Министерство образования и науки
Луганской Народной Республики
ГБОУ Стахановская специализированная школа I-III ступеней №9 им.А.Стаханова
РАЗРАБОТКА
УРОКА
по теме: “UNITS OF MEASUREMENT IN THE UK AND IN AMERICA”
по техническому
переводу для 10 класса
Учитель: Самотугина В.В.
Стаханов 2013-2014г
Цель:
- ознакомить учащихся с единицами измерения, традиционно используемыми в
Великобритании и США; обратить внимание на грамматические аспекты употребления
и перевода данных
единиц; -
учить переводить на русский язык все меры измерения с учетом основных
особенностей;
-
совершенствовать навыки технического перевода, грамматики и осознанного
чтения; - развивать память, мышление, логику; -
воспитывать стойкий интерес к изучаемому предмету;
Оборудование:
таблицы, карточки с заданиями.
ХОД УРОКА
I WARMING-UP
Teacher:
Good morning, students. How are you today? I hope you are in a high spirit
today. What’s the date today? Who is absent? As far as I know all of you are
creative and hardworking, so let’s get down to work. But first let’s check your
homework. What it was for today?
Student: The
homework was to translate the text “Scientific Progress and Man” into Russian.
Express the main idea of the text in one sentence. Give synonyms and opposites
to the words in bold. (see appendices 1 )
Checking H/W
II MAIN BODY
1.
Presenting the topic
Teacher:
Look at the board, read the words and guess: What is the topic of our today’s
lesson?
The words on
the board: ounce, mile, Fahrenheit, inch, pound, yard, stone, foot
Teacher:
Yes, you are right. The topic of the lesson is “Units of measurement” and today
we get know more about the use, translation and grammatical structure of these
units. Of course, we will have a chance to practice and improve our skills of
grammar and translate.
2. READING
Teacher:
Read and translate the text.
Physics is a
science based on exact measurement, so we all must be familiar with commonly
used units of measurements.
There are four basic concepts: length, mass, temperature and time. The units
used to measure them are called fundamental units. There are two widely used
sets of fundamental units: the Metric System and the English System.
The Metric System or the International System is based on metric units. Using
metric units length is usually measured in millimetres, centimetres, metres or
kilometres; time is measured in seconds, minutes or hours; and mass is measured
in drammes or kilogrammes. The English System uses the foot, yard and mile as
units of length; the ounce, pound and ton as units of force and the second as
the unit of time. Although the UK and the USA officially adopted the Metric
System of units, but in practice they still widely use the English System. The
chief advantage of the Metric System is that all units are divided into 10 or
100 parts. It is well known, these units are easier to manipulate in the
addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. This system was invented in
France and accepted universally in science. Scientists have produced a code of
standard symbols and to simplify the representation of units a standard list of
abbreviations has been adopted. Scales to measure the temperature are also
different. Centigrade scale is used mostly in Europe. It is such a scale, in
which water freezes at zero and boils at 100 degrees. It is shown by the symbol
C. In America, Fahrenheit scale is used to measure the temperature. It is such
a scale in which water freezes at 32 degrees and boils at 212 degrees.
3. PRACTICE
Teacher: Now
let’s do some tasks.
Task 1.
Translate the words in the list without using dictionaries.
Physics,
system, international, metre, gramm, mile, universally, metric, yard, standard,
foot, symbol code, Centigrade, kilometres, pounds, measure.
Task 2.
Complete the sentences.
1.Fundamental
units are …. . 2.The Metric System is based …. . 3.The English System uses
… . 4.The advantage of the Metric System is … . 5.For convenient
representation of units we use …. 6.To measure the temperature, Americans use
… .
Task 3.
Answer the questions.
1.What units
are used to measure length, mass, temperature and time?
2.What is the difference between the Metric System and the English System?
3.What is the advantage of the Metric
System?
4.How can we represent units of
measurement?
5.What scales of measuring the temperature do people use in America and Europe?
Task 4.Write
full words from the abbreviations.
Ft, lb, s,
m, g, kg, min, F, yd, C, i, hr
Task 5.
Using the tables (appendices 2) of measurement units convert and calculate the
following: 1.Calculate
the distance to the Moon in kilomerters if the distance is 239,000 miles.2.Convert
79 cm to the equivalent in inches.3.Convert 19 kg to the equivalent in
pounds.4.Calculate the distance to the Sun in kilometres if the distance is 90,
000, 000 miles.5.Convert 600F; -40F;1200Ft to the equivalent in
Centigrade.6.Convert 112,12 g to the equivalent in ounces.
