Research work :
"Robots in human life"
Nowadays we are surrounded by robots. This topic is
very broad in our day as about robots make films, write articles columns about
them, so in the internet about them a lot of information ...
I believe that the robot will not integral part of man.
The robot will be next to a man, will help him
and so on. In general, robots will evolve and develop their Bulut create and
establish as a robot can play in human life is not a small value. Robots have replaced humans in a rather complex and
dangerous work. And humanity is just as napolzu reduced human injury
and death.
The aim of the research is to study the possible
causes of the influence of the robot on human life. Starting from this goal, I set the following objectives:
1. To study the scientific literature on this
topic.
2 .Contains the necessary information demonstrates the
importance of the invention of robots.
3.To identify the positive
and negative sides of the robot importance in human life.
The object of study is a robot with
its functions.
The subject is the impact of robots in
human life.
On this day, this
is the problem of influence on the robot's life is very crucial. Exhibitions
of robots, each robot is original. Though you see robots not every day, but
they are popular they are shown on television and so on. But not every one of
us wondered how the robot will affect a person's life.
Having set a goal and objectives, I held a public poll on
school № 1.
Robots in antiquity.
The history of robots and similar creations are rooted
in antiquity. For example, there is a myth about how the ancient Greek god of
the blacksmith Hephaestus created themselves servants of the metal. As well known myth of Pygmalion and Galatea - revived
the statue, which was in love with the sculptor. From Jewish mythology
out the Golem - the creation of clay, animated by the mysterious rituals. If
you believe the Bible, and Adam, in some sense, is the likeness of a robot and
a golem at the same time - because God created him from clay and then breathed
life into him.
In 1950 in the works of the
great genius of all time Leonardo da Vinci, scientists have found drawings of a
mechanical knight who can ride a horse, and fight using various weapons. Plans
dated 1495 year.
Later devices robots used magicians and illusionists in
their submissions. Everyone knows the focus from the orange tree, when the pot
to the ground for a few moments would grow "true" fruit-bearing
trees, is actually a complex mechanism.
In 1738, the
first working humanoid device (an android), a French engineer and inventor
Jacques de Vokanson. His robot was playing a different tune on the
flute.
Robots in the Modern World
Of course, all these myths and facts are
reflected in the literature. Be the first robot wrote Homer in
"Iliad," even though he only told the myth of Hephaestus. The novel
"Frankenstein or the Modern Prometheus" (1818) as often as the first
product, which embodies the problem of man and his living creation. However,
the word "robot" first appeared in the product "Rossumskie
Universal Robots" Czech writer Karel Capek. The
word «robota» Czech language means "hard labor", "hard
work" - hence appeared «robot». The play, "Ruhr" takes
place at the factory for the production of robots, though they were not made of
steel machines, but rather androids - in fact they were created from human
tissues. Capek first asked the question to
readers - whether humanely use artificial people as expendable material and
what the consequences might have to create them.
And, of course, for many the word
"robot" is strongly associated with the name of a famous science
fiction writer Isaac Asimov.
Azimov is not only
dedicated robots most of his works, he is also the author of the famous
"Three Laws of Robotics":
1. A robot may not harm humans or, through
inaction, allow a person was injured.
2. A robot must obey orders a person to the extent that it
does not conflict with the First Law.
3. A robot must protect its security in the extent to
which it is not contrary to the first and second laws.
However, Asimov said repeatedly that its laws
are not absolute, and even argued that they can be circumvented in any given
situation. But despite this, Three Act and to
this day considered a guarantor of future security of mankind and the
protection of artificial intelligence. After Asimov large number of
authors have described in their writings the various aspects of the
relationship between humans and robots.
Types of robots
Mega Hurtz Tactical Robot - multi-robot
killer. This robot is the personal development
of Chris Rogers (Chris Rogers). This machine terrific, easy-to-remember
name - «Mega Hurtz Tactical Robot», which translated to English means, roughly,
as follows: "I am - a tactical robot. Hit you it hurts!
"Nevertheless, despite its funny name, this robot has a mass of serious
merit. For example, this machine is controlled remotely. To do this, you will be
given a virtual headset, through which you can change the direction of
"killer robot" remotely. This robot can easily break through the wall
of concrete. Also, at this "killer" set Sentry: rate of 20 rubber
bullets in a second. Weighs a miracle of technology about 130 pounds. The machine can do everything your heart desires, even
the run up to your feet on a certain team!
