English lesson plan for modern Gen-Y
Main aim
·
To develop students’ ability to talk about past habits
using used to in
the context of childhood and addictions.
·
Students will, during the less restricted practice stage, use
the target language with sufficient accuracy for their partner to understand
their past habits.
Subsidiary aims
·
To develop students’ ability to listen for the main ideas in a
text.
·
To improve students’ ability to talk about the topic of
addictions by introducing an addiction lexical set.
Personal aims
·
Give students more time to discuss in pairs after a listening
activity before feedback.
Materials
·
Realia – chocolate, cigarettes, coffee, a PC
·
Pictures or short video clips of children playing on swings,
dressing up for Halloween, studying at school.
·
Listening CD and photocopies
·
Photocopies of handout for each student.
Anticipated problems
and solutions
·
Problem: Students may be unable to think of three things they
did as a child but don’t do now on the spur of the moment.
Solution: Provide prompts and examples if necessary.
·
Problem: Students will not be familiar with “to give up”, to
quit”, “to cut down on” in the listening text.
Solution: Elicit these items in the context of addictions.
·
Problem: Students will be unfamiliar with the pronunciation of
“used to”
Solutuon: Drill in affirmative, negative and question forms
Timing
|
Aims
|
Activities
|
Focus
|
4 min
|
Lead in
to set the context for the lesson and generate
interest
|
·
Ss look at photos of children doing
things
·
Ss discuss whether or not they did these
things in the past and whether or not they do them now
·
Ss write three things they did as a
child but don’t do now and give them to T
|
S-S-S
|
3 min
|
Lexis
to introduce vocabulary for listening stage
|
·
Ss look at coffee, cigarettes,
chocolate and a PC
·
Ss discuss whether or not they use
these things, how often, and whether they can stop
·
T elicits addict, addicted, addiction,
to quit, to give up, to cut down on, willpower
|
S-SS-
ST-Ss
|
10 min
|
Listening
to practise listening for gist
|
·
Ss listen to four people describing
their addictions: Does the person have the same addiction as you? If not,
what are they addicted to; Have they given up?
·
Feedback on board
|
Sss-T
|
10 min
|
Presentation
·
to introduce target
language
·
to manipulate form
·
to provide restricted practice in
using target language and standardise pronunciation
|
·
T elicits target language:- Did he
smoke in the past? Yes- Once or many times? Many times- Does he smoke now?
No“He used to smoke”
·
T repeats with other examples and
elicits negative and question
·
T drills target language
|
Ss-T
|
10 min
|
Less restricted practice
to give students restricted practise in using
target language
|
·
T writes on board one thing that each
student used to do as a child
·
Ss circulate, asking each other
questions to find out who used to do what
·
Feedback
|
T-SsS-S-SSs-T
|
3 min
|
Less resticted written practice
to provide a written record of the target
language
|
·
Sts write 2 sentences about themselves
and two about other sts using target language
·
Feedback
|
S
|
This lesson follows a typical PPP (Presentation, Practice, Production)
model. With this model we first present or elicit the language in some way. The
students then practise it in more or less controlled situations and finally
produce it in a more authentic situation. Have a look below for more about
these practice and production stages.
Lead in
A lead in activity is
designed to “warm the students up” – to generate interest and get them thinking
about the topic. When you introduce a topic, for example with pictures, a video
or some questions, you activate in your students minds a mental image or
expectation based on their existing knowledge of the topic. This mental image
is often called a schema, and so we can say that the aim of a lead-in stage is to
“activate your students’ schemata”. Your students’ existing knowledge and
experience can then be used to personalise the lesson.
Target language
The aim of the presentation
stage is to present or elicit the target language – the language that we want
the students to be able to use correctly in order to achieve the aim of our
lesson. There are different ways to do this – in this case the teacher elicits
the meaning of the target language with a series of concept questions before giving the target
sentence itself.
Manipulating form
By this we mean that the
teacher presents (or elicits) the question and negative forms of the target
language, as well as, perhaps, other examples in the first, second or third
person.
Restricted/controlled practice
The first practice stage,
where the teacher drills the pronunciation of the target language, is very
restricted, in the sense that students focus entirely on the sentence
containing the target language. There is no opportunity at this stage to incorporate
other language. The practice stage of PPP lessons tends to start with
restricted practice in this way, and then gradually move on to less restricted
and eventually much more authentic practice.In the less restricted practice
stage of this lesson, students are given the chance to circulate and ask each
other questions (using the material that was gathered during the lead in). The
focus is still very much on the target language, but much less restricted or
controlled than the previous exercise.
Authentic/Free/Fluency practice
Finally, the students are
given the opportunity to produce the target language in a much freer context.
The activity in this lesson encourages them to talk about the past, and they
may naturally use the target language during their conversations, but they are
also free to use other language. There shouldn’t be any pressure on the
students at this stage to use the target language, and you may find that they
don’t use it very much at all. This is why we can call this stage authentic practice
– in an authentic situation we wouldn’t use “used to” in every sentence when
communicating with someone – we would maybe use it once or twice in addition to
other forms.
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