Рекомендации по устной части при подготовке к
сдаче ЕГЭ по английскому языку (из личного опыта работы)
1.
Чтение текста.
Чтобы получить 1 балл, необходимо сделать не более 5 фонетических ошибок,
необоснованные паузы должны отсутствовать, соблюдать фразовое ударение и
интонационные контуры. Вспоминаем, как читаются порядковые числительные - 25th
,это не количество 25. Если после or стоит
слово с первым гласным звуком, то произносим /r/. ‘advent, ‘calendars , ‘presents, ‘chocolate
(проверьте по транскрипции как правильно читается слово шоколад)
– ударение на первый! слог. Если написана полная форма it is – читаем полную форму, не надо сокращать – it’s. Не нужно читать слишком быстро, читаем в среднем темпе,
потренируйтесь, чтобы уложиться в 1.5 минуты. Помните, что на подготовку
каждого из 4-х заданий вам дается по 1.5 минуты, и на ответы 1 и 2 задания по
1,5 минуты, на ответ 3 и 4 задания – по 2 минуты. При выполнении задания –
засекайте время. Пока вы тренируетесь, ничего страшного, что выйдете за
назначенные границы, главное, качество, потом, конечно, надо
укладываться во временнЫе ограничения.
Рекомендую послушать
начитанные носителями языка тексты, читать вместе с ними, копируя их интонацию,
ритм и т.д.
http://tonail.com/озвученные-английские-тексты/
https://your-teachers.ru/ege-ustnaya-chast-reading-20-voprosov-demonstratsionnyj-variant
Потренируйтесь – бесплатный
тренажер устной части ЕГЭ:
https://egenglish.ru/lesson/1-zadanie-ege-free-version/
https://gosexam.online/ege/english/
2.
Задать 5 прямых вопросов.
Если указано одно слово – discounts
– не надо добавлять от себя – discounts for schoolchildren, т.к. его рассмотрят по критерию – «вопрос по содержанию не
соответствует поставленной задаче» и не поставят так нужный нам балл.
Рекомендуется:
§ использовать преимущественно общие и специальные
вопросы;
§ употреблять простое настоящее время активного и
пассивного залога;
§ в данном задании самое главное — верно задать
вопрос, не надо что-то выдумывать и вспоминать сложную лексику.
§ соблюдать интонацию: общий вопрос произносится с
восходящей интонацией, а специальный — с нисходящей.
Обратите
внимание!
Нельзя задавать вопрос начиная со слов «Could
you tell me…», так как ошибочно можно задать не вопрос, а сказать просьбу.
Например,
Could you tell me price?
— это просьба (ошибка!)
Типичные
вопросы в задании 2:
|
№
|
О
чем надо спросить
|
Как
задать вопрос
|
|
1
|
accommodation
|
What
type of / kind of accommodation is available
at your / the ... (school / club)?
What
type of / kind of accommodation is included in the
... (price / package deal)?
What
type of / kind of accommodation is offered / provided by
your / the ... (school / club)?
What
type of / kind of accommodation is there at your /
the ... (school / club)?
What
type of / kind of accommodation do you provide / offer?
What
type of / kind accommodation does your / the ... (school /
club) provide / offer)?
( +
см. №2 = availability of smth)
|
|
2
|
availability
of (smth)
|
Is a
/ the / - ... (smth = accommodation) available / included in your / the
...?
Are
any ... (smth plural = language courses) available / included in your / the
...?
Is /
Are there ... a / any ... (smth) available / included in your / the ...?
Do
you provide ...the / your (guests / students) with ...(smth)?
Does
your / the (school / hotel) provide the / your (guests / students) with
... (smth)?
Do
you offer ... (smth) to your / the (guests)?
Does
your / the (school / hotel) offer ...(smth) to your / the (guests /
students)?
Is /
Are ... ( a / the / any / - ) + (smth) provided / offered by your / the
... (school / hotel)?
|
|
3
|
courses
availability
|
What
courses are available at your school?
