London
ГайнутдиноваЛ.Н.
Тема раздела: Великобритания.
Тема урока: Лондон
Цели урока:
Обучающая:
- Практика в
речевой деятельности: чтении, говорении, аудировании.
- Активизация
лексики по теме «Лондон».
Развивающая:
- Развитие умения
понимать и передавать основную мысль прочитанного и услышанного.
- Развитие
инициативы в осуществлении иноязычной речевой деятельности.
- Развитие
познавательного интереса к английскому языку и культуре страны изучаемого
языка.
Воспитывающая:
- Воспитание
уважения к культуре английского народа
План урока:
- Организационный
момент.
- Фонетическая
разминка.
- Актуализация
знаний.
- Объяснение
материала.
- Закрепление.
- Контроль
(выполнение теста).
- Подведение итогов.
- Объяснение
домашнего задания.
Ход урока:
1.
Организационный момент.
Т:
Good morning, my friends! Today we will speak about London. Your homework for
today’s lesson was to read about sights in London. And I hope you’ve got to
know lots of them. You should be very attentive today and at the end of the
lesson you will have to fill in the blanks in the “London. Sightseeing.” quiz.
2.
Фонетическая разминка.
Read names of some sights in
London:
3.
Актуализация знаний.
T: When people think of a
foreign country they picture in their minds its capital, of course. Let’s
remember the capitals of the countries of the UK.
T: What do you usually
think of when you think of some city? What places of interest are there in each
capital of the country? Complete the Word Web.
4.
Объяснение нового материала.
T: Today we will speak
about London.
Samuel Johnson said: “When a man is tired of London? He is tired of life; for
there is in London all that life can afford”. Today, more than 200 years later,
Johnson’s words still ring true. There are few places that offer such a variety
of sights, entertainments, educational and business opportunities, world famous
museums and theaters. Now look at the map of the central part of London.
T: There are a lot of
places of interest in London. Would you like to see famous London sights? Our
experts will tell us what is worth seeing in the capital of Britain. Every of
us for today’s lesson read about one of the places of interest in London. When
you listen fill in the table with the main information about the sights in
pairs.
Ps: present the famous
sights of London. T. shows slides.
GENERAL
INFORMATION
London lies on
the river Thames The population of the city is about 9 million people. It is an
ancient city, for it is more than 2000 years old. London consists of three main
parts the City, The West End and the East End. The City is the most important
commercial and financial center of the country; there are banks and offices of
companies from all over the world there.
The West End is a district where most of theaters, bars, restaurants and hotels
are situated. The popular place is Piccadilly Circus.
It is a square in the central part of London, where we can see people of many
nationalities. Piccadilly Circus is the meeting point of six streets. London’s
famous restaurants and best-known theatres and cinemas are on Piccadilly
Circus. Covent Garden is a tourist shopping center with cafes and restaurants.
In the East End there are most of the factories and docks.
PARKS
There are a
lot of parks and gardens in London.
In Regent Park there is London Zoo. It’s one of the biggest zoos in the world.
Near the Buckingham Palace there are two parks: Green Park and St. James Park,
where we can see pelicans and ducks. Hyde Park covers an area of 360
acres. On the north of Hyde Park there is a very famous place called
‘Speaker’s Corner’ where, only on Sundays, any person can talk on any subject. One of the most famous speakers there is Lord
Soper who is a politician. Here you
will see what we call "hecklers". They are people who try to upset the person speaking. It is well worth a visit on Sunday from 10.00 until they
finish.
LONDON TFAFFIC
First of all,
traffic in London differs from that of the Continent. In England we keep to the
left side of the road and not to the right.
You can see many buses, cars and taxis in the streets. There are two main kinds
of buses in London: the red double-decker
and the red single-decker. Some double-deckers have automatic doors and you may
pay the driver when you go in. In single-deckers you buy your ticket from a
machine in the bus. But most London buses have a conductor who will come round
and collect fares. Double-deckers have seats for 65 people. Only 5 people are
allowed to stand when the seats are full.
BUCKINGHAM
PALACE
Buckingham
Palace
is the official residence of Her Majesty the Queen and her family. It isn't
open to the public. The first monarch who
took residence there was Queen Victoria.
When Her Majesty is in residence the Royal Standard flies over the east front of Buckingham Palace. It has
600 hundred rooms, a swimming pool, a
cinema, a ballroom, a nuclear cellar and a garden, which is like a private
park. In summer the Queen gives three garden parties for about 9,000 guests.