Gun mounted on the robot, not deadly. But if this
development will fall into the hands of the U.S. military: air force, navy,
special forces, and not so secret services, the bloodshed is inevitable. Do not underestimate the capacity of this machine.
There are several delivery options «Mega Hurtz Tactical
Robot», they differ, only, built-in tool. For
example, there is a version of the game with a gun paintball, assault rifle, as
well as a limited edition with infrared night vision device, which, in essence,
is a wireless means. To all this, this machine has all-wheel drive to
all four wheels with higher frequency of torque. This is a really
"killer". At least, based on the specifications.
The project «Mega Hurtz Tactical Robot» focused
on Special Forces SWAT, emergency services, rapid response teams, as well as
security systems. As developers say: "Security for our people above all
else! A robot, so that these robots, we still do it! "How very nice of
them!
Scientific laboratory to
Mars for a long time working on an instrument that will measure radiation
levels on the planet. Radiation Assessment Detector (Detection and
Evaluation of radiation), simply as RAD. The robot will monitor any type of
radiation that can damage the living organism. By the way, this tool will
measure the surface of Mars.
This measurement will be done with a view to
landing people on Mars, where they waited for a favorable habitat conditions. To all this, this robot is interested in NASA because
the measurement is very accurate. This makes it easy for astronauts to
see whether land is, or elsewhere.
In any case,
regardless of what place the galaxy astronaut is going to visit, whether it be
an asteroid, or moon, protection against radiation is necessary in any case. This
makes the robot RAD universal. Also, this unit can calculate the amount of
radiation to the outer paths of Earth-Mars.
RAD tool will monitor the incoming solar energy
in the form of atomic and subatomic particles. A meeting of a living person
with such a substance may result in lethal. A lot of these particles, as a
matter of Mars, and on the outer track.
RAD robot weighs about two pounds, as well as
the telescope, which monitors the changes in static particles with mass, like
iron. Also, this machine can detect secondary
neutrons, which are prevalent on Mars. The command for creating RAD includes
scientists, experts in the field of geology, most of this astronaut developers
directly instrument, and many others.
Ever, the expedition will remain on the
"Red Planet" on the Martian year (about two Earth years). They will
just need to constantly measure the levels of radiation. And that will help
them? Of course, RAD! This robot is not only a good monitor radioactive
elements, it also darn durable. Two years on Mars, it does not have a problem. And then, RAD performs measurement for the presence of
harmful particles every 15 minutes.
The main objective of this project - to
determine the best place for life on Mars. Such
a favorable space should not be dangerous to humans, namely, should exclude the
presence of any harmful chemicals. Highly radioactive substance, RAD
easily study them, and will enable us to more "deep" to explore Mars.
And not just today but throughout the lifetime of the "Red Planet".
Backbone for MANUFACTURE
We are surrounded by a variety of machines. Machine
building houses, metal processing, dig, mine, petroleum, coal. With the help of
machines we produce tissue harvest, overcoming great distances ...
And no matter how diverse the world of these machines are
not alike, we most appreciate those that best facilitate work and increase
productivity.
The steady growth of labor productivity is only possible
on the basis of technological progress, through an early introduction in the
production of all the achievements of science and technology. To the public wealth, as Marx wrote, poured full flow,
it is first necessary to equip each worker with the latest machinery and
appliances, make it a true master of the production process.
Therefore, we need these machines, which not
only would provide significant productivity gains for the same flow of human
energy and the same time costs, but also greatly lessen the proportion of
manual labor in the production process, and if possible, and would relieve a
person from this type of Labour, leaving him
only a function of machine control. But also to
operate modern machines with their high performance, complex technological
processes, high-speed, temperature and pressure using conventional hardware too
hard. In vceh these cases to help people come automatic.
At the present level of production without
the automation can not be dispensed. If, until recently, automation has played
only a supporting role in the development of the production, today, it
characterizes the state of technological progress and a prerequisite for its
further development.
Technological progress is closely linked to the
further development of automatic machines. Each
year to replace the machines running in the halls of our companies account for
more sophisticated machines, opening up new opportunities and a wide scope for
the integrated automation of all production units.
