Проектная работа учащихся 9 класса «А» ГБОУ СОШ №629
Губановой Виктории и Лысенко Полины
по теме «Гражданская война в США»
American
Civil War (1861—1865)
The
aim:
to study key moments of history and culture of the foreign country
(the country of learning language)
The
tasks:
·
to study causes of the war, stages of the war, the results of the
war
The
plan:
·
causes of the war
·
the first stage of the war
·
the second stage of the war
·
the results of the war
Causes
of the war
The fighting began with the shelling of Fort Sumter on the 12th
of April in 1861 and ended with the surrender of the remnants of the army of
the South on the 23rd of June in 1865. During the war there were
about 2 thousand battles. Only in this war so many citizens of the USA were
killed.
The
North was focused on machine building, metalworking and light industry. Here
the main labor force was immigrants from different countries who worked in factories.
There was enough manpower in the North; another situation was in the South. Received
huge land holdings, planters settled on these lands. Land in the South is very fertile;
the climate is good for farming, so the South was an agrarian region. Tobacco,
sugar cane, cotton and rice were grown here. However, in the South there was
not enough workers. In the North flexible fiscal policy was held. Both in the
North and in the South, black people were considered as the second class. The
North needed raw materials from the South, especially cotton, and the South – machines
of the North.
The
first stage of the war
One of the first campaigns of the civil war was the struggle for
West Virginia. After the secession of Virginia in April 1861, the Western
district opposed that step, and on the 3rd of May the Department of
the Ohio was formed to control this territory, the command of which was
entrusted to General McClellan. He began a campaign to oust the enemy from
Virginia: on the 3rd of June the southerners lost a small battle at
Philippi, on the 11th of July McClellan whipped again. In September the
southerners failed to win. And by December 1861 West Virginia was under the
control of the Federal army.
The Southerners began to retreat to Sharpsburg. In the battle in
the Southern Mountains, they were able to delay the enemy for a day.
The second stage of the war
Having another brilliant victory, General Lee decided to make an
attack on the North, to break the Union army in a battle, and to offer the
enemy a treaty. The battle took place from the 1st till the 3rd
of July in 1863, in the small town of Gettysburg. The battle was extremely
stubborn and bloody. The southerners sought to achieve success. On the first
day of the battle the southerners managed to throw back the enemy, but their
attack on the second and third day were ineffective. The southerners lost about
27 thousand people, retreated into Virginia. The siege of Petersberg was the
final stage of the Civil war in the USA, which lasted from the 9th
of June till the 25th of March in 1864.
The
results of the war:
· The civil war was the bloodiest in U.S. history. The northerners
lost almost 360 thousand people. The confederates lost 258 thousand and about
137 thousand people injured.
· Only military spending of the U.S. government reached 3 and a half
billion dollars.
· However, the most important result of the Civil War was that
slavery was prohibited.
Conclusion:
It’s
necessary to know the history of the country which language you are studying in
order to understand the reasons of some events, political division and features
of the language. Thanks to such projects the studying of English is easier and
more interesting.
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