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1 слайд
Holidays
in
Britain
2 слайд
The role of traditions in Britain
Contents
Spring Holidays
Pancake Day
Easter
April 1st
The May Spring Festival
Spring Bank Holiday
Late Summer Bank Holiday
Summer Holidays
Autumn Holidays
Winter Holidays
Halloween
Guy Fawkes's Day
Christmas
Boxing Day
New Year
St. Valentine's Day
Exercises
3 слайд
Britain is full of customs and traditions.
Most of them are very old.
Some traditions are so old that they look rather strange to modern people.
But the British do not want to part with them.
They are rather conservative.
But their old customs and traditions make Britain a very attractive country for other nations who have lost their heritage.
4 слайд
Holidays are especially rich in old traditions and are different in Scotland, Ireland, Wales and England.
They are:
Christmas Day
Boxing Day
New Year's Day
Good Friday
Easter Monday
May Day
Spring Bank Holiday
Late Summer Bank Holiday
There are eight public holidays, or bank holidays a year in Great Britain, that are days on which people need not go to work.
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Besides public holidays, there are other festivals, anniversaries and simply days, on which certain traditions are observed for example St. Valentine’s Day, Halloween etc., but unless they fall on Sunday, they are ordinary working days.
Learn more about holidays in Britain!
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Spring
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Pancake Day is a popular name for Shrove Tuesday – the last day of enjoyment before the fasting of Lent. On Shrove Tuesday Christians confessed their sins to a priest. Many people still traditionally eat pancakes on that day. One of the main events of Shrove Tuesday is the pancake race at Olney in Buckinghamshire. The competitors in the race are housewives from Olney; they have to make their pancakes and run from the village square to the church.
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Easter is a Christian holiday in March or April, then Christians remember the death of Christ and his return to life.
The holiday is remarked by going to church and then having a celebration dinner. Easter is connected in people’s minds with spring, with the coming to life of the earth after winter.
The most popular emblem of Easter is Easter eggs: a hard-boiled egg painted in different colours. Easter eggs a traditional presents for children. Nowadays Easter eggs are usually made of chocolate. Children get them and also chocolate Easter rabbits.
Each year, on Easter Sunday, London greats spring with a traditional spectacular Easter Parade in Battersea Park. The Parade is a great procession of many richly decorated floats.
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For example, you may step into basin of water placed secretly where you are sure to step into it. You may get salt in your coffee instead of sugar. You may fall on the floor because your trousers are sewn up or your shoe-laces are tied. These jokes may be silly, but they succeed again and again. On April 1st television and radio services join in the fun. They tell unbelievable stories and advertise nonexistent goods. Newspapers print long articles which turn out to be jokes. Often, you have to read the long article to the very end to realise that you have been fooled.
Most European countries "celebrate" April 1st in some strange way, either by mocking simple-minded or honouring the fool. Most of the tricks played on this day are far from original, and many have been used so often that they have become traditional. The most common form of the joke is to send a simple-minded person on some fruitless errand. Naturally children are the easiest victims. They may be sent to get a dozen cock's eggs, or a stick with one end, or a litre of sweet vinegar, or, probably, a leather hammer, or a pint of pigeon's milk. Some jokes are not so harmless.
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The May Spring Festival, which is celebrated on the first of May, has to some extent retained it’s old significance – that of the pagan spring festival.
Nowadays it is celebrated mostly by children and young people in many schools in different parts of Britain.
It is celebrated with garlands of flowers, dancing and games on the village green, where they erect a maypole – a tall pole decorated with flowers and ribbons.
The girls put on their best summer dresses, put flowers on their hair and round their waists, and wait for the crowning of the May Queen. The most beautiful girl is crowned with a garland of flowers. After this great event there is dancing, and the dancers wear fancy costumes representing characters from Robin Hood legends.
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Spring Bank Holiday is celebrated on the last Monday in May. There is an official holiday, then all the offices are closed and people don’t go to work. Many people go to the country on this day and have picnics.
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Summer
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Late Summer Bank Holiday is another official public holiday, and it is celebrated on the last Monday in August.