One of the main directions of
technological change is the introduction of robotics. Agile and tireless robots
have become indispensable helpers of man. They are cast metal, forged in the
smithy move, cut and finished goods in the shops, weld and paint car body
cleverly collected a variety of products, and much more. Robots have found employment in the chemical, light
industry, food industry, agriculture, construction, transportation, and even at
home. The robots are coming to where a person is difficult, where he
engaged in heavy and low-productivity jobs. Today, robots are able to do much
more can we expect from them in the coming years.
The introduction
of industrial robots much faster solution to many problems of production. Experience
shows that the combined application of industrial robots can improve productivity,
increase the Structural Change of the equipment. Significantly improved rhythm
and general culture of production.
Robots are used in flexible automated
production systems, which allow fast and without big production costs to
implement the restructuring of the equipment companies to produce new products,
providing the most benefits in terms of frequent change of products.
The widespread
use of robots and provides real opportunities for a more advanced manufacturing
processes, not related to the restrictions imposed by the direct participation
of these rights.
Opening entirely new opportunities in complex
industrial automation, robotics, allows to solve not only technical, economic,
and social issues. Robots make human labor more productive, creative, play an
important role in the elimination of manual and heavy physical labor.
Entering into
life, in everyday practice of socialist production, robotic systems contribute
fully to improve it and thus gain their present and reasonable purpose - to
multiply the national welfare. This is the basic meaning of today
widespread introduction of robots in all spheres of national economy.
You can imagine
that your home theater walked up to you from room to room, carrying with it and
a picture? That is how a robot can do mediatsentr R2-D2, which is a
replica of 1 / 2 robot from fiction saga Star Wars. " This is indeed a
real robot, equipped with sensors for safe movement around the house, which
publishes funny sounds, like his prooobraz soundtrack and a friendly blinking
LED displays. But this is not just a toy robot from "Star Wars" - a
high-tech and high-quality multi-function media device that has multiple
functions.
Functional features:
• DLP projection system with
projection size up to 2 meters (resolution - 1024x768 pixels.)
• Built-in CD / DVD-player;
• slot, which is connected iPod;
• stereo system (speakers) Dolby Digital;
• USB-connector for multiple devices and a memory card
slot;
• remote control - a replica of the star ship
"Millennium Falcon";
• built-in card reader for several types of memory cards.
Describes the features of the
robot R2-D2
Image (movies, pictures, video), projected onto
the robot with superb contrast - 1800:1 and a resolution - 1024 x 768 pixels. The projection area equivalent to the plasma panel
with a screen 2 m along the diagonal. R2-D2 can change the projection
angle, bringing it to the ceiling.
Robot R2-D2 Media Center
has all the functionality you need in order for you to watch movies, videos,
photos and music with excellent quality reproduction and superb sound. Virtually
any of your gadgets or media will be compatible with the R2-D2, because it
contains CD / DVD-player slot for iPod, USB-connector and a slot for memory
cards.
To R2-D2
quietly and without moving accidents in the space of your home, it is equipped
with special sensors that allow him to not bump into obstacles and maintain
balance.
Robot motion-media center
R2-D2
Sound and light effects from the saga
"Star Wars" .R2-D2 plays the 11 sounds of
the famous saga, which makes it even more realistic. Front lights when you turn
on the robot starts flashing red and blue, but the point rear indicator light
up in random order, red and green colors.
Handy remote control .
For easy control of a robot provided remote control,
made a copy of the spacecraft Millennium Falcon from Star Wars. " Lights
located in the cab and the motor vehicle system, remote control, come on. Console is installed on a specialstand-podium, came
with the robot R2-D2.
Remote control for robot R2-D2
Media Center
Menu R2-D2 Russified, so you will not be difficult to
understand its functioning. Robot R2-D2 Media
Center will enjoy not only the fans of "Star Wars", but also for
people who appreciate comfort and quality throughout.
Specifications robot R2-D2: Projector
• projector 2xLVDS DLP, the visual system with DDP2230;
• projection with a maximum
size: 2 m in the diagonal;
• Video Resolution: 1024 x 768 XGA;
• Brightness Projector: 1500 lumens;
• the contrast of projected images: 1800:1;
• the optimal distance of the projector: 1 to 10 m.
