ANTARCTICA
1.
Antarctica is the bottom of the
world, where winds can reach 320 kph and temperatures can plunge below 85°C. It
seems lifeless but a closer look reveals an amazing abundance of life. The
coastal waters are filled with plankton and fish, and its thick ice is
perforated by the breathing holes of seals. Antarctica is home to thousands of
penguins and seagull-like birds. The ice itself is permeated with algae and
bacteria.
2.
There
is another sort of life as well. All around Antarctica the coast is dotted
with corrugated-metal buildings, oil-storage tanks and garbage dumps –
unmistakable signs of man. Not fewer than 16 nations have established permanent
bases on the only continent that belongs to the whole world. They were set up
mainly to conduct scientific research but they have become magnets for
boatloads of tourists who come to look at the peaks and the penguins.
Environmentalists fear that miners and oil drillers may not be far behind.
Already the human invaders of Antarctica have created an awful mess in what was
recently the world’s cleanest spot. Over the years they spilled oil into the
seas, dumped untreated sewage off the coasts, burned garbage in open pits, and
let huge piles of discarded machinery slowly rust on the frozen ground.
3.
News
of the environmental pollution has unleashed a global wave of concern about
Antarctica’s future. How best to protect Antarctica has been a topic of fierce
debate all over the world.
4.
Despite
the damage done, so far Antarctica is still largely pristine, the only wild
continent left on earth. There scientists can study unique ecosystems and
climatic disturbances that influence the weather patterns of the entire globe.
The research being done on the frozen continent cannot be carried out anywhere
else. Therefore many people argue that the continent should be turned into a
“world park” in which only scientific research and limited tourism would be
permitted.
Примечания к тексту:
1.
kph
– kilometers per hour
2.
as
well – кроме того
3.
unmistakable
signs of man – несомненные признаки присутствия человека
4. boatloads of tourists – огромное количество туристов
5.
so
far – до сих пор
6.
despite
the damage done – несмотря на причинённый вред
I.
EXERCISES.
1. Найдите в тексте слова, имеющие сходные корни
с русскими словами. Запомните их значения.
Температура, перфоратор, бактерия,
металлический, нация,
кондуктор, туризм, протекция, дебаты, климат,
уникальный.
2. Напишите от каких глаголов образованы
следующие
существительные, взятые из
текста, и дайте их перевод.
Invader,
pollution, drillers, buildings, sewage.
3. Переведите письменно следующие предложения из
текста,
обращая внимание на степени
сравнения прилагательных и
наречий.
1)
Antarctica seems lifeless but a
closer look reveals an amazing abundance of life.
2)
Not fewer than 16 nations
have established permanent bases on the only wild continent.
3)
The human invaders of Antarctica
have created an awful mess in the world’s cleanest spot.
4)
How best to protect
Antarctica has been a topic of fierce debate all over the world.
4. Найдите русские эквиваленты (колонка В) к
английским словам и выражениям (колонка А) и запомните их.
1. lifeless
2. amazing abundance
3. algae and bacteria
4. oil-storage tanks
5. permanent bases
6. scientific research
7.environmentalists
8. over the years
9. frozen ground
10. all over the world
|
1. научное исследование
2. защитник окружающей среды
3. замерзшая земля
4. на протяжении многих лет
5. изумительное изобилие
6. во всем мире
7. безжизненный
8. водоросли и бактерии
9. емкости для хранения нефти
10.
постоянные базы
|
5. Напишите
развернутые ответы на следующие вопросы, исходя из содержания текста.
1)
What does a closer look at Antarctica
reveal?
2)
How many nations have established
their permanent bases on the continent? What for?
3)
What are the results of the human
activity in Antarctica?
4)
What kinds of research can
scientists conduct in Antarctica?
5)
Why is it necessary to turn this wild
continent into a “world park”?
6. Составьте и
запишите два вопроса на английском языке к предложениям третьего абзаца.
IV. TEST
I.
Соедините подходящие по
смыслу части предложений.
1.
The ice itself is permeated…
2.
Environmentalists fear that miners
and oil drillers…
3.
How best to protect Antarctica…
4.
There scientists can study…
5.
Antarctica is home to thousands
of…
|
a)
penguins and seagull –like birds
b)
unique ecosystems and climatic
disturbances
c)
with algae and bacteria
d)
may not be far behind
e) has been a topic of
fierce debate
all over the world.
|
II.
Укажите
номера абзацев, которые содержат информацию для ответов на вопросы
ниже:
a)
Какие
исследования проводят ученые в Антарктиде?
b)
Почему
Антарктида притягивает к себе огромное количество туристов?
c)
Какие
живые существа можно встретить в Антарктиде?
III.
Прочитайте следующие
утверждения и определите , являются ли они, согласно тексту, верными (Т),
неверными (F) или не обсуждаются совсем (N).
1. There are no seals, penguins and seagull - like
birds in Antarctica.
2. Oil-storage tanks and dumps of
garbage are unmistakable signs of man.
3. Antarctica is the only continent that belongs to
the whole world.
4. Antarctica is the territory of permafrost .
5. There is no need to protect
Antarctica because it is the world’s cleanest spot.
IV.
Расположите
следующие предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получилось краткое изложение
содержания текста.
1. The research being
done on the frozen continent cannot be carried out anywhere else.
2. Antarctica seems
lifeless but a closer look reveals an amazing abundance of life.
3. The human invaders
of Antarctica have already created an awful mess on the continent.
4. The permanent
bases of different countries were set up to conduct scientific research.
5. News of the
environmental pollution has unleashed a global wave of concern about
Antarctica’s future.
V.
Напишите краткое изложение текста на русском языке. Проком ментируйте часть
текста, которая вам показалась наиболее интересной.
KEYS
I.
1 – c, 2-d, 3-e, 4-b, 5-a. II. a-4, b-2, c-1. III. 1-F, 2-T, 3-T, 4-N,
5-F. IV. 2, 4, 3, 5, 1.
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