During the August Bank Holiday townsfolk usually go to the country and to the seacoast. Seaside towns near London are invaded by thousands of Londoners.
This day is also a time for big sports meetings at large stadiums, mainly all kinds of athletics. There are also horse races all over the country, and, most traditional, there are large fairs with swings, roundabouts, Punch and Judy shows an every kind of other entertainments. Traditional on this day is the famous Hanley regatta.
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Autumn
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The night of October 31, Halloween, is the most famous of witches’ festivals. Ghosts and witches are not the only ones who come out at Halloween. From their hiding places come hundreds of demons, skeletons, goblins and other supernatural creatures.
Children in Great Britain like Halloween very much. In the weeks before October 31, the decorate the windows of their houses and schools with pictures of witches, black cats and bats. They make lanterns out of pumpkins. They are called jack-o’-lanterns. Black and orange are traditional Halloween colours.
On October 31, children dress up as ghosts and witches, skeletons and Draculas, and have noisy parties. Sometimes they go to the people’s houses and ring at the door, shouting “Trick or treat!” The person who opens the door must give the children a treat – some sweets or cookies. If not, the children play a trick on them. For example, they can throw flour at the window or draw a funny picture on the door.
Halloween parties are great fun!
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November, 5th is Guy Fawkes's Day. All over the country people build wood fires, or "bonfires", in their gardens. On top of each bonfire is a guy, this is a figure of Guy Fawkes.
On November, 5th, 1665, Guy Fawkes tried to kill King James I. He and a group of his friends put a bomb under the Houses of Parliament in London. But the king's men found the bomb and Guy Fawkes. They took him to the Tower of London, where his head was cut off.
Before November 5th, children use guys to make money. They stand in the street and shout: "Penny for the guy".
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Winter
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Christmas is the main public holiday in Britain, when people spend time at home with their families, eat special food and drink a lot.
Christmas is the Christian festival to remember the birth of Jesus Christ. Long before Christmas time shops become very busy, because a lot of people buy Christmas presents. A lot of money is spent on the presents, but many people enjoy it. Every day television and newspapers say how many days are left before Christmas. People also buy Christmas cards to send to their friends and relatives. The card have the words Marry Christmas and pictures of the birth of Christ, Santa Claus, a Christmas tree, a robin, or scenes of old-fashioned Christmases in churches people sing Christmas carols – special religious songs.
Sometimes groups of people walk about the streets and sing carols at the doors of houses. Houses are usually decorated with lights and branches of needle-leaf trees. Many people have a decorated Christmas tree in the houses. Before going to bed on Christmas Eve the children hang stockings at the back of the beds, for Santa Claus to put the presents in when he comes in the middle of the night through the chimney.
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The day after Christmas, the twenty sixth of December, is also a public holiday. It is called Boxing Day. The name goes back to the old tradition: sometime before Christmas, boxes were placed in churches for the people to put some money or presents for the poor. On the day after Christmas, the twenty sixth of December, the priest opened the box and gave the contents away to poor people.
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New Year is not such an important holiday in England as Christmas. Some people don’t celebrate it at all.
Many people have New Year parties. A party usually begins at about 8 o’clock and goes on until early in the morning. At midnight they listen to the chimes of Big Ben, drink a toast to the New Year and sing Auld Lang Syne.
In London crowds usually gather round the statue of Eros in Piccadilly Circus and welcome the New Year.
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February 14th is St. Valentine's Day; it is a day for choosing sweethearts and exchanging love-tokens. Generations of young people have considered St. Valentine to be the friend and patron of lovers and have sent gifts and hand-made valentines to their sweethearts. Valentine was a colourful cards with a short love verse composed by the sender. Now thousands of ready-made valentines are sent through the post every year. They are complete with ready-made sentiments and decorations, brightly coloured and gilded, and sometimes perfumed and packed into a neat box.
22 слайд
Again
Contents
Exercises
23 слайд
Exercises:
1. Cross
2. Cloze
3. Quiz
4. Match
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