CD / DVD-player control panel
• Supported formats: DVD-Video, DVD-R/RW, VCD, SVCD,
Audio-CD, CD-R/RW, WMA, MP3, DivX 3.0-6.21, MP4, JPEG;
• there is a control panel on the robot;
• equipped with backlit buttons.
Robot
motion
• forward, backward, right and left circular head
turning, tilting back and forth;
• management is carried out by remote control.
Speaker System
• Two built-in speakers
2x10 W;
• tweeters;
• support for surround sound Dolby Digital 5.1Ch, DTS 2.0.
Docking Station for iPod
• Works with mini-, photo-, third-generation iPod `s and
newer models;
• plays audio and video from iPod;
• The iPod is designed and pictures and menus;
Inputs and outputs
• Inputs: RCA (video), Mini
DIN (S-Vid), RCA (Audio L / R Phono), DVI-I PC / Mac;
• Outputs: jack for stereo headphones, optical
digital audio output, RCA video, 5-channel FM-transmitter.
USB and memory card
• images, video and music from USB flash drive or memory
cards;
• Supported memory cards: SD, Memory Stick, Smart Media
card, Multi Media card;
• Supported formats: WMA, MP3, MP4.
Sensors
• surface sensors for each wheel;
• Sensors stability to maintain equilibrium during the
motion;
• designing sensors to determine the optimum distance for
the design.
Food
• mains 110-220V;
• Battery 7.2V NiMH.
Dimensions and weight of the robot
• Dimensions in cm: 51.9 (H) x 34.3 (W) x 32.8 (depth);
• Weight: 10.
Remote Control
• replica ship "Millennium Falcon" on a scale 1
/ 100;
• management of all functions;
• effects: lighting the cabin and the motor system;
• Due to the mobile panel at the remote offers quick
access to all buttons;
• there is a stand-podium for the remote control with
which to manage its effects;
• size of the console, see: 19 (height) x 14 (W) x 7.5
(depth);
• Stand dimensions in cm:
17 (length) x 14 (W) x 14 (height).
Package Contents:
• robot mediatsentr R2-D2;
• remote control in a space ship "Millennium
Falcon";
• Stand for remote control;
• power cord;
• Batteries 7.2 NiMH for R2-D2;
• AAh3 batteries for the remote control;
• batteries AAh3 rack;
• Cover the lens of the projector;
• Instruction Manual on CD-ROM;
• A brief guide to use.
Human-robot
ROBOTS
where a person is difficult, harmful, dangerous .Thus, robots are surely
part of our lives. Opening entirely new opportunities in the completion of a
comprehensive automation, robotization means today is not simply a transition
to automated production output, the solution is not only complex scientific,
technical, economic, and social issues. After the liberation of man from
routine and physical toil, to provide a reliable safety, improving the overall
culture of industrial activity mean, as they say, humane production.
Success of
automation that includes robotics, today raise questions over what will be
replaced by people at different stages of the process. What will the
automation of a person in the near future? What brings it today?
Robots have arisen as a response to the
social order of social development. However, the
motives for their use, as well as any new technology, of course, depend on the
social system in which this technique
Technological advances,
integrated automation - a natural process and for the socialist, and capitalist
societies. But how different driving forces and implications of technological
progress under capitalism and socialism!
Man and machine - this disturbing and seemingly
insoluble problem arose long ago. Back in the late the past century, the famous
Russian writer. Kuprin in his novel
"Moloch" displayed the savage, brutal and overwhelming force of human
machinery factory.
Horror of the blind power of
technological progress and permeated many of the works of Western literature
and cinema. The man is drawn into them miserable and helpless creature in the
realm of machines. ... A long ribbon assembly
line carries the details - an endless number of identical, continuously one
after the other parts of a machine. In the pipeline - the workers. Their
hands perform the same movements, such as standard and adjusted, as well as
details on the conveyor.
Little
confused man with the funny mustache, tightening the screws. Floats
belt. Twitches man spinning the nut. Nut, nut, one more ... Faster moving
conveyor faster, jerky movements of the worker. The
same small, repeated thousands of times the operation, staggering work,
subjects him to the rhythm and pace of the car. This is not the person
is - an appendage to the machine, mechanism, accurate, responsive, clear.
