Tides in the Arctic

• 1 слайд

  Tides in the Arctic
  Ruslan May
  

• 2 слайд

  Cotidal map by Robert von Sterneck (1928)
  

• 3 слайд

  Gjevik B., Straume T. Model simulations of the M2 and K1 tide in the Nordic Seas and Arctic Ocean // Tellus. 1989. Vol. 41A, N1. p 73-96
  
  Kowalik, Z., Proshutinsky, A.Y. The Arctic Ocean Tides // The Polar Oceans and their role in shaping the global environment. Geophysical Monograph 85, edited by O. M. Johannessen, R. D. Muench, and J. E. Overland, AGU, Washington, D. C., pp. 137-158, 1994. http://www.ims.uaf.edu/tide/
  

• 4 слайд

  Cotidal maps of semidiurnal tidal waves (Kowalik, Proshutinsky; 1994)
  
  http://www.ims.uaf.edu/tide/
  S2
  M2
  

• 5 слайд

  Cotidal maps of diurnal tidal waves (Kowalik, Proshutinsky; 1994)
  
  http://www.ims.uaf.edu/tide/
  K1
  O1
  

• 6 слайд

  (Kowalik, Proshutinsky; 1994)
  Characteristics of tidal currents
  

• 7 слайд

• 8 слайд

  Padman, L., Erofeeva S. A barotropic inverse tidal model for the Arctic Ocean, Geophys. Res. Lett., 2004 ,Vol. 31, No. 2.
  
  Model is available from
  http://www.esr.org/AOTIM/arctic_summary.html
  

• 9 слайд

  Amplitudes and phases of semidiurnal tidal wave (Padman, Erofeeva; 2004)
  
  

• 10 слайд

  Amplitudes and phases of diurnal tidal wave (Padman, Erofeeva; 2004)
  
  

• 11 слайд

  Mean tidal current speed (cm/s) (Padman, Erofeeva; 2004)
  
  

• 12 слайд

  The ice cover influence on tidal movements has following effects:
  
  The occurrence in a tidal stream the under-ice boundary layer
  
  The tidal wave reflection from border between sea ice and open water
  
  Reduction of propagation speed and amplitudes of tidal waves under fast ice.
  

• 13 слайд

  Variability of harmonic constants in Arctic
  Владимир Юльевич Визе
  Vladimir Wiese
  (1889-1954)
  

• 14 слайд

  Variability of harmonic constants
  White Sea
  

• 15 слайд

  37%
  50%
  long-term variability of harmonic as modulation by nonlinear tidal waves
  

• 16 слайд

  
  http://oceanworld.tamu.edu/resources/ocng_textbook/contents.html
  http://www.oceanographers.ru/
  

• 17 слайд

  Literature
  G. Godin “The Analysis of Tides” – Л.: University of Toronto Press, 1972.
  
  В.Р. Ржонсницкий “Приливные движения” – Л.: Гидрометеоиздат, 1979 г.
  
  

• 18 слайд

  Literature
  А.И. Дуванин “Приливы в море” – Л.: Гидрометеоиздат, 1960 г.
  
  А.В. Некрасов “Приливные волны в окраинных морях” – Л.: Гидрометеоиздат, 1975 г.
  
  А.В. Некрасов “Энергетика океанских приливов” – Л.: Гидрометеоиздат, 1990 г.
  

• 19 слайд

  Tidal questions in the examination paper
  № 1
  What are tides and tide-producing forces?
  (At what zenith length values horizontal and vertical components of tide-producing forces will be minimum and maximum? The vertical or horizontal component of tide-producing forces form tides in the Ocean? Why?)
  
  Tides № 2
  

• 20 слайд

  № 2
  Describe elements of a tidal wave.
  (What are the High Water, Low Water, Lunitidal interval, a tidal range, amplitude of tide, the period of a tidal wave? How the period and frequency of tidal wave are connected? What types of tides exist in the Ocean? What type of tides has widest distribution? Where are the maximum tidal ranges in the World and in Russia?)
  
  Tides № 1
  

• 21 слайд

  № 3
  By means of the Equilibrium theory of tides explain the reason of diurnal, semidiurnal, mixed tides and tidal inequalities.
  (List the basic assumptions of Equilibrium theory of tides. What are tidal inequalities? What tidal inequalities of tides do exist?)
  
  Tides № 2.
  
  

• 22 слайд

  № 4
  Than the Laplace’s tidal equations differ from the modern equations of tidal dynamics?
  (Write equations of tidal dynamic, specify the nonlinear terms of equations. What methods of the decision of the dynamics equations exist?)
  
  Tides № 3, Tides № 7
  
  
  

• 23 слайд

  № 5
  What is the harmonic analysis of tides?
  (Write a basic equation of tidal prediction. List the Darwin’s names of the basic tidal waves on Darwin’s classification, specify their periodicity. What are shallow-water constituent (overtides and compound tides) of tides? What reason of overtides and compound tides?)
  
  Tides № 4, Tides № 6, Tides № 7
  
  
  

• 24 слайд

  № 6
  Describe elements of cotidal map.
  (What are the cotidal line, co-range line, amphidromic point, amphidromic systems, nodal zones? How are differ Harris’s and Taylor’s amphidromic systems? How to define direction of tidal waves propagation using cotidal maps?)
  
  Tides № 5