Устная часть
ЕГЭ:
Речевые клише
для заданий 4
Основные ошибки,
которые допускают учащиеся во время выполнения задания 4:
·
описание сюжета двух картинок,
а не их сравнение;
·
отсутствие выделения общих и
отличительных характеристик картинок;
·
отсутствие выражения отношения
к картинкам;
·
отсутствие вступительной и
заключительной фраз;
·
отсутствие разговорных клише
при сравнении картинок;
·
фонетические и
лексико-грамматические ошибки в ответе
Вот на какие типичные ошибки при сравнении фотографий обращают
наше внимание эксперты:
1. Дается не сравнение, а последовательное описание фотографий.
2. Не выделяются общие и отличительные черты фотографий.
3. Не выражено личное отношение.
4. Нет вступительной и заключительной фразы.
5. Не использованы разговорные клише.
6. Не использованы средства логической связи.
Список полезных выражений, которые помогут вам сравнить две
фотографии на английском языке:
Подчеркиваем сходство:
1. both pictures — обе фотографии
2. the same — одинаковые
3. in the same way / in the same manner — похожим образом
4. similar/ alike — похожие
5. another similarity — еще одно сходство
6. have in common — иметь общее
Подчеркиваем различия:
1. another difference — еще одно различие
2. be different from — отличаться от
3. in the different way — отличным образом
4. instead of — вместо …
5. have little in common — иметь мало общего
Противопоставляем:
1. Unlike the first photo … — В отличие от…
2. On the contrary,… — Наоборот,…
3. On the other hand, … — С другой стороны,…
4. In contrast to … — В противоположность…
5. whereas — в то время как…
Задание 4 представляет собой монолог-сравнение двух
фотографий или картинок.
Чтобы успешно выполнить это задание, нужно придерживаться
предложенного плана:
·
дайте краткое описание
фотографий (что происходит на картинке, место действия)
·
скажите, что общего у этих
фотографий (какая тема их объединяет)
·
скажите, чем отличаются эти
фотографии
·
выразите свое предпочтение по
одной из фотографий
·
объясните, почему вам близка
тема выбранной фотографии
Время на подготовку — 1.5 минуты
Продолжительность вашего ответа — 2 минуты
Максимальный балл - 7 баллов
Cледующие советы помогут вам составить логичное описание фотографий или
картинок:
- при описании комнаты или дома используйте
прием справа-налево или слева-направо (so called «walking tour of the house»);
— при описании фотографий или картин используйте
прием слева-направо, справа-налево, от краев к центру, от переднего плана к
заднему;
— при описании человека используйте прием
сверху-вниз или снизу-вверх.
Task4 Variant 1
Study the photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and
contrast the photographs:
·
give a brief description of the photos (action, location)
·
say what the pictures have in common
·
say in what way the pictures are different
·
say which kind of the activities presented in the pictures you'd
prefer
·
explain why
Ответ начните с вступительной фразы:
I would like to compare and contrast these two photos. / I would
like to point out right at the beginning that there are different ways of going
in for sports. And these two photos prove that.
I should say that the common theme of these
pictures is doing sports. / I think the common thing here
is ... / I believe that the theme which relates these photos
is ... / One thing that picture 1 and picture 2 have in common is
...
Sample answer:
Photo 1
Let me start with the first picture which shows a little girl who is in the gym at the moment. The
girl is going to play table tennis because she is carrying a red tennis
racket in her hand. As we can see the gym is well equipped. In the
middle of the gym there is a big blue table with a tennis net on
it. In the background of the picture you can see some sports
facilities such as flying rings, a gymstick, a rope, a hoop and others.
All in all, it seems to me that the gym is quite large and light.
As for the second picture it shows a young man running in the field. It might be summer
time because he is wearing a green t-shirt, black shorts and white sports
shoes. Also, he is wearing a watch on his wrist for timing his
heats. Though the sky is blue and the weather is warm and sunny you can see two
mountain peaks covered with snow in the background of the picture.
As I've already mentioned both pictures are connected with doing sports. You can't but agree
with me that both — a girl and a young man look fit and
healthy.