Hear a dial tone. Stops the conveyor. But the worker still can not stop. He continues
to twitch, spinning is already non-existent nuts - small appliances devastated
man who has taken away the human right to think.
So by means of cinema Charlie Chaplin in his film
"Modern Times" spoke about the technique that turned into a social
evil.
Professor at
the University of Paris by Henri De zual told that young workers coming out of
the assembly shop, talking so fast that they can not understand, and assembly
line at one of the major French fancy factories called "line of
silly." "The catastrophe is clearly nervousness" - sadly,
sums up the professor.
These examples -
an illustration of how technical progress in capitalist society, mutilates and
maims people. And there does not need to blame the very idea of automation - to blame it is the capitalist system
is "sweating", which brings the work to the highest nervous tension
creates a constant fear
that accompanies him in his work.
Who, for example, will challenge today,
reaching the United States in the field of robotics manufacturing processes! But, as one of the American union leaders W. Reuter, in their
enterprises there is a constant "conflict with the technique:" When I
see a robotic vehicles are launched, I was concerned that they can not make
consumers'.
Currently,
robots are widely used, mainly in the forward-looking, high-tech and high-tech
industries - electronics, manufacturing automation and, above all, robotics,
laser technology, automotive, metalworking, manufacturing of electrical and
radio equipment. Development of these industries requires new skills,
particularly of skilled workers engaged in setting up, maintenance and control
of industrial robots and electronic equipment.
And here is
another, equally typical example. A Japanese factory Komatsu - the
country's largest manufacturer of tractors, bulldozers, scrapers and other
construction equipment - close to the measured workers robots made by the same
company, group work, sweat, turn their enormous cast billets.
No, I do not care about a
person is dictated by the process of introduction of robots in the
industrialized capitalist countries, and selfish capitalist calculation.
The owner of a small Japanese plant was
very surprised when I hung out in response to their announcement,
"requires experienced welders," his first visit to a representative
of the well-known firm producing robots. "The cost of robots - he said -
is about three annual salary of a welder. If you can download robot twenty-four
hours a day, a year later, he will work for you for free. Robot does not wait for the family, he did not have a
dormitory, he was not on strike, does not require an annual increase to the
salary and working conditions. The robot will not stop complete darkness
and heat. Timely preventive and front work - that's all he needs. Do not want
to buy? Take a lease. In a month it will cost you four or five times cheaper
than the "live" Welder. "
The
transaction took place. Won both the owner of the factory and save on
salary nenanyatyh workers, and the company manufacturing robots. Lost by those
who hoped to get a job at this plant.
Technical progress,
robotization production in a socialist society provides exactly what you want
society - unlimited development of productive forces.
The machine does not threaten the Soviet worker.
Pattern of development of Soviet technology eliminates this danger. This pattern follows from the whole direction of our
technological progress. That's why so different ratio of workers to
technological advances, robotics in the capital we have.
It is known that economic calculations are almost always
show the effectiveness of technological innovation. But there is a problem that
can not provide any calculations. This problem of eliminating the heavy
muscular effort and tedious repetitive movements of the worker. You can
calculate how much plant or enterprise to increase productivity, how to improve
product quality. But it is impossible to take
into account how much energy savings from a muscle strain, vision, hearing,
nerves spared working robotic systems.
Handmade clock, television sets,
stamping, painting cars. Hard work. Monotonous. Uninteresting. Tedious. Rhythm of the pipeline perform other processes more
than would correspond to the iron "hand" robot.
And so we see these "hands" and to build
hours, presses and machine tools, on site painting of manufactures ... These "hands" do not know tiredness, does
not know the mistakes, bad mood, malaise, and today they benefit people in
matters of labor productivity, material savings, improved product quality.
In one of the shops Dnepropetrovsk
Electric Locomotive Plant operates dozens of machine tools with program
management, automated storage and transport intrashop related to the whole
computer system. In the same area at carrying parts and all other heavy and
unproductive operations using robots.
This shop is considered to be a workshop
performance and production standards. Support staff in the shop work is easy.
