Отчёт "Анализ предметной недели английского языка".

Lomovskaya  school

"Excursion route in the Nizhny Novgorod region«

Done by :

student of tenth class Valeria Kazakova
English teacher:

 Kokina Nataliya Nikolaevna.

2018г

Problem: what is the role of excursions in Nizhny Novgorod region
Objective: to explore  the sights of the developed cities of the Nizhny Novgorod region, to acquire new knowledge, to understand the significance of excursions.
  

Nizhny Novgorod region is considered one of the cultural and historical centers of Russia. The famous  village of Big Boldino is the ancestral land of the great A. Pushkin. On the map of Nizhny Novgorod region is Svetloyar lake, shrouded in the mysteries of history and legend about city of Kitezh. Nizhny Novgorod region is famous for its history, culture, unique nature of Central Russia.
I have been to  Diveevo,  Murom, Nizhny Novgorod, where  I saw a lot of  different attractions: monuments, churches, interesting places.                                                                                                                      Using the Internet I explored the sights of those cities in which I haven’t been. I think that excursions play an important role in people’s  life, this topic is relevant in our time.

1.      Introduction

2.      Main part:

Arzamas
Great Boldino
Bogorodsk
Gorodets
Diveevo
Nizhny Novgorod:

·           The Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin

·            Staircase of Chkalov

·         Monument to Minin and Pozharsky
Pavlovo
  Semenov
  Dzerzhinsk
                                                                                 

       3.   Conclusion                  
       4.   List of sources   used          
       5.   Applications

Arzamas

The city was built in the times of Ivan the Terrible, managed to retain some of its historical appearance, and, more importantly, numerous Orthodox churches and temples.

The most famous museum complexes of Arzamas  are the museums of A.P. Gaidar and A.M. Gorky. In Arzamas, there are so many churches - Vladimirskaya,  Znamenskaya,  Smolenskaya, Life-giving source, Blagoveshchenskaya - that sometimes it is called a city of temples.

 The first in Russia Arzamas  Stupino art school appeared in Arzamas  more than 200 years ago. It was founded by Alexander Stupin and his disciples.

The main value of the town are the monuments and architecture. Every street boasts  good sturdy houses built several centuries ago.

The Village Of Great Boldino

The village is first mentioned in history in 1585 - under the name Zabortniki (the population was engaged in collecting honey of wild bees). In the 17th century it was named Boldino. Since ancient times, this place belonged to the genus Pushkin, the great poet visited the estate three times in the 30-ies of the XIX century.

Here Alexander has created a number of world famous works. He has completed "Eugene Onegin", wrote "the tales of Belkin" and other works.

Located in Boldino State literary-memorial and natural Museum-reserve of Alexander Pushkin "Boldino", which is one of the largest and most famous Russian Pushkin Museum. Here Pushkin has experienced the rise of extraordinary inspiration. And the phrase "Boldino autumn" becomes a symbol of inspiration in any area of human creativity. The complex includes 13 buildings for residential and household purposes, nearby neighborhoods. The center of the Museum- estate with the manor house of Pushkin, surrounded by an old Park and ponds. Next to the house recreated lordly kitchen, human, stable with barn. The exposition of the Museum surprisingly accurately convey the rustic atmosphere into which plunged Pushkin came to Boldino.

Here are also the churches: the Assumption of Our Lady and the chapel of Michael the Archangel.                                                                

Bogorodsk

Bogorodskiy Museum keeps a unique collection of antique ceramics. Here you can learn about the history of the famous Bogorodskoye fishing — leather. The tradition of Bogorodskoye continue Bogorodskiy potters house craft and pottery "Gorsenia". The craft House is a Museum of ceramics, which presents a variety of products from clay . A lace-making bobbin is known to Balakhna. Collection balahanskogo lace is Balkanskom Museum. The Museum also displays wooden sculptures of the XVIII century, glassware , vintage sleds, bike and more.

