The meiji restoration

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  The Meiji Restoration
  

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  Do Now: Explain how these images show a change in Japanese society.
  Figure A
  Figure B
  AIM: To understand the transition from feudal to modern Japan.
  Photograph Interpretation / Compare and Contrast
  

• 3 слайд

  Early Attitudes Toward Foreigners
  Directions:
  1. Listen for your assigned role to follow.
  2. Analyze the video clip from Shogun.
  3a. Using 6 words (no more, no less), explain how the Japanese
  viewed the British.
  3b. Using 6 words (no more, no less), explain how the British
  viewed the Japanese.
  4. Be prepared to share your answers with the class.
  
  ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________
  British thought the Japanese were uncivilized.
  Japanese thought the British were barbarians.
  ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________
  

• 4 слайд

  Can’t We All Just Get Along?
  Based upon what we have just discussed, is it possible for these two regions to establish positive relations with one another?
  If yes, list the steps that need to be taken to reach that goal.
  If no, list the reasons why it will never happen.
  

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  In Japan, it is believed that the numbers four and nine are ominous.
  Shi – means four but it also means death.
  Ku – means nine but it also means suffering.
  

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  Let’s Go Back In Time…
  Tokugawa Period (1600-1868)
  Himeji Castle: Built in 1600s
  ___________________
  Ruled by Shogun
  Capital City of Edo (Tokyo)
  Rigid Social Structure
  Belief Systems
  Shintoism
  - Zen Buddhism
  - Prohibited Christianity
  Centralized feudalism
  

• 7 слайд

  Review Of Japanese Social Structure
  CHOICES:
  Samurai, Shogun, Farmers, Merchants, Daimyo, Artisans, Emperor
  Emperor
  Shogun
  Daimyo
  Farmers
  Artisans
  Merchants
  Back to Feudal Japan
  Back to “If not Shogun”
  Samurai
  

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  What geographic features enabled Japan to pursue a policy of isolationism?
  What are some positives and negatives of the geography of Japan?
  Geography of Japan
  

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  1853: _____________ Makes “Friends” with Japan
  
  In July, 1853 Perry presented the Japanese Emperor with a proposed commercial and friendship treaty. He would return a year later to receive their answer.
  Matthew Perry
  

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  The year is 1853. You are the Tokugawa Shogun of Japan. A letter has just arrived from U.S. President Millard Fillmore. Read what he has proposed and decide how you will respond. Then, answer the questions attached.
  

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  Perry returned in 1854. This time he appeared with seven
  ships - four sailing ships, three steamers – and 1600 men.
  The Black Ships!
  Here’s The Real Deal
  

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  Result:
  The signing of this treaty signaled the end of Japanese ________.
  What was the Outcome of Perry’s Visit?
  In 1854 the __________________ ( ) was signed which established:
  1. "permanent" friendship between the two countries;
  2. proper treatment for shipwrecked Americans;
  3. fuel for American ships;
  4. two ports opened for trade.
  Treaty of Kanagawa
  isolation
  Does this treaty sound familiar?
  

• 13 слайд

  Fall of Tokugawa Shogunate
  The Last Shogun, Tokugawa Yoshinobu
  Reasons for the fall:
  Samurai upset at “surrendering” to Westerners.
  Treaty of Kanagawa viewed as unfavorable to the Japanese.
  Tokugawa Shogunate seen as weak for ending 250 years of isolation.
  Some Daimyo saw this as an opportunity to change the social structure.
  

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  TASK: Before we continue on, you must rank the main causes of the fall of the Tokugawa Shogunate.
  
  Starting with #1 being the most important cause, rank the reasons accordingly. Be sure to explain why you chose the order.
  

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  Students in Japan clean the schools everyday. They begin doing this in first grade and it continues throughout high school.
  

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  Emperor Mutsuhito, Meiji.
  If Not The Shogun, Then Who?
  The presence of the West triggered nationalist unrest. Who will most of the people in Japan turn to for leadership? Why?
  People of all classes appealed to the ________ for support.
  They used the slogan sonno joi “Revere the ________, expel the barbarians.”
  TASK: Create Your Own Slogan
  Imagine you are living in Japan and are upset with the decisions of the Tokugawa Shogunate. Create a protest sign, banner, bumper sticker, or T-shirt with a slogan that expresses your opinion.
  
  Need a hint? Let’s look back at the traditional social structure in Japan.
  emperor
  emperor
  Emperor
  Rules
  Shogun
  Drools!
  

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  Compare These Two Figures
  1. What are the similarities and differences between the two men?
  2. What adjectives would you use to describe each ruler?
  Traditional
  clothing, hair,
  sword, looks proud
  Looks like…
  Western
  clothing, hair
  sword, looks proud
  Looks like…
  Do Now:
  

• 18 слайд

  Emergence of the Emperor
  Over the next generation the whole society and its institutions were transformed to serve the needs of _____________.
  
