Подготовка к ЕГЭ по английскому языку (11 класс)

1 variant

1. Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды.

1. A uniform makes the school a better organized place.

2. Uniforms help improve the discipline at schools.

3. Uniforms can help prevent crimes at school.

4. Uniforms will not make life at school better.

5. Uniforms can teach students how to behave professionally.

6. Getting used to uniforms is good for a future career.

7. Uniforms make students focus more on their learning.

Говорящий	A	B	C	D	E	F
Утверждение

2. Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А–G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.

A. Jake succeeded in his school-leaving exams.

B. Jake has an elder brother.

C. Jake wants to teach the subject Miss Clark teaches.

D. Miss Clark is surprised with Jake’s career choice.

E. Jake doesn’t believe in the abilities of every student.

F. Miss Clark thinks Jake’s made the right choice.

G. Miss Clark isn’t happy to hear Jake’s words.

A	B	C	D	E	F	G

Вы услышите интервью дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

3.  What do we learn about Alice at the beginning of the interview?

1) She has an Academy award already.

2) She’s 18 years old.

3) She was born in Brazil.

4. At present, Nigel's main ambition is to work on ...

1) trans-Atlantic flights.

2) popular international flights.

3) local flights.

5. What is necessary to understand one’s dreams?

1) Communicating with people.

2) Deep self-reflexion.

3) Analyzing others’ plans.

6. The reason for buying a plastic camera was that it

1) allowed him to take original pictures.

2) was not very expensive.

3) was light to carry around.

7. “The Ecological Calendar” is

1) completely identical to “the Book of Days”.

2) absolutely different from “the Book of Days”.

3) partly similar to “the Book of Days”.

8. If Amy hadn’t become an actress, her parents would have

1) understood and supported her.

2) been displeased with her.

3) insisted on her joining the family business.

9. Chris thinks that dancers are great to work with because they

1) are lively and enthusiastic.

2) can cope with any problem.

3) can work long hours.

10. Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Запишите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. Reasons to be afraid 2. Fight your fear 3. A place of wonders 4. How to say thank you

5. Visiting for wild life and animals 6. Learn to be grateful 7. It’s never late to learn 8. Reading non-verbal language

A. Nowadays when it’s all too easy to send an email or text, the best way to show that you are grateful to somebody is to actually mail a hand-written card. The person who gets it will know you took the extra time and thought to write a card and put it in the mail with a nice stamp. That person will appreciate your efforts much more. Plus, you’ll get the added bonus of feeling grateful a little longer than usual as you write out each note and wait for it to arrive.

B. Music is a noble passion, and people who can play a musical instrument have always been seen as intelligent people. Learning how to play a musical instrument is far more efficient if you do it in childhood. However, there are millions of adults who learn to enjoy music throughout their lives. Moreover, they don’t focus on just one instrument, but specialize in two or even more, if they have the time and the necessary ambition.

C. Millions of people avoid air travel each year because of their fear of flying. The fear of accidents happening is probably the most common fear among air travellers. It is an understandable fear, since there have been many aviation accidents throughout history. Some people may have a fear that the plane has some type of malfunction or breakdown, while others may have a fear that the weather or turbulance will affect the plane.

D. Try to understand that being scared is just an illusion that makes you limited and miserable. Take control of your mind and don’t let your imagination create frightening pictures in your head. If you cannot deal with it, you should make attempts to leave your comfort zone. Choose things and activities you are afraid of and meet your worries face to face, because it is impossible to run away from them. Just face your troubles no matter how powerful they may seem.

E. When you get chronically bored with something, your mind gets used to seeing the world negatively. It is necessary to break the chain of negative thoughts and train your mind to notice the best. Just write down 5 things you are thankful for. This way, your mind will change for the better in a while. The thankfulness will open your eyes to the beauty of the world around you and will help you to focus on positive moments in your life.

