Sport in Kazakhstan
Sport helps people to stay in a
good shape, keeps them fit, healthy and makes them more organized, better
disciplined in their daily activities and energetic.
Many sports are popular in Kazakhstan. They are: football, tennis, hockey, weight-lifting, track and field,
basketball, volleyball, boxing, judo and karate, cross-country skiing, figure
skating, climbing mountains, horse-racing.
All these sports have their
strong supporters and fans. Thousands of people go to the stadium to support
their favorite team and many thousands more watch the game on TV. For many
people sport is the main form of entertainment. The people in the Republic
of Kazakhstan are not only sports fans. They take an active part in all sports
and sports activities, professional and amateur.
There are different sporting
societies and amateur clubs in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Some of them
constantly take part in different international tournaments and are well-known
all over the world.
Kazakhstan sportsmen have won a
great number of world records in gymnastics, judo, wresting, athletics.
International and national
matches attract many fans. Some most important games and sport events are
transmitted over the radio and TV.
Hobbies
There are more than 1000 hobbies
known in the world. It is impossible to describe all of them.
A hobby is something to which a
person chooses to give time and energy and which he is interested in. Hobbies
differ like tastes.
If you have a hobby your life
becomes more interesting. Hobbies increase your knowledge in some particular
field and broaden your general out look. There are 4 large groups of hobbies:
doing things, making things, collecting things and learning things. Gardening
is one of the oldest hobbies. The English are very fond of gardening and
growing flowers, especially roses.
Some collections have no value,
some others are so large and valuable that they are kept in museums and
galleries. Some people are interested in photography. They always take their
cameras with them when they are on holiday. A usual hobby is collecting
tape-recordings. You may have recordings of operas, folk-music or jazz
concerts.
It is difficult to describe all
hobbies known in the world. The main things is that they help you to obtain
knowledge.
The
Environment and You
Some years ago the problem of
Environment was widely discussed in the newspapers,radio
and TV programmers in many countries of the world.Now we
also have the same problem before us.
Why does this problem worry the
people of the world?
The environment as it is known is
all living and non-living things that surround us.They are
animals and birds, woods and forests, air and water, land
and atmosphere. All this may be called natural living conditions and resources.
National resources such as
minerals, oil, wood lands and water are widely used for purposes of home
industry and agriculture. As a result the wide use of national resources upsets
the biological balance, pollutes air, water and soil. The people face the
problem of the pollution of environment. Now it is becoming clear as never
before that our environment needs strong protection from harmful actions in
home industry and agriculture. Most people understand that it is necessary to
fight pollution of the environment. We all should try to do our best in order
to make air, forests and soil cleaner than before.
It concerns everyone who lives in
our country. We know that the policy of our state in environment protection is
to control air and water pollution but at the same time we think that it cannot
be done without everyone’s help.
The
problem of Ecology
Many people are concerned about
ecology today because it is of vital importance for humanity. Everybody is
talking about pollution nowadays: land pollution, water pollution, air
pollution. The things we eat, the places we live in and the air around us are
made dirty and unhealthy by machines and factories. Pollution is the result of
industrialization and it threatens everything living: plants, animals, people.
It is dangerous for life.
Pollution deprives people of
fresh air, clear water and healthy food. The examples are numerous: the waters
of Aral Sea are polluted and it became much l pollution, les than some years
ago, the Caspian Sea becomes smaller too, people from Semey suffer from
radioactivity.
International cooperation of
scientists in environmental protection has already begun its work. People
demand to stop bomb testing and arms race. They want to protect heir future.
English
around the world
Although there are about three
thousand languages in the world, English is the most wide spread. It is the
official language in many countries. It is also spoken as a second language in
many parts of India and Africa.
English is the most widely used
language in international business, science and foreign affairs. Some people
say that English should be the environment language because it is the most
widespread language in the world. They think that many problems may solved
easier if everyone speaks English. So we can say English concerns everyone.
Learning English is becoming
important for everyone because we live in real life and we should know what is
going on around us in the world. The world is changing rapidly in many fields,
of technology, business, science, education, arts and medicine. These changes
will influence us sooner or later. Today the Republic of Kazakhstan is
integrating into the world mutiny and the problem of learning English for the
purpose of communication is especially important for us.
Christmas
For many British families
Christmas is the most important holiday. Christmas is celebrated in GB on the
25th of December. Christmas is a religious holiday and one of the
happiest holidays of the year, because it is the day that Christians celebrate
the birth of Jesus Christ.
People prepare for Christmas
weeks before: they buy gifts for their families and friends, choose fur-trees
and decorate them with ornaments, coloured paper, holly and lights, different
toys and candles.