The ceremony of the Changing of the
Guard at Buckingham Palace is a great tourist
attraction. It takes place daily in the forecourt at 11.30
a.m. and lasts half an hour. To the
sound of music, the guardsmen in their traditional bearskins arrive and pass
the palace keys to another group.
ST. PAUL'S CATHEDRAL
The City's greatest monument, St. Paul's Cathedral was built by Sir
Christopher Wren between 1675 and 1710 to replace the old Cathedral that
was largely destroyed in the Great Fire of
1666. The Cathedral is second in size
only to St. Peter's in Rome. Between the two west towers rises the famous dome.
It is 365 feet high and beneath it is the celebrated "Whispering
Gallery". Unfortunately Christopher Wren died before its completion. He is
buried there. Among the many memorials to famous men within the Cathedral are the tombs of Wellington, victor of Waterloo, and
Nelson, hero of Trafalgar.
TRAFALGAR SQUARE
Trafalgar square is a very famous square where on
New Year's Eve people gather to celebrate.
At midnight people jump into the
fountains fully clothed and enjoy themselves. In the middle of the square there
is a very famous statue "Nelson's Column"
which is over 170 feet high. The statue on the top is in memory of Lord
Horatio Nelson who won the most famous sea battle at Trafalgar. This column is cleaned once every seven years. It is a very difficult job as they have to climb
to the top and clean all the mess
the pigeons have made on the statue. Trafalgar Square has become famous as a rallying point for all
kinds of demonstrations, marches and political meetings.
NATIONAL GALLERY
The whole of the north side of Trafalgar Square is dominated by the National
Gallery. It houses one of the finest art
collections in the world. It includes paintings from British, Italian, Spanish, French, Dutch, Flemish
and other famous schools. It has a
priceless collection of paintings by the famous artists Van Gogh, Reubens, Constable and any other painter you wish
to name.
THE TOWER OF LONDON
It is a very old building, - nine hundred years old! In the early days of England the English
kings lived in the Tower. Then it was
a prison where many people died. Black ravens
had much food near the walls of the Tower in those days. Now the Tower of London is a museum housing the
National Collection of Armour and
Royal Regalias, and many tourists from other countries come to see it.
They see the dark stone halls with small
windows and thick doors. Something that should not be missed is the Crown Jewels, a priceless collection of
every jewel known. The Tower is
still guarded by the Yeomen Warders, the famous Beefeaters, who wear a traditional sixteen-century uniform.
TOWER BRIDGE
It was opened in 1894. It takes its name from the Tower of London. The hydraulic mechanism can
raise and lower the bridge in about one and a half minutes. The covered walkway between the two towers is open to the
public and offers a spectacular view
of London.
WESTMINSTER ABBEY
It is a symbol of English tradition at its best. The coronations of nearly all English
kings and queens since William the
Conqueror have taken place here. Many of them are buried within the Abbey. Beneath the roof of this Gothic building there are also the graves and memorial
slabs of statesmen, philosophers, men of letters and other distinguished
people. Here you can see memorials
to Isaac Newton, Charles Darwin, Geoffrey
Chaucer, Alfred Tennyson, Charles Dickens and Thomas Hardy.
THE
HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT AND BIG BEN
The Houses of Parliament is a very large building
which stands near the Thames. Once a royal
palace, the Houses of Parliament are now the seat of the Government. In 1834 it was destroyed by fire. The new
building was built between 1840-1852. It contains 500 apartments. Among them
are the Central Hall, Clock Tower (St. Stephen's Tower), the House of Lords, the House of Commons. The Houses of Parliament stretch for nearly 1000
feet along the north bank of the Thames. When the House is in session a
Union Jack flies from the tower by day, and a light burns in the Clock Tower by
night.
Clock Tower is 320 feet high and is
famous for its immense hour bell. The English people built the tower and the clock in 1858. The clock has four faces and five big bells. The biggest bell is
known as Big Ben. The bell weighs 13 tons. Originally, the man in charge of the building was Sir Benjamin Hall. He was very
tall and the workers and his friends
called him Big Ben. So they called the bell
Big Ben too. Sometimes people call the clock and the Clock Tower Big Ben. The
people of London who live near the Houses of Parliament can hear the
sounds of the bell every hour. On New Year's
night people come to the Clock Tower to see in the New Year.
5.
Закрепление нового материала.
T: Now, my friends, let’s
summarize what we can see in London.
T: Name these sights and
say a few words about them.