Work came to the shop receives from the electronic computer job to replace,
code details. Check performance of machines, he
presses a button and electronics finds itself in the cells of the appropriate
blank stock, activates mechanisms that bring them to the workplace. From
1140 its available part program selects the desired machine and sends it to the
memory of the machine. The worker can only take
profits preparation, set on the machine, run it and wait for a signal when it
is ready to detail.
At Yaroslavl Electric Machine Building
Works commissioned a new robotic equipment. It radically changed the entire
process of production of electric motors. What,
for example, is an old technology of processing the trails?
It was a cumbersome, Multioperational
technology, require working great physical effort and skill, not to mention the
huge overhead of time. Was particularly heavy drilling operation. Several times
had to manually turn on the machine chetyrehpu-dovy motor housing. And now even
the most complex operations are being spent seconds. The robots are built into
the line, do not just take part, move and rotate them, but also supply and
removal tool. They also coordinate the movement mechanisms.
Freeing the manufacturing
process from the restrictions imposed upon him beyond the physical capabilities
of the human body, the robots that have come in our shops of enterprises, allow
the person to change the hard physical labor on the labor inspector, the
operator.
What is ultimately the creation and
widespread use of computers? This - the struggle for the speed of obtaining the
final results of the movement of thought. Complex
calculations previously required weeks, months, and in some cases years, now
produces electronic machines at a breakneck pace - a hundred thousand, a
million times faster than it did to people. As if completing the cycle
of factory automation, robotics and electronic machines are removed from a
person not only the physical hardships, but also a significant share of
monotonous, tedious, and sometimes crippling mental labor.
Robots and computers - a truly wonderful creation
of man! And the most wonderful that they were created by man for man.
In all sectors of our
industry, research institutes and other organizations to help people come to
robots and computers. And they come first and foremost the place where a
person is difficult, dangerous, dangerously, to facilitate its work.
The farther
technology progresses, the more processes that require muscle tension,
repetitive labor operations and transactions will be passed on to cars. But
the physical labor, manual and sometimes heavy and unproductive still,
unfortunately, occur at our facilities. The aim
is to eliminate the manual, especially the heavy muscular work in all the
sectors of the economy. And this is done largely in a period of twelve
five-year plan on the basis of comprehensive automation of production
processes, large-scale introduction of robots and computers.
FOR A GOOD MAN
Freeing
the worker from the heavy, harmful and unskilled labor, creating a solid basis
for further training and educational level of workers, enabling erasure of
significant differences between physical and mental labor, robotization at the
same time helps raise living standards of Soviet workers.
The main objective of socialist
production - best meet the needs of each member of a socialist society.
Robotization directly serves this purpose. It allows you to raise living
standards more quickly than was possible until now.
One of the most important
indicators of robotics - its high economic efficiency.
Robotization helps reduce production costs
generated by enterprises, as significantly reducing costs of raw materials,
basic and auxiliary materials, energy and fuel.
The practice
of many companies also shows that the broad introduction of robotics is greatly
reduced marriage and increase product quality. Reduced and the cost of
repairs. The reason is that the robots ensure
the stability of the flow process and the uniformity of treatment of the
equipment. And all of this, in turn, reduces equipment wear and increases the
time between repairs.
Saving production space allows, in turn, increase
production capacity without building new facilities.
A more rational layout of the robotic
equipment, the union of separate parts production into a single process stream,
in turn, reduce the cost of building auxiliary facilities (warehouses, stores,
etc.).
Robotics, thus leading to significant savings in
capital costs.
Robotization significantly
improves and other economic performance of enterprises.
But the main effect of robotics, as
already noted - is to increase productivity. On enterprises, where robots are
introduced, productivity increases, as a rule, 2-5, and willows are often 10
times. In cases where the introduction of
robotics at the same time accompanied by a transition to new processes,
productivity increases of 30-50 times or more.
Thus, the introduction of robots and
advanced technology enables significant economic effect, allows a lower cost of
labor to create more products. And this is confirmed by numerous examples from
many Soviet enterprises.
Robotization significantly
increases and production culture. How is changing the face
unrecognizable robotic shops and businesses!
At the same
time understand the causes of unrest and representatives of business circles in
the U.S. and the West are following with interest for each new word in the
field of robotics, spoken in the Soviet Union and other socialist countries. Robots,
making it easier to work of people creating problems and social consequences,
which in the capitalist world it is difficult to predict. The rapid decline of functions of human labor in the
capitalist countries leads to a further rise in unemployment, "an
undesirable effect in the distribution of income."