There are a lot of traditions
connected with Christmas but perhaps the most important one is Christmas
presents. Children wait for Santa Claus who comes to every house and brings
presents. Going to bed children leave their stockings and shoes to receive
presents the next morning.
There are a lot of jokes and fun
on Christmas day. Young people like to spend it together in good companies.
Family members sit down to a big turkey dinner followed by Christmas pudding
and Christmas cake. Later in the afternoon they will watch the Queen on TV as
she delivers her traditional message to the UK and the Commonwealth.
People wish each other a “Merry
Christmas!”
Nauryz
Kazakhstan has many different
customs and traditions. The most important Kazakh holiday of the year is “Nauryz”
– Kazakh New Year.
On March 22nd people
from smaller villages come to bigger cities. Families get together to help one
another on constructing a “yurts” which is the traditional Kazakh home. Since
the Kazakhs were originally nomadic people they had homes that could be easily
set up and moved from one place to another. These yurts are made of long curved
pieces of wood that are tied together and make the skeleton for this round
house. Large pieces of felt are placed over the wood and rugs are placed inside
the yurt on the floor to keep warmth and protect from cold and rain.
If you enter a yurt on Nauryz you
will see that it is decorated with beautiful Kazakh ornaments, rugs and
blankets.
As a guest you will sit at long
low table and eat such Kazakh dishes as “karta”, “plov”, “baursak” “besbarmak”.
This meat is traditionally served
with a sheep’s head, which is set at the “place of honor” - the head of the
table. An elder “aksakal” will usually have to task of cutting the sheep’s head
and saying words of blessing while giving each part of the head to a different
person.
At the end of the meal you will
sit and have tea and listen to musicians playing dombyras and kobyz and singing
songs. Then you may see many ancient Kazakh games.
Great Britain
The United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Northern Ireland is situated in the north-west coast of Europe
between the Atlantic Ocean on the north and north-west and the North
Sea on the east.
The UK is one of the smallest
countries in the world. The area of the UK is some 244100 square km. the
population of GB is over 57 million.
GB is not rich in natural
resources. Coal and oil are the most of them. The UK is one of most
industrialized countries. Agriculture takes also an important sector in the
economy of the country. British people grow wheat, fruit, vegetables, oats.
GB is well known in the world as
a nature-loving country. Is people care about the flora and fauna of the British Isles. But as a highly industrialized country GB uncounted the problem of environment
pollution. And the people of GB had to pay great attention to the problem of
environmental protection. Now the state policy of GB in environmental protection
is to control air and water pollution and the study of man’s influence on the
environment. There are many rives and lakes in GB. The Severn is the largest
river, the Thames is the most important one.
The geographical position of GB
gives it mild climate. The Gulf Stream influences the English climate greatly.
The climate is not the same in all part of the British Isles. The western part
of the country is warmer than the eastern one.
Kazakhstan
The Republic of Kazakhstan
is situated in the Central Asia. The area of Kazakhstan is 2753000 square km.
Its population is about 16 million. The population lives mostly in towns and
cities and large villages. Astana is the capital of the Republic. Astana is the
central part of the country.
Kazakh is the official language
of the country. Russian and other languages are spoken here too.
Kazakhstan borders China,
Russia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Kirgizstan. There is a long border coast
line on the Caspian Sea in the southwest.
There are a few rivers and lakes
in Kazakhstan. The four rivers are the main resources of water in the country.
The flora and fauna of the country are different. They depend on the climate of
the area. They are richer in the south and poorer in the north.
The climate of the country is
strongly continental. It is cold in winter and hot in summer.
Kazakhstan has well-developed
heavy industry in many cities and towns. As the result of the development of
heavy industry the country suffers serious environmental problems. Agriculture
takes a very important sector in the national economy. The people in the
country grow wheat, millet, corn, and cotton.
As a sovereign state Kazakhstan has its own national flag and anthem and national traditions holidays.
Traveling
There are many ways of traveling.
The whole world is open for traveling. Now you can choose any place on the
earth and go there on your bossiness or holiday.
You can go to the place by sea,
by air, by train and by bus. If you want to get somewhere as quickly as
possible the best way is to travel by plane. Traveling by plane is very
expensive.
Coach tour are not very expensive.
If you choose this kind of traveling you will have a chance to do a lot of
sightseeing and have a good rest at the same time.
Many people prefer traveling by
car. This way you can visit the nearby towns and cities. The greatest advantage
of this way of traveling is that you can stop whenever you like and stay there
as long as you want. You start from your own front door and take any road you
like.
One of the cheapest and most
popular way of traveling is hiking. You certainly need to prepare all things
which will be necessary for traveling. It is always a great experience for a
lover of nature.
Traveling is of a great use for
the development of a person. When traveling we see and learn a lot of things
that we can never see at home.
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