Local Museum of Local Lyskova stores a rich collection of products of the Lyskov Masters. His pride is a unique collection of 24 samovars and a collection of chests. At the factory "Lyskovskie Uzory" you can see how the masters decorate the rich with embroidery clothes, tablecloth.

Gorodets

Gorodets was founded in the beginning of the XII century, but in 1172 it became a major trading center.

The city of craftsmen called Gorodets. Wooden houses of the city, decorated with wooden carvings, seem fabulous palaces. Stone houses decorated with porches with ornamental iron lace awnings . In one of these houses is the Museum.

. Gorodetskaya the earth cherishes and multiplies the traditions of folk arts and crafts. Here still flourish Gorodets painting, gold embroidery, basket weaving, pottery, baking honey cakes, wood carving.

 City of Masters – a complex of wooden buildings and structures, which presents the history of the Nizhny Novgorod Principality. Here you can see the Prince's Palace and the merchant houses and shacks of the peasants. This town is the legendary Museum of Samovars. The place of its location – the estate Grishaeva. This private collection contains more than 400 samovars and a few hundred irons. Of such institutions you can also visit the Gorodets Museum of regional studies and the Museum Gorodetsky carrot.

Diveevo

 The village appeared in 1559, he founded the Nogai Murza Divey, whose descendants later converted to Orthodoxy. Religious the center of the place began in the eighteenth century – when Agatha melgunova convinced the inhabitants to build the temple of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God. At the same time, formed a religious community, which in 1861 was transformed into a Seraphim-Diveevo monastery. Now the relics of Diveevo St. Seraphim of Sarov.    Around the monastery is a large number of springs with healing water, the Holy key of mother Alexandra, Kazan, St. Seraphim of Sarov the monastery there is a bathing pool where swimming is permitted all.                                                                                                      On the territory of the monastery are the Trinity and the Transfiguration cathedrals, the Kazan Church, the bell tower. Diveevo is the only lot of the virgin of the pious tourists try to visit her Groove is a place that can't get the Antichrist

Nizhny Novgorod

Nizhny Novgorod is the third largest city in Russia, the largest settlement in the Volga region. It is located at the confluence of the Volga river with its major tributary, the Oka.Nizhny Novgorod was founded as a wooden fortress on Dyatlovskij the mountains in 1221, the son of Prince Vsevolod the big nest-Yuri. The main sight is the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin which has been built in the 16th century. The Kremlin is the center and the heart of the city. This place where the history of Nizhny Novgorod has begun. The Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin began to be built in 1500 and finished in 11 years. In the cultural and historical building there are 13 towers. In his territory there are a museum, Philharmonic hall and also public authorities – prosecutor's office, arbitration court and the Registrar.                                                                    

  14 towers have been constructed in several tiers, in their form they have been closed. Up to now have remained 13 bashen-Koromyslovaya and Powder, Dmitriyevsky and Nikolsky, Streletsky and Borisoglebsk, the Storeroom and Northern, Hour and Ivanovo, Of St. George, White and Taynitsky. the 14th - Zachatyevskaya - has been destroyed in the 18th century as a result of a landslide. The administration of the Kremlin plans to restore a tower to return fortresses an original form. She had a square shape and two tiers. The Dmitriyevsky tower has been constructed on ruins on which construction of the Suzdal prince Dmitry was once ordered. In his honor she is called though other version is mentioned in chronicles. She says that the prince has constructed Saint Dimitrii's church. The tower is executed by a municipal coat of arms and Saint Georgy Vsevolodovich's icon. The Powder tower speaks about the mission - it was used as the main warehouse for gunpowder storage. In chronicles he is named sometimes Spasska - because of proximity of the cathedral of the same name. Near powder the beautiful circular framework in four tiers called in honor of the settlement of archers is located. The Streletsky tower has three windows on the third tier, and the fourth - three stone loopholes and eleven loopholes. In this case the first two levels are made without windows. The Nikolskaya Tower has received the name from Saint Nikolay's church. Unlike other constructions of this type he has the bridge which conducts to the Zelensky congress. The storeroom is adjoined by the Nikolskaya Tower which - as well as with gunpowder - was a usual warehouse for military needs. The Borisoglebsk tower in honor of martyrs princes-brothers Boris and Gleb constructed on the Volga River. Because of continuous attacks of Tatars she has strongly suffered, so in the 1620th years. she gives in to reconstruction. In the updated look she has staid till 1785. In the mid-sixties the    