Photo 2
Obviously, we can see certain (some) differences. The first picture shows a little girl whose hobby is
playing tennis. On the contrary, the man in
the second picture is a professional sportsman as he
looks very sporty and strong. Besides, the first picture
shows the girl who is playing tennisindoors while the young
man is going in for sports in the open air. Moreover, table
tennis is a team game and you need at least one more person to
play it with. As to the track-and- field athletics, you can do it on
your own.
As for me, I'd prefer to take
up to table tennis because I am fond of doing sports with my best friends or
relatives. Secondly, this game develops quick thinking and
reaction. Finally, you can do it outdoors as well as indoors and
bad weather cannot spoil the pleasure.
In conclusion, I would like to say
that both pictures make me think that sport is a great way to spend your free
time and, of course, it is useful for your health.
That's all I wanted to say. Thank you for listening. / That's
where I'd like to end. (заключительная фраза)
Всего получилось 25 фраз. Необходимо строить свой ответ так, чтобы
уложиться в отведенное для ответа время (2 мин). Рекомендованное количество
фраз: 12 -15, но не менее. Помните, что вступительная и
заключительная фразы оцениваются экспертами; их отсутствие негативно повлияет
на вашу оценку.
Task 4 Variant 2
Study the photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and
contrast the photographs:
·
give a brief description of the photos (action, location)
·
say what the pictures have in common
·
say in what way the pictures are different
·
say which kind of the activities presented in the pictures you'd
prefer
·
explain why
Ответ начните с вступительной фразы:
I would like to point out right at the beginning that I will compare
and contrast these pictures.
I believe that the theme which relates these photos is
a life style of the youth.
picture
1
picture 2
Let me start with the first picture that
shows a group of young people who are at work now. The man on the right and a
young woman in a black suit are sitting around the table while the woman in a
beautiful white suit is standing at the moment. Unfortunately, I can’t see the
face of their boss who is giving them some instructions. They are listening to
him very attentively. It looks as if they are ready to make some notes because
you can see pads (notebooks) in front of them.
As for the second picture I have
the impression that the group of young people is enjoying their free time
sitting on the grass. I can only guess that they might be co-students at the
international language school because you can see them carrying their
workbooks. They are probably having their break time now. As the weather is
warm and sunny, they decided to spend it in the school yard. They all are
smiling and look very happy so I think they did their test successfully.
I should say that the only similarity between
picture 1 and picture 2 is that they depict young people who are practically of
the same age.
One of the main differences between
pictures is that in the left picture you can see two men and two women (four
people) working in the office, whereas in the right picture
there are two girls and a boy who are having a rest in the open air. The
most obvious difference for me between these two pictures
is people’s clothes. For example, people in the first picture are wearing
suits according to the dress code of their firm, while people in the
right picture are wearing casual clothes such as jeans,
jumpers and trainers.
As for me, I would rather go to a
language school because my dream is to speak English fluently. Moreover, it
would be interesting to make some new friends from abroad.
To sum it up, I would like to say that to work or to study together with smart and intelligent
people is always great pleasure.
That’s where I’d like to end. (завершающая фраза)
Task 4 Variant 3
Study the photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and
contrast the photographs:
·
give a brief description of the photos (action, location)
·
say what the pictures have in common
·
say in what way the pictures are different
·
say which kind of the activities presented in the pictures you'd
prefer
·
explain why
Ответ начните со вступительной фразы:
I would like to compare and contrast these two
photos.
I think the common thing here is classical music.
Photo 1
Let me start with the first picture which shows a young girl who is performing on the stage at the moment.
She is wearing a white blouse and a dark skirt. She is playing the grand piano
together with a string orchestra. In the background of the picture there
is a beautiful organ. In the foreground of the picture you can see
a lot of spectators. That’s why I can say that music is not just her hobby but
she is involved in it very seriously.
Photo 2
As for the second picture it also shows a young girl playing the piano. She looks very elegant in
her black velvet dress. As you can see she is wearing glasses. In the
background of the picture you can see a portrait of a famous composer.