The sharp rise in the competitiveness of the
capitalist firms forcing them to accelerate the introduction of robotics. And
she, in turn, entails the massive layoffs of workers.
American economists calculate that
robotization entire U.S. industry would reduce its need. workforce with seventeen-plus million to a half
million workers. America would have received five and a half million
unemployed. But, in addition, can automate and construction, and transportation
...
Talking about the future of the American worker, the
American magazine "Fortune" wrote: "The approaching dark, cold
era for the American worker ... In the future,
legions of workers sentenced for inaction. " Robotization is working in
the capitalist countries curse rather than blessing. It increases the profits
of corporations and workers is unemployment and disqualification.
Soviet people in robotics see the natural and necessary
way of development of production, way of improving their lives. The robot - a
reliable ally of the Soviet people in the struggle for mastery of natural
resources. That is the socialist system has opened the possibility of the
widest of all, without exception, robotics industries.
At first glance it might seem that if
robotization reduces the number of staff and dramatically increases
productivity, it can lead to unemployment in our country. But nothing like this in a socialist society where the means of
production are owned by the people, can not happen.
Economic prerequisite general robotics in
the USSR is the unrestricted market capacity. Mass
production in the Soviet Union provided and mass marketing. Created by
robotic means of production lines will always be implemented. Sales achieved
and consumer goods. Demand of the population is continuously growing,
increasing real wages ... Finally, in the Commonwealth countries - CMEA is
always possible to establish a mutually beneficial exchange of goods.
Does not represent a major problem and
ensure full employment of people. Let's take a
moment imagine that in our country has come a time when the rate of release of
the workforce in relation to robotic production exceeded the demand for this
vysovobozhdayuschuyusya workforce. Under the conditions of socialist
production, it will be only one of the prerequisites for the further reduction
of the working day, and not for the formation of the army of unemployed.
When considering the release of
labor force in connection with robotic production should be borne in mind and
other factors. For example, it is known that the continuous development of the
socialist economy is accompanied by a systematic increase
Some number of working not only in the
sphere of material production, but also in culture, science, health, trade and
consumer services. Hence, the need for people will increase. This gap between
the demand for labor and the presence of it and should eliminate robotization.
At present, this gap does not exist yet.
Listen to the radio - several times a day it sends messages about what plants,
factories, institutions, invite people to work. In every city, large and small,
we can see the ads on the recruitment of labor. Our
young people are waiting for new construction, new factories, farms, cattle
farms, the giant hydropower station, the new blast furnace, open-hearth
furnaces, enterprises of light and food industries.
Increasingly require highly skilled
professionals - installers of robots and machines, electrical engineering,
radio engineering, programmers and operators. And this is one of the
consequences of robotic manufacturing. The
significance of robotics in the Soviet socialist society. She has a beneficial
effect on all aspects of Soviet life. As the
material basis for improving productivity Rights robotization increases the
wealth of society
Robotization indefinitely pushed the limits of productivity growth.
Spending is several times
less power, energy, time, work, service robots, gives the same output as
before! Or for the same amount of work - five to ten times more output.
Consequently, the robots are not just eased human
vechesky work, they have
enriched it and made more concise, more efficient .And such examples are
countless, and they are all very convincingly speak about a huge relief of
human labor, the great economic results, which brings robotization production
processes in Soviet industry.
The robot - a machine obedient, strong, not
knowing weariness.
It can always be taught to perform the desired operation.
Its performance is also the same all the days of the week. And this is just
some of the properties of robots, which distinguish them from the working-man.
Robots are able to today,
not only weld metal, to collect a variety of products, to paint the car, cut
out steel sheets, but also produce coal, pouring metal and perform many other
jobs. Robots are especially needed where human capabilities are inferior
nature, where it more profitable to find a replacement in order to free up
forces for other, more important creative affairs.
Robots exempt workers and heavy or
monotonous types of work. In many cases they ensure the safe operation of the
man. But not only in industrial enterprises of our country are working to
alleviate the labor, the struggle for high performance. It is being today and in the field of mental activity of man.
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