Бирюкова О.П.
учитель английского языка высшей категории
г. Брянск
МБОУ «Гимназия №7имени Героя России С.В. Василёва»
Гражданский Форум
как одна из форм обучения иностранному языку:
сценарий внеклассного мероприятия
В
новом образовательном стандарте введена новая рубрика: «опыт познавательной и
практической деятельности», что должно усилить практическую направленность
преподавания. Применение новых форм содержания требует введения новых форм
занятий и внеурочной деятельности. Занятие теперь это не только передача
знаний, а прежде всего обучение жизни в демократическом обществе и правовом
государстве, то, что называется социализацией личности.
Гражданский
форум - нетрадиционная форма занятия, это дискуссия, ведущаяся по особым
правилам, на основе дискуссионной брошюры или дискуссионного материала,
составленными учениками под руководством учителя в подготовительный период.
При
подготовке к форуму ученики собирают статистический материал по проблеме,
оформляя его в презентацию, составляют дискуссионную карту. Они также готовят
видео подборку по проблеме дальнейшего обсуждения.
Дискуссию
ведёт модератор, который отвечает за координацию всего процесса диалога. Из
ряда учащихся отбираются ведущие, которые представляют подготовленный материал,
как отправную точку дискуссии.
В
дальнейшем модератор предлагает взгляд на проблему с трёх различных точек
зрения в плане её решения, объективных сложностей на пути к этому, их существенных
преимуществ и рисков.
В ходе
обсуждения за круглым столом, учащиеся рассматривают три подхода, в это время
секретари из числа ведущих кратко фиксируют на доске все высказанные мнения.
В
итоге все могут наблюдать тенденцию мнений по данному вопросу, все за и против
и возможные пути решения проблемы. В конце дискуссии проводится рефлексия и
подведение итогов.
Гражданский
форум – это новый метод интерактивного обучения иностранному языку, который
стимулирует речевую деятельность.
Во-первых,
в решение учебных проблем вовлекаются все, так что пассивных молчунов
становится все меньше и со временем вовсе не остается.
Во-вторых,
учащиеся быстро приучаются к самостоятельности, отучаются от подсказок, так как
учитель никогда не сообщит готового ответа, и привыкают к мыслительному и
практическому поиску новых знаний для решения учебной задачи.
В-третьих,
обогащается опыт речемыслительного общения, когда учащийся незаметно для самого
себя приобретает начальные ораторские качества, учится быстро находить аргументы
и контраргументы в споре, стараясь использовать активный и пассивный словарный
запас по языку.
Проведение
подобного занятия требует серьезной предварительной подготовки, привлечение
дополнительных источников информации, методика затратная по времени. Но безусловно,
гражданский форум на иностранном языке – это не только метод, это - новая линия
поведения преподавателя, новая форма его взаимоотношения со учениками.
Вашему
вниманию предлагается примерный сценарий гражданского форума «Подростковая
преступность в Брянской области: пути решения проблемы».
The Civil Forum
“JUVENILE CRIME
IN THE BRYANSK REGION: THE SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEM”
Goals:
to
increase knowledge of students of such concepts as “disorderly conduct”,
“crime”, “an administrative offense”;
to
acquaint students with different aspects of the consequences of offences, from
the standpoint of law and from the point of view of morality;
to
foster law-abiding behavior;
to
develop civil and patriotic consciousness of students.
STAGE
1. “LET’S GET TO KNOW MORE ABOUT THE TECHNOLOGY OF DISCUSSION OF A CIVIC FORUM”
Presenter
1
Hello! We are pleased to welcome all of you here. You are participants of the
civil forum “JUVENILE CRIME IN THE BRYANSK REGION: THE SOLUTIONS TO THE
PROBLEM». The task of the participants of the forum is the search for some common
positions and views on the problem.
Presenter
2
During our discussion we will search the way out through understanding how this
problem affects people, through understanding some key factors of it, through the
analysis of all "FOR" and "AGAINST", as well as the price of
implications of each possible solution to the problem…
Presenter
1
…through accepting others’ points of view, through expressing your own ideas, through
overcoming a conflict of values. In the forum you will be able to learn about
the interconnectedness of freedom, responsibility and choice and discuss the
value of active involvement of every person in public life.