- … Park (Hyde)
- … Square (Trafalgar)
- … Gallery (National)
- … of London (The Tower)
- … Cathedral (St. Paul’s)
- … Bridge (Tower)
- … Abbey (Westminster)
- … Palace (Buckingham)
- The River…(Thames)
- The Houses of …(Parliament)
6. Контроль.
T: Well, my friends, and
now we’ll see if you know London well. Do the test in your computer (or in the
worksheets). Choose the correct answer.
And one more task for more
attentive persons is to answer the questions.
Test I
“London. Sightseeing”.
- You can see the column with a
statue of Nelson in…
ü
Piccadilly Circus
ü
Hyde Park
ü
Trafalgar Square
- … is very democratic park.
ü
Hyde Park
ü
Regent’s Park
ü
St. James’s Park
- London Zoo is in …
ü
Regent’s Park
ü
St. James’s Park
ü
Hyde Park
- They change the Guard every day
at…
ü
9:30 a.m.
ü
11:30 a.m.
ü
12 o’clock
- Piccadilly Circus is the
meeting point of …
ü
5 streets
ü
7 streets
ü
6 streets
- Another famous sight outside
the Tower of London is the …
ü
Pelicans
ü
Ravens
ü
Ducks
- The London home of the Queen is
…
ü
Buckingham Palace
ü
Westminster Abbey
ü
Covent Garden
- The seat of the British
Government is
ü
The Houses of Parliament
ü
Buckingham Palace
ü
Piccadilly Circus
Test II “London. Sightseeing”.
- What is Covent Garden? (A
tourist shopping center).
- What is a double-decker? (A
bus).
- What is Big Ben? (One of the
most famous clocks in the world).
- Who is the architect of the
famous St. Paul’s Cathedral? (Sir Christopher Wren).
- Where can you see wax models?
(Madam Tussaud’s).
- Where is the Queen’s residence
in London? (Buckingham Palace).
- Which building has a famous
“Whispering Gallery”? (St. Paul’s Cathedral).
- Which place has a monument to
Admiral Nelson? (Trafalgar Square).
- It was a fortress, a royal
palace and later a prison. It is a museum now. (The Tower of London).
- This round place is often
called the center of London. There’s a statue of Eros in the middle of it.
(Piccadilly Circus).
- Mps debate and argue here, and
there’s a clock tower with a famous bell in it. (The Houses of
Parliament).
- English kings and queens are
usually married here. Many of them are also buried here, as well as many
famous writers. (Westminster Abbey).
7.
Подведение итогов.
T:
Thanks a lot. Did you enjoy our excursion? What places of interest in London do
you like best?
P1: I
like the Tower of London and Tower Bridge.
P2: I
like the Tower of London, Tower Bridge and the Houses of Parliament.
P3: I
like the Houses of Parliament and Big Ben.
P4: I
like Westminster Abbey.
P5: I like
National Gallery.
P6: I
like Buckingham Palace and Royal parks.
P7: I
like St. Paul’s Cathedral.
P8: I like Trafalgar Square
T: analyzes
pupils’ work and give the marks.
8.
Объяснение домашнего задания.
T: Your
home task is to write a letter to your new friend about your impressions of
London. For extra work you should add information which hasn’t been mentioned
today.
You have
worked very well. Thank you. Goodbye.
ИО №1
ИО №2
Questions to pupils
|
Their answers
|
What
is the capital of the UK?
|
London
|
What
is the capital of Great Britain?
|
London
|
What
is the capital of England?
|
London
|
What
is the capital of Wales?
|
Cardiff
|
What
is the capital of Scotland?
|
Edinburgh
|
What
is the capital of Northern Ireland?
|
Belfast
|
ИО №3
№4
“When a man is tired of
London? He is tired of life; for there is in London all that life can afford”.
Samuel Johnson (1709 –
1784)
№5 №7
№8 №9
№10 №11
№12 №13
№14
№15 №16 №17
№18 №19
№20 №21
Text.
ARCHITECTURE:
London
contains buildings in all styles of English architecture since the 11th
century: Norman: the White Tower, Tower of London; St Bartholomew-the-Great;
the Temple Church Gothic: Westminster Abbey; Westminster Hall; Lambeth Palace;
Southwark Cathedral Tudor: St James's Palace; Staple Inn 17th century:
Banqueting Hall, Whitehall (Inigo Jones); the St Paul's; Kensington Palace;
many city churches (Christopher Wren) 18th century: Somerset House (William
Chambers); St Martin-in-the-Fields; Buckingham Palace 19th century: British
Museum (neoclassical); Houses of Parliament; Law Courts (neo-Gothic);
Westminster Cathedral (Byzantine style) 20th century: Lloyd's of London Since
mid-century London skyline has changed. It has assumed a new profile, with
familiar shapes set in a new perspective of towering blocks of flats and
offices. Telecom Tower is one of the city's tallest buildings and a landmark
that can be seen from all over London.