archaeological expedition has found underground parts of tower constructions that has allowed architects to restore them again. Near Borisoglebsk there is a tower of the Saint Georgy who till

 the 17th century was a unique engineering construction of that time gate with the special lifting mechanism. In a form it square, is constructed in four tiers. The tower and the name has received because of a geographical arrangement on North side of the Kremlin. Near her there are hours, the famous clock of the 16th century. St. John the Baptist Church has given the name to the next towers in Ivanovo. The beautiful round tower revetted from below with a stone of white color is called white. He, as well as the majority of tower constructions, has four tiers. Because of Simeon's proximity the monastery, sometimes call Simeon.                                                                                                     

      Koromyslov's tower is known for the legend of the girl buried under a construction together with a yoke. According to national stories, in the 20th of the 16th century the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin has taken the next battering of Tatars. They have approached walls of fortress at night and began to wait for an opportunity for attack. They were accidentally found by the girl following early in the morning water with a yoke and buckets. Having seen enemies, she has killed ten of them with the yoke until the blow of the Tatar saber has torn off her life. The bravery of the girl has struck Tatars, as a result, they have decided not to contact soldiers of the Kremlin therefore the army has stopped trying to take control of the Kremlin. According to other version, the Kremlin began to be built with the Koromyslovy tower. For strengthening of value of fortress to the base it was necessary to put the person. About the Pochayna River have seized the young girl and have buried in the base together with a yoke.

Construction and one more tower - Taynitskoy is connected with the Pochayna River. From the river to the Kremlin I conducted a secret passage which passed through the base and walls of a construction. Under him the plant on production of gunpowder was located.

         The Chkalov Staircase
Chkalov Staircase is fine and monumental, constructed during the Soviet era. Chkalov Staircase - one of the most beautiful ladders in Russia. The huge ladder has been put in 1943, after the victory of the Soviet troops near Stalingrad. She bears a name of the famous test pilot and native of the Nizhny Novgorod province Valery Chkalov who has made in 1937 non-stop flight through the North Pole Moscow — Vancouver. Captured Germans took part in construction of a ladder in honor of a victory over Germans, of course. Construction has been complete in 1949. The ladder is executed in the form of the eight and contains 560 steps, on crossing of side descents there are two observation decks. Descent from the top observation deck where the monument to Valery Chkalov is established begins. In the lower part of a ladder the memorial — the boat "Hero" is established. Chkalov Staircase connects Minin Square and Pozharsky to Volga Embankment. Thanks to the monumentalism the construction can be seen even from the opposite coast of Volga.

Monument to Minin and Pozharsky 
The monument to Minin and Pozharsky established in Nizhny Novgorod is the well-known sculpture. It is constructed in memory of two national heroes. Kuzma Minin and Dmitry Pozharsky called these brave soldiers. The monument is in Nizhny Novgorod on the central square. The area in itself is a cultural monument and architecture. It is a huge complex which has public, political, art and cultural value. Near a monument there is a huge tower of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin which carries the name Ivanovskaya. She had important defensive value. Not casually near a monument the ancient Orthodox church - church of Christmas of John the Forerunner is located. His history of emergence is connected with the 15th century. And during war at a main entrance of church Kuzma Minin called residents of Nizhny Novgorod for fight against enemies of the Russian land. 

Pavlovo

Pavlovo – one more centre of unique trade production. It is called "The metalwork capital of Russia" - exactly here already four centuries forge the knives, locks and cold weapon, best in Russia. And the Pavlovsk plant of art hardware exactly here is located.

