Psychology of learning a foreign language
Surely everyone to learn a
foreign language at least once wondered: "Why is it so hard to do it?"
Any activity, including
speech, psychologically is arranged in the same way. Then why do we speak a
foreign language harder than in native language? First, to build a statement,
the carriers of different languages have to do a number of operations: an
analysis of the situation, objectives, terms of verbal communication, etc.
Second, different languages differ by operations that speaker must be done to
build the statement with the same content and the same direction. It is
impossible to capture these operations only by imitation: that we do not notice
how, in practice, use both. And here we come to the main question: is there a dominant
or a more efficient way? There are two main approaches to the study foreign
languages - traditional (based on imitation) and activity (method of activity).
Today the method of activity
is preferred in the educational system. The key concept of this approach is
speech skill. To form it is to ensure that the student can properly construct
and implement a statement. But for the full communication needs us to, first,
know how to use the language skills to express their own thoughts, intentions,
and feelings, otherwise the speech activity is only partially formed. It is
also necessary so that we can arbitrarily select the combination or
intentionally voice operations depending on the purpose for which, in any situation,
which occurs communication interlocutor.
So, the transition from the
native speech to speech in a foreign language is the transition from program to
implement it. This change, of course, cannot happen right away once and for all
people at once cannot speak a new language. He has to go through a stage of
indirect knowledge of a foreign language; mediating link here is the
"native" system of rules, that is, our Russian speech. Some desperate
people stopped at this stage, and then we talk about them, that they speak
Russian- foreign language, that is to say a few words of the native language,
without translation into a foreign application of the rules of grammar.
However, you must establish a direct connection between the curriculum and the
rules of a foreign language that will meet the full respect of his mastery. In
the words of the famous psychologist BV Belyaeva, that's when people start to
think in a foreign language. We are not in possession of a foreign language, as
long as we do not learn to think on it?
Whether we like it or not,
the psychological model involves an analogy between the native and foreign
language. It would be wrong to say that a foreign language to learn a foreign
language. Yes, the result would surely be. However, it will remain at the level
of standard and simple expression of a series of "Hello ", "How
are you? ", "My name is Anna," «I like your house," "
I have a family of five people," etc. Typically, this is satisfied with
few resulting - at least for a long period of time. The fundamental, thoughtful
and informed study of a foreign language requires a long time to linger on the
stage analogy. Naturally step strategy is followed by it, which understands the
laws of a foreign language.
Language teachers and
psychologists have known that during the development of a foreign language
often there is such a thing as a psychological barrier. The lack of vocabulary,
inability to express their thoughts, fear of mistakes - it covers all the way
to free communication in any foreign language - English, French, Croatian or
any other. Ways to overcome the psychological barrier are known quite a lot.
Practicing psychologists
argue that the main cause of the language barrier is a bad first experience. In
99 % of cases it is the experience of schooling. Incorrect technique Russian
schools give rise to uncertainty and reluctance to speak in English (German,
French, and Croatian) language. Moreover, after this kind of fears acquired in
school, many persons drop out at all to learn a foreign language. Find out in
this situation alone is almost impossible. In order to cope with the language
barrier should consult a linguistic psychologist or lessons with a qualified teacher.
An excellent opportunity to remove the fear of communication will be English
spoken on Skype, as the free conversation that is conducted with native
speakers cannot hurry to choose words without thinking about what you
appreciate, without fear of ridicule or illiterate.
As a
rule, those who cannot speak a foreign language, even in the course of training
on the communicative method, they create barriers for themselves. They are
careful to teach grammar, writing words on cards and notebooks, learn the
rules. In this case, the language teachers have to change the stereotypes and
instead of grammar to teach students to express themselves in a foreign language,
trying to learn how to communicate your message to a friend. Do not be afraid
to say something wrong. This is the communicative approach, which does not
focus on memorization of words and sounds, and not on the passive acceptance of
texts, and active use of the voice and the speed of live linguistic structures.
Experience has shown that to overcome the language barrier can be formed in the
presence of a motive to overcome it (the interest of the study, the desire to
learn to speak) and resources (and building vocabulary, the ability to
communicate in language).
Literature
1.
Building Blocks for English by
Sarah Philpot.-England: Delta Publishing, 2000.
2.
English in Tune: learning English
through song / by Patrick Lee. - Italy: European Language Institute, 1996.
3.
Jamboree: Communication Activities
for Children / by John Palin and Paul Power. -UK: Longman, 1990.
4.
Baev, P. M. We play at Russian
lessons. - M: Russian language, 1989.
5.
Vygotsky, LS Developmental
psychology as a cultural phenomenon / Ed. MG Yaroshevskii. - M. Ed.
«Institute of Applied Psychology», Voronezh: NGO «MODEK», 1996.
6.
Iovich C. English for the
youngest: First book with illustrations. - Bishkek, 1995.
Оставьте свой комментарий
Авторизуйтесь, чтобы задавать вопросы.