Presenter
2 We
hope
that as a result of this forum, you will understand the difference between
freedom and responsibility. Now we are going to say a few words about what a
civic forum is.
Presenter
3
How
to solve problems faced by our country, our city or village? Some rely on politicians
in the position of authority; others don’t, hoping only on themselves. However,
the effectiveness of these efforts is negligible, since it is impossible to
achieve success by the efforts of individuals without mutual support and
understanding. How do we learn to understand each other? How to learn to
negotiate?
Presenter
4
` Civic
forum is a new form of a discussion of socially significant problems for
Russian citizens which offers more than a normal conversation. After all, the
question is not whether to speak or not to speak and how to speak. Civic forum
is a school of co-decision, a choice of some common position in the open public
dialogue.
Presenter 3
Any
real choice is only possible when the surface conventional wisdom turns into a
deep social judgment. The view is like a snapshot of the mood of people. The
truth is born in the attempt to understand the positions of citizens, to find a
compromise, to foresee the consequences of decisions. It's not easy and
requires certain skills. The aim of civic forums is to give us such skills.
Presenter 4
Civic
forum suggests:
-
the
analysis of different approaches to solving problems;
-
the
discussion of all the pros and cons, costs and possible consequences of
decisions;
-
the
definition of a common platform for joint actions to tackle the problem.
Presenter
3
Each
person is provided with the opportunity to express his own opinion of solving
the problem through the dialogue with their fellow citizens and, thus, to
influence the political decision-making authorities.
STAGE
2. “CIVIC FORUM: OUR RULES”
Presenters
1,2,3,4 (in turn)
The moderator will
guide the discussion yet remaining neutral.
The moderator will
make sure that:
- everyone is encouraged to
participate;
- everyone understands that this is not
a debate;
- no one or two individuals dominate;
- the discussion will focus on the
choices;
- all the major choices or positions on
the issue are considered;
- the atmosphere for discussion and
analysis of alternatives is maintained;
- and we listen to each other.
STAGE
3. “VIDEO REVIEW OF THE PROBLEM”
Moderator
presents some video snippets about teenagers’ misbehavior, offences and crimes
all over the world, some piece of news on the problem from the local TV, the
opinion of psychologists.
STAGE
4. “INTRODUCTION: SOME STATTISTCS ON THE PROBLEM”
Presenter 5
During the last few years in the Bryansk
region the increase of juvenile delinquency is stated. Statistics shows that an
increasing number of minors commit thefts, robberies, crimes in the sphere of
illegal drug trafficking, murders. A special concern is serial crimes and
crimes committed by groups of young people, a growing number of especially
serious crimes, the trend of feminization of juvenile delinquency, the lowering
age of offenders. More and more teenagers commit crimes while intoxicated.
Moreover, offenses are committed by both guys from poor, single-parent
families, and prosperous ones.
Presenter
6
In recent years, our region faces a particularly
urgent problem of juvenile crime. Experts from various fields have expressed their
concern about the degradation of the younger generation, which has not yet
started to live, but has already deprived themselves of the prospects to find a
worthy place in the society.
Presenter
5
In 2015 Bryansk teenagers committed 354
crimes, according to the regional Prosecutor’s Office data. All in all,
teenagers committed 242 thefts, 21 robberies, 15 crimes related to drug
trafficking, nine robberies and two murders. Minor offenders committed 144
crimes in groups, 64 crimes in interaction with adults.
Presenter
6
There is a tendency to the criminal activity
of younger and younger children. In 2016 the number of adolescents in conflict
with the law increased again. Nearly every fifth crime is committed by minors
under the influence of alcohol or drugs. One of the burning problems was the
increase in juvenile female crime. The characteristic of crimes of minors is
that they are getting more violent, unmotivated, and aggressive.
