Sports and Olympic Games
A lot of people all over the world are interested in sport. Sport
helps people to stay in good shape, keeps them fit, healthy and makes them more
organized and better disciplined in there daily activities. We have always paid
great attention to sport in our schools, colleges and universities. You can
hardly find a school without a gym or a sport ground. Every city and town has a
few stadiums or swimming pools where local competitions are usually held. It's
been a tradition in Russia to divide sport into professional and amateur. There
are different sporting societies and clubs in Russia. Many of them take part in
different tournaments and are known all over the world. A great number of world
records have been set by Russian sportsmen: gymnasts, weightlifters, tennis
players, swimmers, figure skaters, runners, high jumpers. Our sportsmen also
participate in the Olympic games and always win a lot of gold, silver and
bronze medals. The Olympic Games have a very long history.
They began in 777 BC in Greece and took place every four years for nearly
twelve centuries at Olimpia. They included many different kinds of sports:
running, boxing, wrestling, etc. All the cities in Greece sent their best
athletes to Olimpia to compete in the Games. For the period of the Games all
the wars stopped. So the Olympic Games became the symbol of peace and
friendship. In 394 AD the Games were abolished and were not renewed until many
centuries later. In 1894, a Frenchman, Baron Pierre de Coubertin, addressed all
the sports governing bodies and pointed out the significance of sports and its
educational value. Two years later the first modern Olympic Games took place.
Of course, the competitions were held in Greece to symbolize the continuation
of the centuries-old tradition. In 1896 the International Olympic Committee was
set up. It is the central policymaking body of the Olympic movement. It is
formed by the representatives of all countries which take part in the Olympic
Games. The International Olympic Committee decides upon the programme of the
games, the number of the participants and the city-host for the Games. Over one
hundred and fifty countries are represented in the International Olympic
Committee now. Besides, each country has its National Olympic Committee. Summer
and Winter Games are held separately. There are always several cities wishing
to host the Games. The most suitable is selected by the International
Committee. After that the city of the Games starts preparations for the
competitions, constructs new sports facilities, stadiums, hotels, press
centers. Thousands of athletes, journalists and guests come to the Games, and
it takes great efforts to arrange everything. There is always an interesting
cultural programme of concerts, exhibitions, festivals, etc., for each Games.
Russia joined the Olympic movement in 1952. Since then it has won a lot of
gold, silver, and bronze medals. In 1980 Moscow hosted the Twenty-Second
Olympic Games. The latest Olympic Games were held in Barcelona. Russia sportsmen
got medals for their records in many sports events.
Sports in Great
Britain
The British are known to be great
sport-loves, so when they are neither playing, nor watching games, they like to
talk about them. Many of the games we play now have come from Britain. One of
the most British games is cricket. It is often played in schools, colleges,
universities and by club teams all over the country. Summer isn't summer
without cricket. To many Englishmen cricket is both a game and a standard of
behaviour. When they consider anything unfair, they sometimes say "That
isn't cricket". But as almost everywhere else in the world, the game,
which attracts the greatest attention is Association football, or soccer. Every
Saturday from late August till the beginning of May, large crowds of people
support their favourite sides in football grounds. True fans will travel from
one end of the country to the other to see their team play. There are plenty of
professional and amateur soccer clubs all over Britain. International football
matches and the Cup Finals take place at Wembley. Rugby football is also very
popular and mainly amateurs play it. Next to football, the chief spectator
sport in British life is horseracing. A lot of people are interested in the
races and risk money on the horse, which they think will win. The Derby is
perhaps the most famous single sporting event in the whole world. Britain is
also famous for motorcar racing, dog-racing, boat-racing, and even races for
donkeys. The famous boat race between the teams of Oxford and Cambridge
attracts large crowds of people. A great number of people play and watch
tennis. Tennis tournaments at Wimbledon are known all over the world. The
innumerable tennis courts of Britain are occupied by people between the ages of
16 and 60 who show every degree of skill - from practically helpless to the
extremely able. The British also like to play golf, baseball, hockey, and
grass-hockey. Various forms of athletics, such as running, jumping, swimming,
and boxing are also popular. You can sometimes hear that there are no winter
sports in England. Of course the English weather is not always cold enough to
ski, skate, or toboggan, but winter is a good season for hunting and fishing.
Indeed sport in one form or another is an essential part of daily life in
Britain
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