What
courses are offered / provided by your / the ... (school / club)?
What
courses are there at your / the ... (school / club)?
What
courses do you provide / offer at your school?
What
courses does your / the ... (school / club) provide / offer)?
( +
см. №2 = availability of smth)
|
|
4
|
types
of / kinds of / variety of (facilities)...
|
What
(types of / kinds of) …(facilities) are available / included in your / the
... (school / club / hotel)?
What
(types of / kinds of) …(facilities) are offered / provided by your / the ...
(school / club / hotel)?
What(
types of / kinds of) …(facilities) are there in your / the ... (hotel /
school / club)?
What
(types of / kinds of) …(facilities) do you provide / offer?
What
(types of / kinds of) …(facilities) does your / the ... (school / club /
hotel) provide / offer?
|
|
5
|
if
breakfast is included
|
Is
breakfast included into the price / package deal?
Do
you provide your / the guests with breakfast?
Does
your / the hotel provide your / the guests with breakfast?
|
|
6
|
if
textbooks are included
|
Are
textbooks included into the price?
Do
you provide your students with textbooks?
|
|
|
MONEY
|
|
|
7
|
discounts
/ reduction for (regular customers / groups / students)
|
Are there
any discounts for ... (groups / students)?
Is
there a discount for (students)?
Do
you offer any discounts for ... (groups / students)?
Does
your / the (school / club) offer any discounts to ... (groups /
students)?
Are
any discounts offered to (students) by your / the (school / club)?
Do
you offer / give (students) a discount?
Can
I get a discount if I am a student?
Can
I buy a ticket at a reduced price?
|
|
8
|
entrance
fee / cost
|
What
is the entrance fee?
How
much is the entrance fee?
How much is the ... (ticket / course / package deal)?
How much does ... (ticket / course / package deal) cost?
|
|
9
|
double
/ single room price per night
|
What
is the double / single room price per night?
How
much is the double / single room per night?
How
much does the double / single room per night cost?
How
much do I have to pay for the double / single room per night?
|
|
10
|
price
of a three-week course
|
What
is the price of the three-week course?
How
much is the three-week course?
How
much do I have to pay for the three-week course?
|
|
11
|
online
(advance) reservation / booking
|
Can
I book / purchase a ticket online in advance?
Is
online (advance) reservation / booking available?
Is
pre-booking essential?
Is
it essential to pre-book in advance?
|
|
12
|
refund
for a ticket
|
Can
I get a refund for the ticket if I miss the concert?
|
|
13
|
payment
options
|
What
payment options are available?
What
types of payment are available?
What
are the payment options?
Can
I pay by credit card?
Is
it possible to pay online?
Is
it possible to buy tickets online?
|
|
|
TIME
/ DATES
|
|
|
14
|
duration
of the (course / tour / show)
|
How
long is the ... (course / tour / show)?
How long does the ... (course / tour / show) last?
|
|
15
|
opening
hours (of the club)
|
What
are the opening hours of your / the ... (club)?
When is your / the(club) open?
|
|
16
|
opening
date
|
What
is the opening date of your / the ... (club)?
|
|
17
|
dates
of the (show / play)
schedule
of the (course / tour)
|
What
is / are the date(s) of the (show / play)?
On
which days does the (tour / course) operate?
When
can I take the (tour / course)?
When
is the course organized?
When are
the tours organized?
How
frequently do the buses run?
|
|
18
|
beginning
time
|
What
time do (tours) start?
When
does the (tour) begin?
|
|
|
|
|
|
19
|
location
/ situation of the ... (hotel / gym / club)
directions
distance
|
Where
is your / the ... (hotel / gym / club) situated / located?
How
can I get to the ... (hotel / gym / club)?
How
far is the ... (hotel / gym / club) ... from the ... (city centre /
airport...)?
|
|
20
|
number
of ...
|
How
many ... (courses) are there (available) in your (club, school,...)?