Presenter
5
In 2016, the number of teenagers registered
in the government system of prevention increased from 418 to 490. 6443 parents
were brought to the administrative responsibility (+49,7%) and 384 adults
(+14,3%) were punished for the involvement of minors in the consumption of beer
and alcoholic beverages.
Presenter
6
Today there are five hundred children in
the rehabilitation regional center. In Bryansk 106 adolescents were being treated
for drug addiction at the moment.
What measures should be taken to reduce
and prevent the growth of juvenile crime in our area? The problem requires
public discussion and collaborative decisions.
STAGE 5. “BRAINSTORMING: IS THERE REALLY A PROBLEM?”
The following discussion is conducted by the moderator of the
forum. The presenters can take part in the discussion at the round table.
Moderator
Why are teens on the path of
delinquency and crime? Do you personally see the problem in our region? Maybe,
you have already come across the cases of teenagers’ crimes, or were even involved
in some acts of misbehavior.
The
participants of the forum discuss the possible reasons for teenagers’
misconduct. They also tell about their own experience of coming across juvenile
crime. The flowing materials from the Internet can be used as the examples
during the discussion.
Russian
Teenager Accused of Gay Propaganda
A schoolgirl in Russia's Bryansk region has been accused of breaking the
country's anti-gay propaganda law to
become the first minor to fall foul of the legislation.
An investigation
was launched after the girl "openly declared herself to be a person of
non-traditional sexual orientation", according to the online news
portal Znak.com. The
exact location and name of the girl, who is believed to be aged between 14 and
15, has not been revealed. She
was found guilty of "systematically disseminating information directed at
the formation of distorted ideas about social equality among traditional and
non-traditional sexual relations", according to the website. Authorities
reportedly dropped the criminal case against the teenager as she did not
sexually assault anyone. She will be placed under the supervision of the local
juvenile commission. The
Bryansk regional prosecutor's office said it was investigating the case.
Mode of access: wwwibtimes.co.uk
In the Bryansk region of the polling station was stolen
webcam In the village Sachkovichi Klimovsk district of the
Bryansk region disclosed the theft web cameras installed in the precinct. On
February 14 this website reported the Interior Ministry. Two Logitech
webcam and a laptop Lenovo were installed in the rural culture of the House to
broadcast presidential elections March 4, 2012. House of Culture was not
guarded, so the thief was able to February 12 easily break the glass, to get
inside, squeeze the metal box door and steal equipment. To
investigate the theft of the signal "levy" lifted the entire staff of
the Municipal Department of the Interior Ministry "Novozybkov" (and
the jurisdiction for this department Klimovsky district). In Sachkovichi left a
team of investigators led by Deputy Chief of Police Ministry of Internal Affairs
of the Bryansk region, Alexander Pozdnyakov. Soon,
the suspect in the theft was arrested. This young man previously convicted in
1990 of birth. During the search he found a camera and a laptop.
Mode of access: www.newspapers.ru
STAGE
6. “GOALSETTING: HOW OUR DISCUSSION WILL GO”
Moderator
We
invite you to consider and analyze three approaches to solving
the problem.
The first approach
assumes that in order to influence minors we need to undertake strict measures with
the principle of tightening punishments and its inevitability. The proponents
of the second approach believe that for the prevention of
delinquency and crime new approaches to forms and methods of upbringing and education
of the young generation in the direction of building respect for human values:
morals, morality, the culture of behavior should be created. The third
point of view implies that, for the prevention of crime among
adolescents it is necessary to expand the network of local agencies offering
employment and psychological assistance, as well as the organization of leisure
time of adolescents.
STAGE 7: “APPROACH 1: TIGHTENING OF CONTROL AND
RESPONSIBILITY”
The
participants of the forum discuss all the pros and cons of each approach. They
try to find out what special actions can be taken here and what risks are
possible. The ideas below can be used in the discussion.