F. If you go to Ireland, go to isolated distant places in the country, talk to the locals and they will tell you the stories about the mythical Irish place, called the Otherworld. They believe that it is the land of paradise and happiness. In Irish poetry and tales, it is described as a series of islands near Ireland where the various fairytale creatures lived. Also the Otherworld seemed to be able to move from one location to another.

G. Many people can understand the nature of character without talking to the person they are interested in. The gestures and postures usually reflect the mood and the level of the person’s confidence. It’s easy to notice a highly confident person even in a big group of people. They stand in one place without constant moving from place to place, and they always make eye contact with the person they are talking to.

Текст	A	B	C	D	E	F	G
Заголовок

11. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 — лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.

Peter and Paul Fortress

The Peter and Paul Fortress in St. Petersburg, located on small Hare Island, is the historic core of the city. The history of St. Petersburg begins with the history of the fortress.

Since 1700 Russia had been fighting the Northern War against Sweden. By 1703 the lands by the Neva River were conquered. To protect them from the attacks of the Swedes it was necessary to build a strong outpost here. The fortress was founded on Hare Island 16 (27) May, 1703 by joint plan of Peter I and French engineer Joseph-Gaspard Lambert de Guerin. This day is well known A_______________________.

The fortress stretches from west to east with six bastions B_______________________. The Peter’s Gate on the east side, C_____________________, has remained since the time of Peter I. The Peter and Paul Cathedral, D_______________________ emperors and the monument of Russian baroque, was completed after the death of the emperor, in 1733. The weathervane as a golden angel with a cross, E_______________________, is one of the main symbols of the city. On the opposite side of the cathedral, there is the Mint building, constructed in the time of Paul I by architect A. Porto. Coinage was moved to the fortress F_______________________ in the time of Peter I. The Peter and Paul Fortress has never directly participated in any fighting. From the very beginning of its existence it was used as a political prison. Since 1924 the Peter and Paul Fortress has been a part of the Museum of the History of St. Petersburg.

1. as the day of the birth of St. Petersburg

2. which was designed by D. Trezzini

3. which was the burial place of Russian

4. and reminding of the rich history of the city

5. as the most protected part of the city

6. which is located on the spire of the cathedral

7. that are located at the corners

Пропуск	A	B	C	D	E	F	G
Часть предложения

Mind over mass media

New forms of media have always caused moral panic: the printing press, newspapers, and television were all once denounced as threats to their consumers’ brainpower and moral fiber. So too with electronic technologies. PowerPoint, we’re told, is reducing discourse to bullet points. Search engines lower our intelligence, encouraging us to skim on the surface of knowledge rather than dive to its depths. Twitter is shrinking our attention spans.

But such panic often fails basic reality checks. When comic books were accused of turning juveniles into criminals in the 1950s, crime was falling to record lows. The decades of television, transistor radios and rock videos were also decades in which I.Q. scores rose continuously.

For a reality check today, take the state of science, which demands high levels of brainwork. These days scientists are never far from their e-mail, rarely touch paper and cannot lecture without PowerPoint. If electronic media were hazardous to intelligence, the quality of science would be plummeting. Yet discoveries are multiplying like fruit flies, and progress is dizzying.

Critics of new media sometimes use science itself to press their case, citing research that shows how “experience can change the brain”. But cognitive neuroscientists roll their eyes at such talk. Experience does not remake the basic information-processing capacities of the brain. Speed-reading programs have long claimed to do just that, but the verdict was rendered by Woody Allen after he read “War and Peace” in one sitting: “It was about Russia.”

Moreover, the effects of experience are highly specific to the experiences themselves. If you train people to do one thing, they get better at doing that thing, but almost nothing else. Music doesn’t make you better at math. Accomplished people immerse themselves in their fields. Novelists read lots of novels, scientists read lots of science.

The effects of consuming electronic media are also likely to be far more limited than the panic implies. Media critics write as if the brain takes on the qualities of whatever it consumes, the informational equivalent of “you are what you eat”. As with primitive peoples who believe that eating fierce animals will make them fierce, they assume that reading Twitter postings turns your thoughts into Twitter postings.