How
many ... (courses) do you provide / does your (school) provide?
How
many ... (courses) do you offer / does your (school) offer?
|
|
21
|
delivery
options
|
What
are the delivery options?
How
can smth be delivered?
Can
you help with the delivery?
|
|
22
|
permission
(taking pictures) ...
|
Is
it allowed to ... (take pictures / shoot video / feed animals) during the
tour?
Can
/ Could / May I ... (take pictures / shoot video / feed animals) during
the tour?
|
|
23
|
(age)
restriction
|
Are
there any ... (age) restrictions?
Is
there a minimum / any age restriction for this film?
|
Бесплатный тренажер:
https://egenglish.ru/lesson/2-zadanie-ege-free-version/
https://gosexam.online/ege/english/
3. Описать фото
другу – обращаться - YOU.
ВАЖНО! При подготовке ответа в отведённые 1,5 минуты
прежде всего подумать о том, что можно сказать непосредственно о данной
фотографии, добавить деталей в свой монолог, присущих только этой фотографии.
ВАЖНО!!!
В первом пункте использовать прошедшее время.
В
третьем - настоящее длительное время.
Обязательно
использовать средства логической связи (also, furthermore, moreover, besides, by
the way,
as for me, fortunately, to
be honest) - т.к. они вынесены в отдельный критерий! Не все, конечно,
несколько, по смыслу.
1. Вступительные фразы
Начать ответ следует
с фразы: «I’ve chosen photo number… , которая нужна для того, чтобы эксперт
понял, какую картинку выбрал участник экзамена.
Например, I’ve chosen photo number 3.
Далее следует вступительная
фраза, которая должна соответствовать выбранной картинке.
Например,
§ As you know, I
took up photography last year. Since then I’ve taken lots of pictures. I keep
the best of them in my album. Here is one of them.
2. Когда и где была сделана фотография
— I took it a month ago when I was …ing …
(walking along the street, walking in the park, travelling abroad) + обязательно указать конкретное место (in the centre of
the city where I was staying; in one of the local parks; at the stadium that is
not far from my place; at the railway station; on the train; in my bedroom).
— I remember that day very well.
Например, I took it last summer when I was travelling abroad in the centre of
the city where I was staying. I remember that day very well.
3. Кто, что изображено (назвать
общую картину + перечислить 2-3 самых важных объекта) + что происходит
— In this photo you can see
… (a street, a city, a forest, an animal, a person, …)
— This is a picture of (a street, a city, a forest, an animal, a person, …)
— In the foreground/centre of the photo there is/are … .
§ He/she is wearing …
§ He/she has got … (a tattoo, piercing, an umbrella, …)
§ He/she is carrying … (a bag, a suitcase, …)
§ He/she looks … (happy, sad, serious, angry, tired, bored,
…)
Например,
§ In this photo you
can see people who are having fun together. They seemed to be very nice
people. In the foreground of the photo there is a woman with
two children who are sitting near a museum. They are very friendly. In
the background of the photo you can see ... The weather on that day
was fantastic.
4. Почему была снята эта фотография
Например,
§ I keep this
picture in my album because it reminds me of the wonderful holiday. I think it
was really amazing (terrible, awesome).
§ I keep the photo
in my album because it illustrates the beauty of nature. And, moreover, I
consider it as one of my best shots.
5. Почему решили показать
— I decided to show you this photo…
§ because you like unusual objects.
§ because you like romantic situations like these.
§ because I want you to smile.
§ because I want you to remember our previous holidays.
§ because I want to demonstrate you my skills of a
photographer.
Например,
§ I want you to see
this photo because it was an interesting moment and I wanted to share it.
6. Заключение
Обязательно свой
монолог следует завершить следующим предложением:
§ Well, as you can
see, this photo is my favourite because it’s connected with such good
memories. That’s all I wanted to say.
