Разработала
Трутнева Наталья Александровна
учитель английского языка 1
категории.
МБОУ ООШ с. Дедово
Открытый урок по английскому
языку в 8 классе по УМК М.З. Биболетовой.
Тема урока: «Environmental
Problems»
Цели:
1.
Образовательная - совершенствование навыков монологической и диалогической
речи.
2.
Развивающая – развитие активности, способности к анализу, обобщению и
формулированию собственных выводов
3.
Воспитательная – формирование ответственного отношения к окружающей среде,
воспитание правильного экологического поведения.
Задачи:
- активизировать
лексический материал по
теме;
- практиковать учащихся в аудировании;
- развивать навыки
устной речи.
Методы: коммуникативный,
проектный.
Тип
урока:
обобщающий
Формы
работы:
-
фронтальная работа (ответы на вопросы, чтение слов);
-
групповая работа (обсуждение мнений, дискуссия, ответы на вопросы);
-
парная работа;
-
индивидуальная работа.
Оснащение
урока:
компьютер, мультимедиапроектор, экран, слайды, доска, магнитофон, плакаты
учащихся, раздаточный материал, компьютерная презентация проектов учащихся.
Ход урока:
1.
Организационный момент и речевая зарядка.
Вступительное
слово учителя (приветствие, сообщение темы и цели урока);
Teacher: Good morning, boys and
girls! I am glad to see you. Sit down, please. I hope you are okay today and
ready to work hard and enthusiastically. Today we have our lesson on the topic
“Environmental Problems”.
It’s a wonderful world we live in.
It is our Earth. For thousands of years the Earth has given support to all
forms of life – human beings, animals, birds, fishes, insects and plants. But
now people all over the world think about our planet. They think about air,
water, plants and animals on the Earth. They say our planet is in danger. We
have very serious environmental problems on our Earth. Who can say what these
problems are?
P1: One of the problems is air
pollution.
P2: I think the next global problem
is water pollution.
P3: A lot of animals, birds and
plants are disappearing now. To my mind it’s a very serious problem.
P4: Another problem is
overpopulation. Nowadays there are too many people on the Earth, so the
pollution of it becomes higher and higher.
P5: And we have also such a problem
as destruction of natural recourses. For example, every year more and more
trees are cut down.
T: You are quite right. At this
lesson we are going to discuss these global environmental problems as air and
water pollution, endangered animals and plants, and secondly we will try to
answer the question: “What can we do to protect our environment and to save our
planet?”.
2. Фонетическая
зарядка (на слайде написана активная лексика).
T: First of all we will review some
words and word combinations on this theme.
Vocabulary:
ecology
environment
environmental problems
to protect the environment
to be polluted by
air pollution
water pollution
to prohibit
to be strictly prohibited
to drop litter
to clear litter away
rubbish
garbage
packaging
to throw away
to be in (out of) danger
to avoid doing smth.
acid rain
habitat
ozone layer
flora
fauna
greenhouse
effect
oxygen
carbon
dioxide
ultraviolet
radiation
(Работа проводится в режиме T – class; P1 –
P2 – P3 – P4 (в группах); T – P1, P2, P3,
P4).
3. Проверка знания слов.
T:
I am sure that everybody knows the meanings of these words. So you can easily
do the next task. Match the words with their definitions. We shall do this work
in groups.
1. Ecology
|
a) A gas in the atmosphere. The gas that we breathe out.
|
2. Environment
|
b) The Earth is becoming warmer because there is too much carbon
dioxide in the atmosphere.
|
3. Flora
|
c) The study of living creatures and plants in their
surroundings.
|
4. Fauna
|
d) This is the atmosphere between 10 km and 60 km above the
Earth. The ozone stops a lot of the ultraviolet radiation from the sun.
|
5. Habitat
|
е) When the land, sea or air becomes dirty or poisonous.
|
6. Pollution
|
f) Part of sunlight.
|
7. Carbon dioxide
|
g) The natural living place of an animal or plant.
|
8. Greenhouse effect
|
h) Rain containing acid.
|
9. Ozone layer
|
i) It means simply what is around us.
|
10. Ultraviolet radiation
|
j) All the plants that grow in a region.
|
11. Acid rain
|
k) The animals of a region.
|
T:
Ready? Let’s check.
4. Выступление
учащихся со своими проектами. Обсуждение экологической ситуации.
T: As you remember your homework
was to make projects on the problems of our environment.
So we have four groups. Each group
has prepared a project.
These are the themes of the
project:
1. Air pollution.
2. Water pollution.
3. Animals are in danger.
4. Plants are in danger.
After listening to other groups,
you can ask questions, add some information or express your opinion.
Okay, let’s start with air
pollution.
P1: Air pollution is a very serious
problem. Factories
emit tons of harmful chemicals. These emissions have disastrous consequences
for our planet. They are the main reason for the green house effect and acid
rains.
P2: When the
Americans decided to clean up the Statue of Liberty in 1986, the first thing
they had to do was to make a hole in her nose and take away the acid rain that
had collected inside. The polluted air of New York had mixed with the rain and
damaged the Statue badly. And you certainly know that most of the pollution in
big cities comes from cars and buses.