Yes, the continual arrival of information packets can be distracting or addictive. But distraction is not a new phenomenon. The solution is to develop strategies of self-control. Turn off Twitter when you work and put away your smart phone at dinner time.

And to encourage intellectual depth, don’t rail at PowerPoint or Google. It’s not as if habits of deep reflection or thorough research ever came naturally to people. They must be acquired in universities, and maintained with constant analysis, criticism and debate. They are not granted by propping a heavy encyclopedia on your lap, nor are they taken away by efficient access to information on the Internet.

The new media have caught on for a reason. Knowledge is increasing exponentially; human brainpower and waking hours are not. Fortunately, the Internet and information technologies are helping us manage and search our collective intellectual output at different scales, from Twitter to e-books and online encyclopedias. Far from making us stupid, these technologies are the only things that will keep us smart.

12. At the beginning of the article the author reminds that the new media technologies …

1) turn our attention off morals.

2) used to frighten the majority of people.

3) improve human brainpower.

4) could make people less intelligent.

13. What has life proved about electronic technologies according to the author?

1) Scientists can’t do without them.

2) They could increase the crime level.

3) They don’t disrupt brainwork.

4) Television influences intelligence.

14. According to the author, the arguments of the critics of new media make neuroscientists feel …

1) annoyed.

2) amused.

3) surprised.

4) confused.

15. What does the example of Woody Allen’s reading of “War and Peace” illustrate?

1) Scientific research of brain supports critics of new media.

2) Technology hardly influences the way brain deals with information.

3) Experience with technology is significant for intellectual abilities.

4) Speed-reading programs improve information-processing.

16. The phrasal verb “takes on” in “Media critics write as if the brain takes on the qualities …” (paragraph 6) is closest in meaning to …

1) adapts.

2) changes.

3) acquires.

4) rejects.

17.Which negative effect of information flood does the author recognize?

1) Inefficient access to data.

2) Lack of self-control.

3) Continuous distraction.

4) Shallow mindedness.

18. What idea is expressed in the last paragraph?

1) New media help us keep up with life.

2) Human knowledge is developing too fast.

3) New media are the result of collective brainwork.

4) There are different ways to manage knowledge.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слова  так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста.

Did you know?

19	Here are some interesting facts about Australia. Canberra __________________ as the capital because Sydney and Melbourne could not stop arguing which city should be the capital of Australia.	CHOOSE
20	The sports capital of the world has 70 percent of __________________ total population participating at least once a week in a particular recreational activity or sport.	IT
21	80 % of Australians believe Australia has a strong culture and identity characterized by honesty, sports and multiculturalism based on research __________________ by the Australia Day Council of NSW in 2008.	ORGANISE

The wolf and the goat

22	A hungry wolf was out searching for a meal. He __________________ a goat feeding on grass on top of a high cliff. The wolf wished to get the goat to climb down from the rock and into his grasp and he called out to her.	SEE
23	“Excuse me, dear Goat,” he said in a friendly voice, “It is very dangerous for you to be at such a height. Do come down before you injure yourself. Besides, the grass is much __________________ down here. Take my advice, and please come down from that high cliff.”	GREEN
24	But the goat knew too well of the wolf’s intent. “You __________________ if I eat good grass or bad.	NOT CARE
25	What you care about is __________________ me.”	EAT

Образуйте от слов однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста

Texas Rodeo

26	The rodeo is a really exciting event. It is a thrilling ________________ between cowboys from all over the country.	COMPETE
27	It has a long tradition and even today there are rodeo schools which keep it alive and __________________.	PROFESSION
28	The rodeo is a spectacular sight. If a __________________ has a place in the first row of the arena, he or she may even be sprinkled with sand by the passing horses.	VISIT
29	The __________________ usually starts with an opening ceremony by horsemen dressed in bright colours and carrying flags.	PERFORM
30	All through the show the master of the ceremony __________________ jokes with special clowns.	CONSTANT
31	A rodeo in Texas is certainly an exciting experience which is practically __________________ for a tourist to forget.	POSSIBLE

Вставьте пропущенные слова

How to become a good leader

Being a good leader takes work. It is not hard at all to 32 ______ the difference between a good and a bad boss. Exceptional leaders – those who are respected and 33 ______ by their team – have a lot of secret skills that they put to use every day.