Here quite big collection of products of the Pavlovsk handymen, including the smallest lock in the world, the grounded flea and a knife which can be made out only under a magnifying glass is exposed.

Pavlovo – the homeland of the Nizhny Novgorod kanarovedeniye (cultivation of canaries) and also goose and cockfights.

The cultural heritage of the Nizhny Novgorod Region is stored, of course, first of all by the museums. In the museum of architecture traditions, life and the culture of the people of the Nizhny Novgorod region are widely presented.

About well-known the staleslesarnykh crafts, surprising skill of magicians-metalworkers tell collections and expositions of the Pavlovsk historical museum which fixed assets — more than 20 thousand objects. The collection of locks presented by exhibits weighing from 0,9 gram to 50 kg is especially interesting. The museum complex settles down in the mansion of the merchant of the II guild V.I. Gomulin.

Semyonov

Semyonov is in the north of the Nizhny Novgorod Region, it is surrounded with a forest ring and it is considered the capital of gold Khokhloma and the ancient centre of art processing of a tree. Semyonov is entered in the List of historical places of Russia as a town planning monument under the open sky. Old Belief way has left the mark on architecture. The city seems severe and strict. Of the merchant past of the city remind the remained sound houses of merchants. 
Semyonov – the centre world-famous Khokhloma painting and nested dolls. 
On the central square Lenin Square everywhere on fences, platbands the Semenovsky carving, painting, nested dolls. Also Semyonov and his districts long since were famous for lozhkarny trade. The quiet provincial town is proud of the crafts. 
One more tourist center in the center the Semyonov-gold complex Khokhloma. The tower has collected all richness of Khokhloma painting under a carved roof 
At the Semenovsky Painting plant do known the semenovskikh of nested dolls. A nested doll symbol of the Russian folk applied art, I was born exactly here. 
Semyonov – the city where it is possible to steep in the Russian culture and traditions.

Dzerzhinsk 
There are sights and cultural historic centers. In Dzerzhinsk the museums – Local history and of N.M. Rubtsov are located. In the city two theaters – doll and drama. 
The most interesting and memorable places in the city – monuments to F.E. Dzerzhinsky, V.I. Lenin, V.V. Mayakovsky. There is in also a memorial in honor of the died heroes here, it has been open in 1965 to this day glorifies a feat of soldiers and civilians which they have made during the Second World War. 
The main reason of a trip to Dzerzhinsk – the Shukhovsky tower. She thin and graceful, seems openwork, weaved out of thin steel rods. 
In spite of the fact that Dzerzhinsk more industrial, than cultural center, and in him is a lot of interesting.

Conclusion 

Each territorial unit of the Russian Federation is in own way good. Veliky Novgorod and Pskov help to plunge into primordially Russian history and to feel spirit of former times, Siberia attracts travelers to experience the virgin nature, the Astrakhan region feeds with fish and fascinates by gentle lotuses. And the Nizhny Novgorod Region offers literally everything – surprisingly beautiful nature, the boundless woods, the deep rivers, unique monuments of architecture and construction, objects of national trade and creativity, the historical and cultural and religious centers which impress and leave an indelible mark in memory!

   I explored  sights of the developed cities, villages of the Nizhny Novgorod Region, have acquired new knowledge, have understood,  how important are excursions.

List of sources   used :

http://buro-nnov.ru/достопримечательности

https://www.tour52.ru/online/vidy-otdyha/exkursii_po_nizhegorodskoy_oblasti.html#anchor_arzamas

http://lions-guides.ru/Nizhny-Novgorod-region

http://www.bigcountry.ru/page1.php?idm=80

   Applications

Arzamas

The Village Of Great Boldino

Bogorodsk

  

Gorodets

 

Diveevo

  

Nizhny Novgorod

  

Pavlovo

Semyonov

 

   

Dzerzhinsk