Specific actions:
·
to reduce the age of bringing to
the administrative and criminal responsibility, from 14 to 12 years old;
·
to use such measures of punishment even
for minor offences as restriction and deprivation of freedom;
·
to strengthen parental
responsibility for upbringing and education of a child;
·
to strengthen responsibility for
parents who neglect their own children;
·
to toughen punishment for selling
alcoholic products to teenagers;
·
to apply wider temporary isolation of
adolescents who have committed offences;
·
to strengthen control over the children
who miss classes at school;
·
to make adolescents in conflict with
the law for the first time take part in public works;
·
to increase patrolling of the streets
by police in the evening and at night;
·
to promote and support the revival of
social forms for crime prevention (voluntary militia, civic patrols for the
protection of public order, etc.).
What supporters say:
·
there must be the inevitability of
punishment, as a measure of influence on minors. In case of impunity teenagers
commit another crime;
·
there is a positive
foreign experience of tougher relations in regard to juvenile offenders;
·
the fear of being punished can stop
people from committing crimes;
·
a public reprimand and a suspended
prison sentence are not taken seriously by teens;
·
all young murderers and rapists should
be isolated from society as they are dangerous for people.
Arguments of opponents:
·
the level of cruelty of adolescents has
increased significantly, crime has become much younger, and the level of
responsibility has remained the same in spite of all the strict measures;
·
the young should not be
responsible for minor crimes as adults;
·
the introduction of juvenile courts
should seriously reduce juvenile crime;
·
we don't give a chance to children
and teenagers to improve;
·
very strong measures don’t guarantee
law-abiding behavior;
·
the children of wealthy parents can
escape the punishment;
·
forbidden fruit is sweet; teenagers
think problems will not affect them.
What we risk:
It’s very difficult for adolescents
after the sentence to return to normal life in the society and there is a high
probability of re-offending.
STAGE 8: “APPROACH 2: LEGAL EDUCATION AND UPBRINGING”
Specific actions:
·
to introduce the subject “Law” to
schools;
·
to promote law-abiding behavior in the
media;
·
to create school councils for prevention
of offenses among teenagers;
·
to promote the formation of public
associations working with juveniles:
·
to strengthen the participation of
parents in the preventive work with teens;
·
to involve the representatives of the
Russian Orthodox Church, and other faiths in the enlightening work;
·
to teach parents constructive
interaction with adolescents;
·
to activate preventive work among
teenagers on the Internet.
What supporters say:
·
we need to return to a serious system
of education in schools, forming a system of human values among young
people;
·
we really need improvement of the
quality of educational work with authorities, organizations, citizens;
·
through these activities we can cover a
large number of people, including adolescents;
·
to develop and apply effective programs,
methods, training will have a very serious preventive effect;
·
skills and habits of behavior developed
in the childhood are an important aspect of the nature and seriously affect human
behavior in the future;
·
different violations of the law by a
persons of a young age indicate the existing shortcomings of education and the
need to eliminate them.
Arguments of
opponents:
·
we do not enough trained professionals
who know how to effectively conduct education among adolescents;
·
education is often given, as a rule,
formally, the main criterion is only the overall coverage of students;
·
the responsibility for prevention lies
within the power structures, and their work includes only informing about
problems not real help for the children who found themselves in a difficult
situation;
·
schools are not always willing to
cooperate with public organizations;
·
the crime rate has increased, despite
extensive prevention efforts, the existing laws, programs and projects;
·
children and adolescents are so busy and
overloaded with information in and out of school already.
What we risk:
To change human consciousness is a long and complicated way;
we will not be able to change the situation quickly.
STAGE 8: “APPROACH 3:
EMPLOYMENT AND ASSISTANCE”
Specific actions:
·
to expand the network of free clubs and
sections for teens;
·
to encourage the development of youth
organizations;
·
to revive the school psychological
support service;
·
to arrange special summer labor camps
for teenagers;
·
to develop neighborhood and family
sports and recreation;
·
to stimulate business to create workplaces
for teenagers;
·
to organize centers for the
prevention of family conflicts, in which any family or teenager can get help
and support.
