone
company. In addition to his work in telecommunications technology, he was also
responsible for important advances in aviation and hydrofoil technology.
2. _________________________ (December 25, 1642
– March 20, 1727 by the Julian calendar in use in England at the time; or
January 4, 1643 – March 31, 1727 by the Gregorian calendar) was an English
physicist, mathematician, astronomer, philosopher, and alchemist; who wrote the
Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (published July 5, 1687)1, where
he described universal gravitation and, via his laws of motion, laid the
groundwork for classical mechanics.
3. _______________________ (born 6 May 1953)
has served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom since 1997, when he brought
the Labour Party into power after 18 consecutive years of Conservative
government.
4. ______________________ (November 30,
1874 - January 24, 1965) was a British politician, best known as Prime Minister
of the United Kingdom during World War II. At various times an author, soldier,
journalist, legislator and painter, he is generally regarded as one of the most
important leaders in British and world history.
5. _______________________ (January 19, 1736
- August 19, 1819) was a Scottish mathematician and engineer whose improvements
to the steam engine were a key stage in the Industrial Revolution.
6. _______________________ (24 May 1819 – 22
January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from
20 June 1837, and Empress of India from 1 January 1877 until her death. Her
reign lasted more than sixty-three years, longer than that of any other British
monarch. As well as being Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, she was also the first monarch to use the title Empress of India.
7. ________________________ (June 9, 1781 –
August 12, 1848) was a British engineer who designed a famous and historically
important steam-powered locomotive named Rocket, and is known as the Father of
British Steam Railways.
8. _______________________
(28
June 1491–28 January 1547) was King of England and Lord of Ireland (later King
of Ireland) from 22 April 1509 until his death. He was the second monarch of
the Tudor dynasty. He is famous for having been married six times, and also
wielded the most untrammeled power of any British monarch. Notable events to
occur during his reign included the establishment of the Church of England, the
Dissolution of the Monasteries and the union of England and Wales.
9. ________________________
(born
August 15, 1950), is a member of the British Royal Family. She is the seventh
holder of the title Princess Royal. She has been a princess with the style of
Her Royal Highness since her birth and is currently ninth in the line of
succession to the British throne.
10. ________________________
(born October 13, 1925) is a British politician and the first woman Prime
Minister of the United Kingdom, a position she held from 1979 to 1990. She is a
member of the Conservative Party and still the figurehead for a brand of
politics involving reduced government spending and privatization of government
owned industries. Even before coming to power she was nicknamed The Iron Lady
in Soviet propaganda.
Answers
I: 1.
Cicero, 2. Draco, 3. Jesus, 4. Justinian the Great, 5.
Julius Caesar,
6.
Cleopatra, 7. Theodosius II, 8. Alexander the Great, 9. Socrates, 10.
Hammurabi,
11.
Lycurgus, 12. Aristotle, 13. Spartacus, 14. Solon, 15. Constantine the Great
Answers
2:
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