Firstly, building relationships – both with your team and your partners – is crucial in leading a team. That means your success depends greatly 34 ______ interpersonal skills and emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognize, understand, and manage our emotions, as well as understand the emotions of others. It’s a part of how we navigate social situations and then make decisions to 35 ______ goals. Several studies have found that a strong emotional intelligence is a top factor for a leader’s success. 36 ______ to the research, managers with the strongest emotional intelligence were much more likely to succeed.

Exceptional leaders are ones who regularly 37 ______ employees of the main goal. A team needs to know what they’re marching toward. With a larger vision in mind, their day-to-day work has more purpose.

Great leaders 38 ______ sure their daily behavior is a model for their team. They’re reliable (meaning they always follow through on what they’ve promised), they respect people’s time (meaning they don’t make others wait unnecessarily), and they retain a thoughtful, objective approach to problems or issues.

32. 1) speak     2) talk     3) tell     4) say

33. 1) amazed     2) impressed     3) enjoyed     4) admired

34. 1) in     2) on     3) from     4) for

35. 1) worshiped     2) admired     3) beloved     4) fancied

36. 1) Regarding     2) Concerning     3) Including     4) According

37. 1) review     2) revise     3) recall     4) remind

38. 1) hold     2) make     3) take     4) keep

39. You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Molly who writes:

     I looked after my little sister. Do you think babysitting is a hard work? Do you agree to look after kids when parents ask you to do it? Would you like to be a single child in the family? Why?

    Moreover, I'm going to visit New York with my cousin soon and stay there for a week.

Write a letter to Molly.

In your letter

- answer her questions

- ask 3 questions about her visit to New York.

 Write 100–140 words.

Remember the rules of letter writing.

40. Comment on the following statement.

Space exploration was the greatest achievement of the 20^th century.

What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?

Write 200–250 words.

Use the following plan:

- make an introduction (state the problem)

- express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion

- express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion

- explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion

- make a conclusion restating your position

41.

Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.

A tree is a woody plant of a big size, usually over 20 feet high. It grows with a single trunk with branches on the upper part. The parts of a tree are the leaves and needles, buds, cones and flowers, branches and twigs, a trunk or a stem and roots. The world’s tallest tree is situated in California, the USA. The world’s oldest tree is also in California. It is more than 4600 years old.      Trees have many important functions. For example, they help prevent erosion. They also provide building materials. Many trees are grown by people because of their edible fruits and nuts. Without trees it would be difficult for people to breathe. Trees keep our air supply fresh. They take in harmful gases and produce oxygen. In fact, this is the way trees and other plants make their food. One large tree can provide a day’s oxygen for up to four people.

42.

Study the advertisement.

 You are considering joining the Chess Club and now you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out about the following:

1) activities

2) training courses

3) membership fee

4) location

5) getting to the place

You have 20 seconds to ask each question.

43.

These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.

 You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:

• where and when the photo was taken

• what/who is in the photo

• what is happening

• why you keep the photo in your album

• why you decided to show the picture to your friend

You have to talk continuously, starting with: "I’ve chosen photo number… "

44.

Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs:

• give a brief description of the photos (action, location)

• say what the pictures have in common

• say in what way the pictures are different

• say which of the activities presented in the pictures you’d prefer

• explain why

You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.