What supporters say:
·
it is important to create as many
sports clubs and sections where adolescents will be engaged in something
useful;
·
we need to help teenagers in difficult
life situations, to provide timely psychological assistance and support;
·
it is important to create conditions so
that once those young people released from places of imprisonment, would have the
opportunity to integrate into the society and to find employment;
·
being busy a teenager can develop his
full potential, feel valued by other members of the society;
·
there is a demand and need for
meaningful and interesting leisure activities in all children and adolescents;
·
in those regions where programs of
prevention work properly, various ways of leisure activities are funded, the
juvenile crime indicators are lower than in other regions.
Arguments of opponents:
·
it is a very costly approach; the state
support is not sufficient for its realization;
·
many families can’t afford to pay for
sports clubs, sections because of their high prices;
·
today's children are very difficult to be
distracted from gadgets and be pulled out of the house;
·
despite the fact that most young people,
have a working profession, they are still reluctant to take a job;
· many existing youth organizations have failed to win broad
recognition of the youth
·
there are too few youth organizations
which have become a notable assistant in addressing youth problems and education of the
young generation;
·
we do not have enough professionals
able to work with teenagers based on their own social-psychological
characteristics.
What we risk:
It is very difficult to involve everyone; especially
homeless adolescents or those who have problems with the law into socially
meaningful activities.
STAGE 9: “CONCLUSION”
Moderator
To draw the line, we can see
that we have made a complete review of the problem. Now we can come to some
conclusions. So, the most relevant problems of our modern society include the
rise in crime among the young, the spread of violence in youth environment. The
rise in teenage crime today is one of the urgent problems in our region. There
is a very negative trend here nowadays: crime is getting younger, we have re-increased
juvenile delinquency, more girls commit offences, and the level of violence of
crimes committed by young people has significantly increased.
We offered you to discuss
this all in the Civil Forum. As far as you remember, the first approach said that we
needed strict prohibitive and repressive measures in relation to any criminal
conduct. Let us see how many minuses and
pluses we have in this approach. The second
approach was aimed at raising law-abiding and caring attitude to the
young citizens who have problems with the law. Let’s
compare it with the first approach and see whether the participants were more
or less positive about it. The third approach was aimed at the creation
of conditions for employment, leisure of the younger generation and the
provision of social support and assistance to young people who have already
committed crimes. If we look at the pros and cons
of this approach we can define which approach is seen as the most efficient by
our participants at the moment.
STAGE 10: “REEFLECTION”
At
the end of the forum all the participants fill in the questionnaire on the
results of the discussions to see what common conclusion is possible to come to
after the all-side view of the problem.
ENTER ANY THREE-DIGIT CODE:
1. Below there are THREE
REASONS why we can consider this topic relevant. Which would you define as the
1st on the relevance of, the 2nd, the 3rd? (Enter “1”,”2*’3” in the squares)
·
The
lack of proper attention and supervision from parents and responsible services,
too soft responsibility for committing a crime lead to the confidence in their
impunity and unlawful behavior.
·
The
growth of adolescent delinquency is the consequence of inadequate education at
home and school, ignorance of minors of their rights and responsibilities,
non-compliance with the basic norms of ethics, morality, culture of behavior in
the society.
·
The
problem of teenage crime is aggravated by unsatisfactory organization of
leisure and employment of the younger generation, weak social system of support
and assistance to young people with some problems with the law.
2) Below there are THREE
strategies that we, as a society, can choose. Which would you define as the
best, less successful, the worst (respectively: 1-I 2-I, 3-I)?
·
for
you personally
·
for
your family
·
for
our country
What is the degree of
importance of this issue in your opinion? (very important, important,
unimportant, important at all, I don`t know) Enter “1” 2”3" into the
squares (respectively: 1-I 2-I, 3-I)?
·
Strict
control over "difficult" teenagers, tougher penalties for offences
and crimes, strengthening of responsibility of parents for default of duties on
education of their children will help to change the situation for the better.
·
The
prevention of delinquency and crime of adolescents must be associated care and
education of young people, formation of legal awareness, respect for universal
values: ethics, morals, behavior in society.
·
It
is necessary to create conditions for employment, leisure of the younger
generation and provision of social support and assistance to adolescents who
have problems with the law
Thank
you for your active participation!
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