Unfortunately I’m not very good at classical music that’s why I don’t know his
name. Under the portrait there is a basket of lovely roses, so I can
only guess that it might be the anniversary of the
composer.
As I have already mentioned the theme which relates both
pictures is classical music. The most
obvious similarity between photo 1 and photo 2 is the
musical instrument the girls are playing and it is a piano. It is
evident that the girls are practically of the same age. In my
opinion, they might be very talented.
You can’t but agree with me that the main difference between picture 1 and picture 2 is that the girl in the
first picture is performing in a big concert hall whereas the girl in the
second picture is playing the piano in a small room.(It is probably the
classroom in a local Art School.) Besides, the girls are wearing
different items of clothes. Last but not least, in the first
picture you can see a lot of audience while in the second picture we cannot see
any listeners.
As for me, I would rather go to a
big concert hall because I’ve always wanted to listen to the organ.
Summarizing, I may say that it is great to have a good ear for music and play a musical
instrument because music always makes your life brighter. (23)
That’s where I’d like to end. (завершающая фраза)
Чтобы наиболее эффективно выполнить задание 4 из раздела
Говорение на ЕГЭ по английскому языку, используйте следующие
выражения:
Firstly — во-первых
Secondly — во-вторых
Thirdly — в-третьих
Moreover — более того
It seams to me / It looks like / It might be — Мне кажется/Должно быть
I can only guess - Могу предположить
If I'm not mistaken — Если я не ошибаюсь...
I'm not sure exactly (what this is) but ... — Я не уверен точно, что это, но...
As for me / To my mind / In my opinion / I think / I believe /
Personally — Что касается меня/По моему мнению/Я думаю / Я уверен / Лично я ...
In contrast / Unlike ... —
В отличие
The most apparent/obvious difference (similarity) between
photo 1 and photo 2 is ... — Наиболее очевидное различие (сходство) между фото 1 и фото 2 ...
The main difference/similarity between picture 1 and picture 2 is
... — Основное отличие/сходство между фото 1 и фото 2 ...
The only difference/similarity is ... — Единственное отличие/сходство ...
To sum it up I would like to say that ... — Подводя итог, хочу сказать ...
All in all, it's evident ... —
В общем, очевидно ...
Summarizing, I may say that ... — Подводя итог, можно сказать, что ...
стандарт
— это определенный шаблон, по которому Вас оценивают эксперты. Отступление от стандарта грозит Вам лишением
баллов. Да, печально, но уже со школьной скамьи приучают нас быть одинаковыми,
стандартными, иначе… Ну да ладно, перейдем ближе к делу, а именно к сравнению двух фотографий на
английском языке. Данное
задание (задание 4) относится к
высокому уровню сложности и
содержит много подводных камней, которые надо обойти. Вот пример сравнения двух
фотографий, которое,
кажется, вполне нормальным с точки зрения здравого смысла, но содержит ошибки с
точки зрения стандарта.
Фотография 1 (с сайта ФИПИ)
Фотография 2 (с сайта ФИПИ)
Прочитайте внимательно это описание:
Well, both pictures
show an animal, the bear. I would like to
start with the first picture that shows a big polar bear in the zoo. The bear
is sitting on a stone with its paws up. It is not looking at people, it looks
aside and it seems that it is tired of so much attention. A lot of people have
gathered near the open-air cage, taking pictures. As the people are wearing
warm coats and caps, it is probably late autumn. The colours in this picture
are grey and dark.
As for the second
picture, it also shows a bear, but it is a
brown bear. It is completely
different from the first one as it shows the
bear in the wild. In contrast
to the first picture, the
second one is full of bright colours: yellow flowers, green grass. It shows a
summer day. The bear is busy, it is carrying a log. I like this picture more and not only because I like summer but
also because I believe that keeping wild animals in zoos is inhuman. Although
some people say that it is necessary for some educational purposes, to say
nothing of entertaiment.
All in all, both pictures
make me think of wildlife. As for me, I
am sure that wild animals should live free in their natural habitat because
they are part of nature.
(из статьи «ЕГЭ по
английскому языку. Устная часть»)
* * *
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