 

1.Speaker A
I honestly support school uniforms and let me explain why. I think one of the problems our current generation is facing is that they are all influenced by gang culture. It is the root cause of numerous evils at schools, and many people from my school are members in the so-called school gangs. With uniforms, I believe, there are not so many chances for conflicts and violence. Besides, it creates a healthy team culture and harmony on campus.
Speaker B
I think when a person hears the word ‘school’, the first two things that come to mind are discipline and rules. Everybody knows that we kids love to break rules and it is hard to make us obey. Almost daily at schools, it is common to spend some time making us obey certain rules and disciplining us. Making us wear a uniform is a part of it but I don’t think there’s any point in trying to do so because kids will be kids. They never obey.
Speaker C
My school has a dress code which is not exactly a uniform and some students treat this too creatively. Every morning our teachers start to check our clothes and so on. This happens during the first class so I think a lot of valuable lesson time could be saved if we had a strict uniform policy at school. People in charge would not have to worry about checking what each and every student is wearing and whether it’s acceptable or not.
Speaker D
My school doesn’t have a uniform and I don’t like it. You may be surprised but look – the best schools in the country do have uniforms and nobody there minds that! I think a uniform creates a sense of belonging and a feeling of pride amongst students towards their institution. I think students wearing a school uniform are more likely to develop a sense of community spirit which can be later quite useful at work with teambuilding and things like that.
Speaker E
I think school isn’t about studies now. It’s more about hanging out at the canteen, and playing music but you rarely hear anyone having a good conversation about a lecture. I wish we had a uniform to help us concentrate more on our studies. When all students are wearing a similar outfit, they are less concerned about what other people are wearing. They tend to bond nicely with peers and can create an environment where they can learn in a group.
Speaker F
I support uniforms because I think they are useful for my future career. Dress codes and uniforms are a part of practically every job now. Professionalism is very important as we grow up and especially when we enter a corporate setup. Of course, I understand that there are no uniforms in some offices but I believe professionalism is what uniform-friendly children are better at than casually dressed kids. So I don’t mind wearing a uniform to school.

A3 — they (generation) are influenced by gang culture... it's the root cause of numerous evels at schools... with uniforms I believe there is not so many chances for conflicts and violence.

B4 — ...disciplining us, making us wear a uniform is a part of it. There is no point in trying to do so. Kids will be kids. They never obey.

C1 — A lot of valuable lesson time could be saved if we had a strict uniform policy at school. People in charge would not have to worry about checking what each and every student is wearing and whether it is acceptable or not.

D6 — The best schools in the country do have uniforms. A uniform creates a sense of belonging, a feeling of pride among students towards their institution. I think students wearing a uniform are more likely to develop a sense of community spirit which can be later quite useful at work with team building and things like that.

E7 — ...school is not about studies now... it's about hanging out at the canteen... rarely hear a good conversation about a lecture. I wish we had a uniform to help us concentrate more on our studies.

F5 — I support uniforms because I think they are useful for my future career. Professionalism is very important as we grow up. Professionalism is something uniform friendly children are better at than casually dressed kids.