4. GRAMMAR
Teacher: You
should also know some grammar aspects of using units of measurement in plural
forms and compound adjectives. Words ounce, pound, ton, inch, mile, yard have
plural forms: one inch – ten inches; one mile – four miles; one pound – six
pounds; one ton – two tons. The word foot can be used in the plural -
feet : six foot tall = six feet tall. The word stone hasn’t the plural form:
one stone, 8 stone. Compound adjectives consisting of terms of length, mass,
temperature and distance do not have plurals: a two-mile walk, a six-inch
ruler, a ten-ton lorry.
Task 6.
Translate the sentences into Russian paying attention to the units of
measurement.
1.The TU-144
supersonic liner developed a speed of 2,430km per hour at an attitude of 16,960
metres. 2.He had travelled 60 miles to Liverpool and back on business. 3.The
smallest spider is less than 1mm in body length and the biggest one can have
body length up to 90mm. 4.The speed of light is 186,000 miles per second.
5.Galileo’s telescope had a lens only 2,25 inches in diameter. 6.The Cyclops, a
19,000-ton US ship vanished with its crew from the surface of the ocean without
making a distress call. 7.Baby giant pandas are very small, blind, pinkish and
weight about 5 ounces at birth.
Task 7.
Translate the sentences into English paying attention to the units of
measurement.
1. Наш
университет находится в полумиле от центра города. 2.Последние модели
спортивных автомобилей развивают скорость до 300 километров в час. 3.Огромный
10,000 тонный круизный лайнер отправился в плавание по Средиземному морю.
4.Неопознанный летающий объект, освещаемый ярким светом, парил в воздухе в 50
дюймах от земли около 15 секунд, а затем исчез в полумраке ночи. 5. Клей этой
марки обеспечивает надежность склеивания в интервале температур от -60 до 300
градусов по Цельсию, а также стоек к воздействию влаги.
III
SUMMING-UP
Teacher:
What units of measurement do people use in the UK and the USA to measure
length, mass and temperature? What grammar aspects should we remember? Thank
you for the lesson, your active work and answers. Your marks are …. .Your
homework is to render the text from English into Russian, entitle the text and
define all the units of measurement from the text (appendices 3)
Appendices 1
Scientific Progress and Man
Scientific
and engineering progress opens up wide prospects before man. The
more scientific knowledge man has, the more he is able to use the
forces of nature to his advantage. Scientific and technical
progress enables man to obtain newer and cheaper sources of
energy, to manufacture new man-made materials and to launch artificial
satellites into outer space. Let us take, for example, the
prospects for accelerating
communications. Today
with the latest means of transport man can overcome great
distances. Rockets transport may solve the problem of far
distances in very nearest future. Quantum electronics will have to enable man
to transmit comprehensive information over great distances. The possibility to
watch what goes on in the world over TV changes people’s way of
thinking. People begin to understand that they are neighbours and have to build
their relations on the basic of scientific and cultural
cooperation. One should remember that it is the scientific cooperation which is
to become the foundation of international relations.
Appendices 2
Measures
of Weights Measures
of Length and Distance
1
ounce=28,3g;
1 inch=2,54cm 16
ounces=1 pound; 1
foot=12 inches=30,48cm
1 pound=453,59g; 1
yard=3 feet= 911cm
2,2 pounds=1 kilo; 1
mile=1760 yards=1,609km
14 pounds= 1
stone;
1 stone=6,33kg; 8
stone=1
hundredweight(cwt);
1
hundredweight=50,8kg(the UK)45,36kg(the
USA);
20 hundredweight=1 ton;
Centigrade
Scale 100 90 80 70 60 50
40 30 20 10 0 -10 -17,8 Fahrenheit
Scale 212 194 176 158 140 122
104 86 68 50 32 14 0
Boiling
point
Freezing point
Appendices 3
In 1898 the
Curies obtained a new element whose radioactivity was several million times
stronger than that of uranium. She named this substance radium. Radium is very
expensive, as it is extremely rare. Several tons of rich ore are required in
order to obtain one ounce of radium worth many thousands of dollars. Radium
possesses many interesting properties. It liberates heat, electrifies the air,
it causes many substances to become phosphorescent, it kills bacteria and other
tiny organisms. Radium is used for medical purpose, as it helps to locate and
diagnose different growths. There are many other applications of radium and
more are developing each year.
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