9 form
Hello, everyone. I’m glad
to see you.
First, ex. 1 p. 110
What is a conditional
sentence in Russian? What is it used for? How many types of conditionals do you
know?
Zero conditional
How is it formed? (IF
present simple, THEN present simple)
When is it used? Give
examples.
scientific facts: If you heat water, it
boils.
general truths (прописные истины): If you drop a book, it falls.
rules: If you drink
alcohol, don’t drive.
obvious causes or
effects: If you pull the plug, the computer turns off.
routine actions: When I
type, I use glasses.
First conditional
How is it formed? (IF
present simple, future simple)
When is it used? (future
events that are likely to happen) Give examples.
If we take John, he'll be
really pleased.
If you give me some
money, I'll pay you back tomorrow.
If they tell us they want
it, we'll have to give it to them.
If Mary comes, she'll
want to drive.
Ex. 3
2 If it doesn’t rain
tomorrow/Unless it rains tomorrow, we’ll go on a picnic. 3 If he doesn’t study
hard/Unless he studies hard, he won’t pass the exams. 4 If you don’t drive more
carefully/Unless you drive more carefully, you’ll have an accident. 5 If you mix
red and white, you get pink. 6 If you go to the chemist’s, will you buy me some
aspirin? 7 If I see Jane, I’ll give her your message. 8 If you don’t
hurry/Unless you hurry, you’ll be late for school.
Second conditional
How is it formed? (IF
past simple, would + inf.)
When is it used? (things
in the future that are probably not going to be true. Maybe I'm imagining some
dream for example)
If I won the lottery, I
would buy a big house.(I probably won't win the lottery)
If I met the Queen of
England, I would say hello.
She would travel all over
the world if she were rich.
She would pass the exam
if she ever studied.(She never studies, so this won't happen)
OR something in the
present which is impossible, because it's not true. Is that clear? Have a look
at the examples:
If I had his number, I
would call him. (I don't have his number now, so it's impossible for me to call
him).
If I were you, I wouldn't
go out with that man.
Third conditional
How is it formed? (IF
past perfect, would + have + V3)
When is it used? (to
describe a situation that didn't happen, and to imagine the result of this
situation).
If she had studied, she
would have passed the exam (but, really we know she didn't study and so she
didn't pass)
If I hadn't eaten so
much, I wouldn't have felt sick (but I did eat a lot, and so I did feel sick).
If we had taken a taxi,
we wouldn't have missed the plane
She wouldn't have been
tired if she had gone to bed earlier
She would have become a
teacher if she had gone to university
He would have been on
time for the interview if he had left the house at nine.
Ex. 4
1 don’t water – Type 0; 2
will invite – Type 1; 3 had asked – Type 3; 4 will go – Type 1; 5 would clean –
Type 2; 6 would have bought – Type 3; 7 exercised – Type 2; 8 study – Type 1; 9
had come – Type 3; 10 arrived – Type 2
Ex. 5
1 hadn’t broken … would
be able to play football; 2 hadn’t been … wouldn’t have had; 3 use … will hurt;
4 would you do … would help; 6 were … would wait; 7 wear … will catch
Ex. 6
1 If you mix blue and
red, you get violet. 2 If it rains this weekend, I’ll stay home and read a book.
3 If I had to go and live on a desert island and could take only three things
with me, I’d take my laptop, my MP3 player and my old teddy bear. 4 If I had
been born two hundred years ago, my life so far would have been much more
difficult than it is now. 5 If I had woken up late this morning, I would have
missed the first lesson at school.
Have a look at the texts
(handouts) I’ll READ IT
Develop Three Healthy Habits to Live
a Long Life
These has never been a time in human history where you can live
and better then you can today.
Incredible advances in healthcare enable people to overcome
disease and continue to thrive well into the seventies and eighties and
even nineties. Perhaps the largest group in America today is people who are 90
or 100 years old or more. And your job is to join this group and to be fit and
healthy all the days of your life.
For almost the entire history of the human race, longevity
was a matter of accident or coincidence. Today longevity is a matter of design
and choice. You can actually decide today to enjoy superb levels of physical
health. By developing specific health habits you can assure you live
longer and better than has been possible for any other generation in human
history.
o
The first habit you have to develop is the habit of achieving and
maintaining your proper weight. More than 60 percent of adult Americans
today are officially classed as overweight, and a half of those are obese,
which means 20 percent or more above their ideal weight. Even worse,
there are millions of those who are officially classified as morbidly obese. ‘Morbidly
obese’ means that they’re 40 or 50 percent above their ideal weight.
Everything you are or ever will be is the result of your own
choices and decisions. If you want to change any aspect of your life, you have
to make new choices and better decisions. And then you must discipline yourself
to follow your decisions. Being overweight is very much a matter of choice. No
one can eat for you but yourself.
If you want to lose weight, you need to burn more
calories than you take in. It is not easy to lose weight. Look at it as a
lifestyle change decision.
o
The second habit you need to develop for a long life is a habit of
eating a proper diet. You have to eat right foods in right proportions
at the right times and make it a lifelong commitment. In addition to
eating more fruit, vegetables and whole-grain products, you should eliminate
the three white poisons from your diet. These are salt, sugar and flour.
This change is so simple and so powerful that you will be amazed at how quickly
you get noticeable results. Just stop adding salt to your food, stop
consuming sugar-based products – candy, desserts, soft drinks and so on.
And you don’t need anything with white flour, including pasta, bread, rolls,
donuts etc.
o
The third habit you need to develop is the habit of effective
exercise. The human body is made up of 610 muscles and it’s meant to be
exercised regularly throughout your life. You need to develop a habit of
articulating and moving every joint of your body every single day. This assures
you have greater balance and mobility. If you discipline yourself to ride an exercise
bicycle or work out on a treadmill, or swim, or jog, you will
among the fittest persons in our society.
Ask each other questions about this text.
P. 112 Healthy habits
достижения в области здравоохранения
победить болезни
долголетие
превосходный уровень физического здоровья
выработать особые привычки
надлежащий вес
избыточный вес
страдающий ожирением
болезненное ожирение
идеальный вес
приучить себя
терять вес
сжигать калории
решение изменить образ жизни
правильное питание
на всю жизнь
цельнозерновые продукты
устранить
получить заметные результаты
продукты с высоким содержанием сахара
эффективное упражнение
велотренажер
тренироваться
беговая дорожка
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