Ответ: 341675

2. Расшифровка записи
Teacher: Hello, Jake. You look great today.
Jake: Good evening, Miss Clark. Thank you for the compliment.
Teacher: I hope you’ll enjoy the party. After all, your classmates and you have certainly deserved it. You worked so hard during the academic year, and you passed your exams with flying colours. My colleagues and I are so proud of you all.
Jake: Oh, Miss Clark, of course we did a good job, but we are very grateful to our teachers. If not for you, our results wouldn’t be so good.
Teacher: It’s good to know that. Thank you. So, Jake, what are you going to do after the prom? Are you going to have a gap year?
Jake: Most of my classmates are going to travel somewhere, but I won’t be able to join them. I’m going straight to college.
Teacher: Why? Don’t you like to travel?
Jake: Of course, I do. Everybody likes to travel, don’t they? It’s just that this summer isn’t a good time to do it because I’ll have to help my brother. He’s just had surgery, you know.
Teacher: I hope your brother is doing fine. How did the operation go?
Jake: It all went fine, thank you. The full recovery will take some time, but he’ll be absolutely fine in a couple of months.
Teacher: Oh, that’s excellent news. So, what college did you choose?
Jake: I’m going to Birmingham University. I want to be a teacher, like you.
Teacher: Really? I would never have thought you had chosen this career.
Jake: Well, I think it’s the most rewarding job in the world, so …
Teacher: It is, but mind you, not every student will succeed in your class. Sometimes, when one of your students fails, you blame yourself for it.
Jake: I think that’s true about many jobs, like doctors, for instance. I believe that
every student has the potential for success and it’ll be so exciting because each
new academic year will present new challenges and new potential successes.
Teacher: Well, Jake, if you are able to look at it that way, teaching is definitely
Jake: Thank you, Miss Clark. It’s you and your colleagues who have inspired me.
Teacher: Thank you. Now it’s high time for you to join your friends, and it’s time
for me to wipe away the tears – your words are so touching.
Jake: Sorry if I’ve upset you.
Teacher: No, that’s fine. It’s always good to hear such things, you know. See you
later, Jake.
Jake: See you.

A1 — Miss Clark: You passed your exams with flying colours (фразеологизм, означает "прекрасно").

B3 — Джейк будет помогать брату после операции, то есть брат у него есть, но ничего не сказано о его возрасте.

С3 — I want to be a teacher like you. Джейк хочет стать учителем, но не сказано, того же предмета, что и мисс Кларк или нет.

D1 — I would never have thought you had chosen that career. (Учительница удивлена, говорит, что никогда бы не подумала...)

E2 — Every student has a potential for success. (Джейк как раз верит в способности каждого).

F1 — Teaching is definitely your cup of tea. (Фразеологизм, означает "то, что подходит.")

G2 — Your words are so touching. It's always good to hear such things. (Мисс Кларк тронута, ей приятно слышать такие слова ученика.) 

Ответ: 1331212

10. A4 — the best way to show that you are grateful to somebody is to actually mail a hand-written card.

B7 — However, there are millions of adults who learn to enjoy music throughout their lives.

C1 — Some people may have a fear that the plane has some type of malfunction or breakdown, while others may have a fear that the weather or turbulance will affect the plane.

D2 — Take control of your mind and don’t let your imagination create frightening pictures in your head.

E6 — write down 5 things you are thankful for. This way, your mind will change for the better in a while.

F3 — the land of paradise and happiness... where the various fairytale creatures lived.

G8 — Many people can understand the nature of character without talking. he gestures and postures usually reflect the mood and the level of the person’s confidence.

 11. A1 — Этот день хорошо известен "как день основания города"

B7 — bastions — множественное число. Нужен фрагмент, согласующийся с существительным во множественном числе, описывающий эти бастионы. that ARE located.

C2 — пропущенный отрывок — non-defying clause, уточняющее придаточное, выделяется запятыми, может быть убрано из предложения без потери смысла, дает дополнительную информацию.

D3 — после пропуска идет слово emperors, императоры. Предыдущий фрагмент связан по смыслу и грамматике.

E6 — Weathervane — флюгер, может быть только на шпиле (spire of the cathedral).

F5 — Пропущенный фрагмент объясняет, почему монетный двор был переведен в крепость.

 Ответ: 172365

12. New forms of media have always caused moral panic: the printing press, newspapers, and television were all once denounced as threats to their consumers’ brainpower and moral fiber.

Правильный ответ указан под номером 2.

13. The decades of television, transistor radios and rock videos were also decades in which I.Q. scores rose continuously. If electronic media were hazardous to intelligence, the quality of science would be plummeting. Yet discoveries are multiplying like fruit flies, and progress is dizzying.

14. "neuroscientists roll their eyes at such talk." Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English:To roll one's eyes means to show that you are really annoyed or think something is silly. To roll one's eyes — закатывать глаза, показывая, что вас что-то раздражает или вы считаете услышанное глупостью.

Правильный ответ указан под номером 1.