  The Shogunate was defeated and a new emperor named __________was proclaimed.
  Emperor Mutsuhito, Meiji.
  This period is known as the _______________ –
  Meiji meaning ______________.
  Mutsuhito
  Meiji Restoration
  enlightened rule
  modernization
  

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  Why Modernize?
  Based on these images, what factors caused the Japanese to modernize?
  Perry’s Black Ships
  What was this policy called?
  CHINA
  USA
  GERMANY
  RUSSIA
  GREAT BRITAIN
  FRANCE
  JAPAN
  ITALY
  

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  Emperor promises to institute political and social reforms and work to strengthen the nation.
  Changes During The Meiji Restoration
  Abolished feudalism
  Eliminated samurai armies
  Reformed education
  Created a centralized gov’t and encouraged loyalty to the emperor
  Created Japan's first Western-style constitution (1889), followed the next year by the country's first elected Diet.
  Adopted Western technology
  Opened up trade (ended isolation)
  Fukoku Kyohei: “Enrich the country and strengthen the military”
  Major Changes:
  

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  In 1878, this song was taught to Japanese children who sang it while they bounced a ball. Every time they bounced the ball they sang a line.
  “Gas lamps
  Steam engines
  Horse carriages
  Cameras
  Telegrams
  Lightning conductors
  Newspapers
  Schools
  Postal System
  Steamboats”
  Changes Were Noticed By Young And Old
  

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  1. How does this cartoonist show the effect of Western imperialism on Japan?
  2. Pick out examples of symbolism used in this cartoon?
  3. Why do you think this choice is so difficult for the Japanese man?
  4.Which of the choices symbolized by this cartoon did the Japanese
  people finally make? Was their choice good for them?
  5. Create a title for this cartoon.
  How did Westernization Impact the Japanese?
  

• 23 слайд

  Industrialization of Japan, 1890s
  locomotive
  Steamships
  Busy Trading port
  What time period in Japanese history is depicted in this painting? How do you know?
  

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  How does this image show a change in the way the Japanese view the West?
  Hiking Through The West, 1870
  - Kanagaki Robun
  Un-enlightened Man
  Half-enlightened Man
  Enlightened Man
  You guys are soooo last year.
  Hey, you’ve got to keep up with the times.
  This fraud in the top hat is a disgrace to Japanese culture.
  

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  How Did The Change In Military Impact Japan?
  What characteristics of the old way, the Bushido code, do you think continued?
  Modern Military
  Both
  Traditional Military
  Generosity toward the weak
  Dying an honorable death
  Reckless Courage
  Reverence to the gods
  Honor
  Bravery
  Swordsmanship
  Loyalty
  Fairness
  Leather armor, swords, bows and arrows
  Military uniforms
  Development of a navy
  Loyalty to the Emperor
  Use of guns and canons
  Loyalty
  Honor
  Reverence to the gods
  Swordsmanship
  Bravery
  Loyalty to the Emperor
  Reckless Courage
  Fairness
  Generosity toward the weak
  Leather armor, swords, bows and arrows
  Use of guns and canons
  Military uniforms
  Dying an honorable death
  Development of a navy
  

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  Unquestioning Admiration Of The West?
  What is the main idea of this picture?
  What is the author’s point of view?
  

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  Reactions to Westernization
  The Satsuma Rebellion 1877
  Takamori Saigo
  Many samurai were desperate with their situation and the loss of their former status.
  
  They gathered under Takamori Saigo and fought the battle of Satsuma In 1877. It was a clash of traditional samurai weapons against a modern army.
  
  60,000 government troops faced 40,000 rebels. The battle was a short one. The samurai rebels were completely defeated in a bloody battle.
  
  Takamori Saigo was wounded and committed suicide in samurai tradition. He became a hero for the Japanese.
  
  

• 28 слайд

  Cultures Combine
  How does this painting reflect both Japanese and Western culture?
  Fukuchi Gen’ichiro
  Editor-in-chief of first Tokyo newspaper who personally covered the Satsuma Rebellion and reported events to the Emperor.
  
  Question:
  

• 29 слайд

  Landscape art of the 16th Century displays themes of isolation, reflection, and simplicity. Japanese artists and scholars, emulated their Chinese mentors. This reflective, somewhat romantic ink landscape includes pale touches of red and yellow.
  
  What are the similarities and differences over time?
  Japanese Art Over Time
  

• 30 слайд

  Social Changes and Continuities
  Universal _________ system stressing science, technology, and loyalty to the nation.
  Adopted western fashions in dress, personal care, calendar, metric system
  ____________ led to smaller families, high divorce rate
  Changes:
  Continuities:
  _________ gained followers
  Women still seen as _______
  Manners, formalities, and diet remained constant
  education
  Urbanization
  Shintoism
  inferior
  

• 31 слайд

  Strains of Modernization
  Poor living standards existed in crowded cities
  Political differences led to instability and frequent assassinations of leaders
  Constant questioning and debate about ______________
  Disgruntled _________ class
  Need for raw materials
  Problems:
  Solutions:
  Urged loyalty to the Emperor as a center of _______________
  Sino-Japanese War 1894-1895
  Russo-Japanese War 1904
  Imperialism of Korea: Annexed in 1910
  
  Westernization
  Samuarai
  national identity
  

• 32 слайд

  Comparison to China
  Compare the actions of Japan and China in these two political cartoons.
  What do you think led to the condition of each nation?
  

• 33 слайд

  Imperialism in East Asia
  Which nation surprisingly has a sphere of influence in China?
  

• 34 слайд

  Value Line
  After viewing the problems that Japan has had to face, decide if you think Westernization was a good decision, a bad decision, or somewhere along the spectrum. Once you have decided, take your place accordingly on the value line in the front of the room. Be ready to explain the reasoning behind your position.
  Good Decision
  Bad Decision
  

• 35 слайд

  Western ____________ was adopted which allowed the Japanese to fully ______________ in less than 50 years. By the end of the Meiji Restoration, the Japanese no longer feared that they would be _____________. Rather, they set out to practice imperialism themselves to obtain power and ________ __________. Japan was quickly emerging as a world-class power using western technology and methods while still maintaining its ___________ _________ values.
  Final Thoughts
  technology
  industrialize
  imperialized
  natural
  traditional
  resources
  cultural
  This period was known as the _____ _____________.
  Meiji Restoration
  

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  Domo Arigato
  Thank You