Возьмите на заметку!!
§ Ваша речь на экзамене
является спонтанной, поэтому не бойтесь делать паузы. Для этого используйте
следующие заполнители пауз: Well…, Let me see…, I guess…, You know… .
Бесплатный тренажер:
https://egenglish.ru/lesson/3-zadanie-ege-free-version/
https://gosexam.online/ege/english/
Задание №4
(высокий уровень)
Это задание высокого уровня сложности, рассчитанное на
обучающихся, приближающих к пороговому продвинутом уровню (В2).
Вот пример задания:
Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes
be ready to compare and contrast the photographs:
·
give a brief description of the photos
(action, location)
·
say what the pictures have in common
·
say in what way the pictures are
different
·
say which of the ways of watching films
presented in the pictures you prefer
·
explain why
You will speak for not more
than 2 minutes. You have to talk continuously.
Советы: Дайте 2 сходства при ответе на пункт номер 2, два
различия в пункте номер 3 и два повода, почему вы выбрали эту картинку, в
пункте номер 5. При ответе на пункт 1
нужно не забыть, что мы описываем действие и место и для первой, и для второй
картинки.
Прошу обратить
особое внимание на пункт #4 плана высказывания. В четвертом пункте плана могут
использоваться разные формулировки: you prefer, you’d prefer, you preferred as
a child и т.п. Для выполнения коммуникативной задачи участник экзамена должен
использовать ту же глагольную форму, которая дана в плане. Если вы
говорите “I’d prefer” вместо “I prefer”, это означает, что вы не поняли
коммуникативной задачи, и аспект считается нераскрытым;
Вот в нашем примере
из демоверсии 2019 года написано: “which of the ways of watching films you
prefer”. ОБЯЗАТЕЛЬНО говорить именно эту фразу в пункте четвёртом. То
есть, если вы в четвертом пункте скажете “I prefer photo number 1”
или даже “I‘d prefer the way of watching films …” – это будет
ошибкой. Надо: “I prefer the way of
watching films presented in the 1st picture”.
Ребята, заучите «скелет» задания 4:
I’d like to compare
and contrast these two pictures.
1) If we look at the
first picture, we can see … . In the second picture there is/are … .
2) As for the
similarities between the two pictures, firstly they demonstrate … . Both
pictures show us … .
3) As for the
differences between these two photos, in the first picture we can see … . The
second picture shows us … . Another important difference is … .
4) I personally
prefer/ I’d personally prefer/ I preferred as a child (вариант ответа зависит напрямую от формулировки, данной в самом задании) … .
5) I’ve made such a
choice because …
That’s all I wanted to
say.
При ответе на
это задание нам нужно сказать 12-15 фраз. Главное при выполнении этого задания
– уложиться в эти две минуты.
Пример
монолога: на 1 фото люди сидят в кинотеатре, на 2 фото – смотрят телевизор
дома.
I’d like to compare
and contrast these two pictures.
1) If we look at the
first picture, we can see people sitting at the cinema. In the second picture
there is a couple watching TV at home.
2) As for the
similarities between these two pictures, firstly they demonstrate various ways
of spending free time. Also both pictures show us people enjoying themselves.
3) As for the
differences between these two photos, in the first picture we can see people in
the cinema. The second picture shows us a couple at home. Another important
difference is that there are many people seeing a film in the first picture,
while there are only two in the second one.
4) I personally prefer
the way of watching films presented in the first picture. When I have some
spare time, I always go to the cinema.
5) I’ve made such a
choice because watching films at the cinema creates a special atmosphere which
you can’t enjoy when you see a film at home. Also I am fond of eating popcorn
and drinking coke which I usually buy before the show.
That’s all I wanted to
say.
https://egenglish.ru/lesson/4-zadanie-ege-free-version/
https://egenglish.ru/lesson/ege-razbor-zadanij-fipi-ustnaya-chast-variant-4-zadanie-4/
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