HISTORY:
London was
established by the Romans shortly after their invasion of Britain in 43 AD. London
is where the invading Romans first crossed the River Thames (it is situated at
the lowest point where the Thames could be forded). The Romans built a city a
square mile in size, surrounded it with a wall and called it
"Londinium". According to the Roman historian Tacitus the city
thronged with merchants and their wares within 20 years of its foundation. As
Londinium, London was a Roman trading centre. This original site of London is
now called the City of London and is only a very small part of London. London
received its first charter in 1066 from William I. In the 11th century, London
began to expand beyond the City walls when King Edward the Confessor built a huge abbey at Westminster. Even today,
Westminster Abbey and the Houses of Parliament, as well as the shops,
cafes, theatres and cinemas of the West End, are in the City of Westminster and
not in the City of London. Westminster grew up around its abbey, and became
the centre of government in the 12th century. London suffered the plague
of 1665, and the Great Fire of 1666, after
which many new buildings were designed by Wren. During the 18th and
19th centuries London expanded greatly: rail transport encouraged suburbs. London
suffered much damage from air raids in the Second World War; new modern
buildings have changed the character of many parts of the city.
EDUCATION AND CULTURE:
London is also the country's cultural capital,
with world-famous institutions such
as the British Museum, the National and Tate galleries, the BBC (at
Broadcasting House) and the Royal Albert Hall.
London
University is the largest in Britain, while the Inns of Court have been the training school for lawyers since the 13th
century. Altogether there are 13 universities
and 13 higher education colleges with a total of 143,000 students in London.
London has
been the centre of English drama since the first theatre was built by James
Burbage in 1576. Nowadays there are 204 theatres in London, a quarter of which are in Westminster's West End, and
well over 1,000 drama companies. London has a large number of museums
and art collections. It is a centre for the
world's art trade, with many galleries and auction houses situated around Cork
Street and Bond Street. London has over 300 museums.
ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION
Administratively London consists of the City and Greater
London which was formed in 1965 and has 32 boroughs (the 13 boroughs of Inner
London and 19 of Outer London); they include the City of Westminster, Kensington and Chelsea, Lambeth and
Islington. Greater London, extending
for about 20 miles (more than 30
kilometres) in every direction from
Charing Cross (the official centre of the metropolis), from Enfield in
the north to Croydon in the south, and Uxbridge in the west to Romford in the
east, includes the City of London, the county of London, the whole of the former county of Middlesex and parts of the Home
Counties (the surrounding counties of Hertfordshire, Essex, Surrey and Kent).
The population of Greater London is over eight million.
Because of the prevalence of buildings of from
two to five storeys, London covers a proportionately greater area than
many other large European cities. For example, Paris within the boundaries of
the ring road, occupies an area of 40 square miles (105 square kilometers)
while Greater London covers 610 square miles (1,580 square kilometers).
LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN LONDON
Running a city as large as London is a major task.
Until 1986 the metropolis was governed by the Greater London Council (the GLC). Its main function was to deal with
problems that affect the whole metropolitan
area, such as traffic control, motor road construction and maintenance,
big housing developments and research and planning for the entire area. The boroughs are run by locally elected councils.
They are responsible for education, health and welfare services.
There are 33 local authorities in the capital,
providing a range of local and other services for Londoners.
Since 1986 there has been no central authority
for Greater London. The City of London.has
been governed by a corporation from the 12th century. Its structure and
the electoral procedures for its common councillors and aldermen are medievally complex, and it is headed by the Lord
Mayor. The City of London's livery companies are the successors to
London's medieval guilds of merchants and craftsmen. These livery companies
promote their particular trades both nationally
and internationally and do much charity work. In recent years ancient guilds, such as Mercers or the Goldsmiths, have
been joined by companies covering
new fields such as information technology. While keeping alive traditions and
links with London's past, the livery
Task.
T: London is full of parks
and gardens. Here are the mixed names of some of them. Try to guess.
1.
DNGESIOGRENKNNTAS (KENSINGTON GARDEN)
2.
EPYKHADR (HYDE PARK)
3.
STKEERRNAGP (REGENT’S PARK)
4.
DCPMIARROKHN (RICHMOND PARK)
5.
NRKREAGEP (GREEN PARK)
6.
TPRSMESKJAAS (ST. JAMES PARK)
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