P3: An even greater
threat are nuclear power stations. We all know how tragic the consequences of
the Chernobyl disaster are. Nuclear pollution can not be seen but its effects
can be terrible.
P4: More and more
often people are told not to be in direct sunlight because ultraviolet
radiation from the sun can cause skin cancer. Normally the ozone layer in the
atmosphere protects us from such radiation, but if there are holes in the ozone
layer ultraviolet radiation can get to the earth. Many scientists think that
these holes are the result of air pollution.
T: Have you got
any questions? What is your opinion on this problem?
(ученики
высказывают свое мнение, задают вопросы).
T: Let’s continue
speaking. The next theme is water pollution.
P5:Water is very
important for life on the Earth. It is in oceans, seas, rivers and lakes. There
is much water on our planet and at the same time there is little water on it.
It is so because very little water on the Earth is good for drinking. In many
rivers and lakes water is very dirty. Sometimes people cannot swim even in the
sea because the sea and the seaside are not clean. In many places water is not
drinkable. It is dangerous to use it when you cook. Even fish die in such
water.
P6: For example
Lake Baikal is the deepest fresh water lake on the Earth. It is 1741 metres
deep. The lake is very beautiful but now it is in great danger, because of the
factories which are near it. At some places the water in the lake is so dirty
that it can kill animals and plants in the Baikal and near it.
P7: There is no
ocean or sea which is not used as a dump. The Pacific Ocean, especially, has
suffered from nuclear pollution because the French Government tests nuclear
weapons there. Many seas are used for dumping industrial and nuclear waste.
Britain alone dumps 250,000 tons of industrial waste straight into the North
Sea. This poisons and kills fish and sea animals. ‘Nuclear-poisoned’ fish can
be eaten by people.
P8: Many rivers
and lakes are poisoned too. Fish and reptiles can’t live in them. There is not
enough oxygen in the water. In such places all the birds leave their habitats
and many plants die. If people drink this water they can die too. It happens so
because factories and plants produce a lot of waste and pour it into rivers. So
they poison the water.
T: So we’ve
understood that air and water pollution are the most important problems on our
planet. And what do you think what we can do to save our planet from air and
water pollution?
P1: I think to
make air clean we need good filters at nuclear power stations, at factories and
plants and also in cars and buses.
P2: To my mind we
can walk or use a bicycle instead of going by car. We should clear rubbish from
lakes and rivers.
P3: Factories and
plants must be forbidden to pour their waste into rivers, lakes and oceans.
T: The next
problem is connected with the animals which need our protection. Now we will
listen to the next group about some endangered animals. As for the other
groups, be ready to add some more facts on this problem.
P9: Many animals
and birds are disappearing nowadays. Many of them are in danger. Have you ever
seen dodo? No, you haven’t. The last of these large birds that couldn’t fly
died many years ago. Now it is extinct. We even say “as dead as a dodo”, which
means “finished”. Your great-grandparents may just have seen a passenger
pigeon: the last one died in 1914. A lot more endangered species – fish,
reptiles, insects, birds, mammals – may disappear too. The reason is Man that
kills animals and destroys their habitats.
P10: Indian tigers
are among the endangered animals. Tigers are the biggest cats in the world.
They are skillful hunters. Often they are dangerous. Some people are afraid of
tigers and kill them to save their livestock and their lives. But some people
have hunted tigers for fun and for their beautiful skin. They sell the skin and
get a lot of money. There are few Indian tigers on the Earth now. Many of them
are usually old and sick animals. Most tigers hide from people in deep, dark
forests. The question is “Have those animals got a future?”
P11: We can ask
the same question about African elephants. They are wonderful animals. They can
help men. Today many elephants in Africa are dying because they do not have
enough to eat or to drink and because they do not have enough space to live in.
Hunters kill thousands of elephants every year. Some kill them for meat. But
most kill elephants for their tasks. Specialists think that only two million
elephants live on the planet today.
P12: I want to say
a few words about Blue whales. They are the largest animals ever to have lived
on the Earth. More than 200,000 blue whales used to live in the Atlantic and Pacific
oceans. Today there are only about 600 to 3,000. Why? Since the 17th
century they have been killed by hunters for their oil and meat. They have been
protected by international law since 1967.
T: Well, we have
learned about several animals which are almost instinct. Can you add anything?
P1: I want to add
that as for the other animals the situation is the same: 8 big cats are killed
to make one fur coat.
P2: Only several
hundred of rhinos are left in Asia and about 3 million kangaroos are hunted
every year.
P3: Over
400 000 monkeys are caught every year and about 300 dolphins and 30 sea
turtles are poisoned by water pollution everyday.
T: Not only people
can speak about the problems of environment. Books can speak, too. There is a
kind of book which screams. It’s the Red Data Book. It’s a reference book on
rare and disappearing animals and plants. Why is it “Red”? The color red is a
danger signal, understandable to all people in the world.
Not only animals are in danger. It also
concerns plants. We will learn about it from the last group.
P13: It is
not just animals that are in danger. So are plants. The world had over nine
million square km. of forests. This is a lot of trees, and also a lot of
different species of trees. But they are disappearing fast. People cut the
trees down because they need wood and paper or new places for farms and houses.
Forests the size of Belgium are destroyed every year. It’s an international
disaster. Even if new trees are planted, it takes many years for them to grow.
P14: You
are quite right. Every year over 100 000 sq. km. of forests are cleared for
different uses, and a lot of forests are so badly damaged that they will hardly
be able to recover. If we go on like this, before long all the forests on this
planet may be destroyed. This includes rainforests in South America, Africa and
Asia. The huge forests help to control the world’s weather, and to produce much
of the oxygen in the air.
P15: By
the way, some medicines come from trees and from plants and flowers, which grow
in the forest. There are many illnesses, which we still cannot cure. There are
old ones like cancer and new ones like AIDS. It may be that the medicines we
need will be discovered in wild plants in savannas, deserts or rainforests. If we
destroy these places, we never find the cure. Every one of us must know how
important in is to care for our great forests and save them from harm.
P16:
Besides the huge forests help to control the world’s weather, and to produce
much of the oxygen in the air. People and animals breathe in oxygen, and
breathe out carbon dioxide. We produce carbon dioxide when we burn things.
Trees take this gas from the air, and produce oxygen. But in the last few years
people have cut down and burnt big areas of rainforest. This means there are
fewer trees, and of course, more carbon dioxide.
5.
Музыкальная пауза.
T: It was very
interesting to listen to all of you. You have done very informative projects.
Thank you very much. You are tired a bit, aren’t you? Why not relax a little? I
hope you’ll enjoy listening to wonderful music from the TV program “In the
world of animals”.
6. Обсуждение
экологических проблем в своей деревне.
T: Let’s pass to
the problems closer to us. Problems devoted to the ecology of our village
Dedovo. Our village is situated in a beautiful place. It is surrounded by
forests and rivers. People like to spend their free time fishing, gathering
mushrooms and berries, having picnics and lighting barbecues. You’ll see some
pictures of well-known places. (Просмотр слайдов с видами нашей деревни).
T: Do you like our
village? Why?
T: But there are
some ecological problems in our area. What are they? What can you say about it?
P1: We see
different kinds of trees and flowers in the meadows near our village. But today
they are disappearing. We shouldn’t pick wild flowers in the meadows and forests.
P2: People cut
down trees. Fires are started. If trees are destroyed and people pick flowers
and grass birds and animals may become extinct. We mustn’t harm plants.
P3: We throw away
too much litter and in the wrong place. We leave litter near the river. The
water is polluted and the fish in the river die. Our river Ashkadar is polluted
too.
P4: We have a
beautiful pond in our village. We call it Gristhaevskiy. A lot of people swim
in this pond in summer. But the water is not clean there. As for our village
there isn’t clean water to swim. I am worried about it.
P5: A lot of cars
have appeared in our village recently. The air becomes dirty in the streets.
P6: Every spring I
see a lot of rubbish in our village. We, school children, try to do our best to
clean the streets. Every class organizes a clean-up day once a month.
T: So we
see, there are a lot of ecological problems in our area. Of course, we can’t
solve all of them ourselves, but we can do our share to keep the Earth clean.
And what do you personally do to keep the Earth clean?
P1: I don’t throw
litter in public places.
P2: I plant a tree
every year in the garden.
P3: I never break
glass bottles.
P4: I don’t cut
wild flowers.
P5: I take part in
a clean-up day once a month.
P6: I plant
flowers in the garden.
P7: I save water.
T: I see you
understand the ecological problems of our area. It is also seen from your
pictures. All of you have done well.
8. Домашнее
задание: Рассказать
об экологических проблемах нашей деревни и что мы можем делать чтобы решить их.
9. Подведение итогов.
1. Выставление
оценок.
2. T: Today we
tried to summarize our knowledge on the topic “Environmental Problems” and to
find out some ways how to save our planet Earth. I believe you’ll never pollute
the environment, the place where you live.
A famous Russian
writer Mihail Prishvin said: “To protect nature means to protect our
motherland”. I hope you will keep these words in your heart. And at the end we
shall sing the song “Save Our Planet”.
Save Our Planet
There’s so much
pollution
Poisoning the air
There is so much
litter
We can see it
everywhere
Wildlife is
disappearing
While everyone
stands by
The world we love
is dying
And we’re the
reason why
Why are we killing
the world
Why aren’t we doing
our share
We can save our
planet
We can help it
survive
Al it needs is a
little care
If we all work
together
Something can be
done
We need a clean-up
campaign
Which involves
everyone
We can slow down
global warming
We can stop the
acid rain
We can heal our
planet
We can help it
live again
Why are we killing
the world…….
If we don’t act
quickly
Our world will
soon be dead
We must leave our
cars at home
And use bicycles
instead
We must stop using
chemicals
And burning fossil
fuels
We must recycle
all our mess
It’s easy to do
We must stop
killing the world
We must start doing our share
We can save our
planet
We can help it
survive
Al it needs is a
little care
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