Варианты домашней контрольной работы для заочников

Министерство образования и науки  Республики Башкортостан

ГБПОУ  Мелеузовский многопрофильный профессиональный колледж

Варианты

к  домашней  контрольной  работе

по дисциплине  Иностранный язык (английский)

по  специальности

15.02.12.  Монтаж  и техническая  экслуатация промышленого оборудования ( по  отраслям)

2020

Вариант – 1

1.Прочитайте и  переведите  текст:

     Mankind  has  used  metals for  centuries in  gradually  increasing quanties but  only now they are  employed in really great  quanties. Today  we  know more  than  seventy metals , the  majority of  which  are  used  in industry. Of   all  metals iron  is  the most  important one. Absolutely pure iron  is  never prepared except for  laboratory purposes. The irons  and  stells  in  use  today  are  really alloys of  iron, carbon and other substances. They  can  be  made elastic, touth,  hard, or comparatively soft. Mechanical  properties of  metals are the  result  of  their  atomatic structure. They include hardness, ductility  and  malleability which  are of  special  importance in  engineering. Ductulity is  the  capacity of  a  metal  to  be  permanently deformed  in  tension without breaking. Malleability is  the capacity  of  a  metal  to be permanently deformed  by compression without rupture. These properties   are  similar to each  other  but  not the  same. Most  metals increase these properties at higher temperatures. The  strength of  a  metal  is the property of  resistance to  external loads and  stresses.  These mechanical  properties are of  great importance  in  industrial  purposes because all parts and units made of  iron and steel must meet up-to-date demands.

2.Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.

1. How long you (to wait) for me? I am really very sorry.

2. Yesterday I (to meet) a friend of mine whom I (not to see) for a long time.

3. You (to be) late for the concert if you (not to take) a taxi.

3.Замените выделенные части предложений герундиальными оборотами. Изменяйте конструкцию предложения, где необходимо

1. That nobody saw them was a mere chance.

2. Mother insisted that her son should enter the university, (on)

3. The place looked so picturesque and cheerful that he rejoiced at the thought that he would come to live there, (of)

4.Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.

1. The children have scattered about a lot of things.

2. The girl has put all the books into the bookcase.

3. Snow will cover the fields in winter.

Вариант – 2

1.Прочитайте и  переведите  текст:

     Steel is  the  finished  product  in industry which  first  makes pig iron  from  ores. These ores are abundant,  and  therefore  iron is cheap  to produce.

     Iron  is  extracted  in  a  blast –furnace. Iron  pre, coke and limestone are fed continuously into  the  top  of  the blast –furnace.The raw materials  fall into  the top  of  the tall cylindrical furnace,  which  may  be over 100 feet high. The  outher shell of  the furnace is  of  iron  plates riveted together,  and   inside this casing is a  lining of fireblock  about eighteen  inches thick,  which is capable of  withstanding high  temperatures. The furnace is  approximately  twenty feet wide at its maximum width,  and only eight  feet  wide at the narrowest part, i.e., at the  bottom ,  where molten  iron and  slag fall through into  a  well, from  which  the two  materials  are run off at intervals. About six feet from  the base of  the  furnace,  six narrow cylindrical  water-cooled devices ,  called  tuyeres, force a  blast of air at  about 800⁰ C into  the furnace. The hot  gases leaving the  top  of  the  furnace  are used  tio  heat the  air  pasing  through  the  tuyeres.

2.Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.  

1. She is going to read the letter she just (to receive).

2. He just (to approach) the door, when she (to enter).

3. Where is the baby? — The nurse (to put) it to bed.

3.Замените выделенные части предложений причастными оборотами. Изменяйте конструкцию предложения, где необходимо.

1. When he arrived at the railway station, he bought a ticket, walked to the platform and boarded the train.

2. As he was promised help, he felt calmer.

3. After he was shown in, he was told to take off his coat and wait for a while.

4.Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.

1. She always invites me to her dinner parties.

2. She showed me the dress which her daughter had made.

3. They did not invite her to the party.

Вариант – 3

1.Прочитайте и  переведите  текст:

     Welding  is  a process  when   metal   parts  are  joined  together  by  the  application  of  heat,  pressure ,  or a  combination   of both. The processes  of  welding  can  be  divided  into  two  main  groups: 1)pressure   welding,  when the  weld  is  achieved  by  pressure; 2)heat  welding  ,  when  the weld   is  achived by  heat. Heat  welding  is  the  most  common welding   process  used today.

    Nowadays  welding  is  used  insead of  bolting and  riveting in the  construction of  many types of  structures, including   bridges,  builings, and ships. It  is also  a  basic process  in  the manufacture  of  machinery  and in  the  motor  and  aircraft  industries. It  is  necessary almost  in  all productions  where metals are  used. The welding process depends greatly on   the  properties of  the  metals ,  the  purpose of  their   applicaton and  the  available equipment.   Welding processes  are  classified   according to  the  sources  of  heat and pressure used: gas welding, arc  welding, and  resistance welding. Other joining  processes  are  laser welding, and electron-beam welding.

2.Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.

1. Hardly1 I (to go) out when I (to remember) that I (to forget) to take my umbrella.

2. It (to be) late. You (not to finish) yet?

3. The students (to write) the paper by dinnertime.

3.Замените выделенные части предложений герундиальными оборотами. Изменяйте конструкцию предложения, где необходимо

1. When he entered, she stood up and left the room, and even did not look at him. (without)

2. When Robert came home from the college, after he had passed his examinations, he felt very happy, (on)

3. In the darkness they were afraid that they might lose their way. (of)

4.Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.

1. I have invited some friends to tea.

2. She has given me an English book.

3. Have you written the letter yet?

Вариант – 4

1.Прочитайте и  переведите  текст:

      Metallworking re  important  in  industry because  they  can  be  easily  deformed  into   useful  shapes. A  lot of   metalworking  processes  have  been  developed for  certain  applications. They can  be  divided  into  five  broad  groups: rolling, extrusion, drawing,  forging, sheet-metal  forming.

     During  the  first processes  metal  is  subjected  to  large  amounts of  strain  . But  if   deformation goes at  a  high  temperature ,  the  metal  will  recrystallize that is,  new strain –free grains  will grow  instead  of   deformed  grains. For  this   metals  are  usually  rolled, extruded,  drawn,  or  forged  above  their recrystallization temperature. This  is  called  hot  working. Under  these  conditions  these  is   no  limit to   the  compressive plastic  strain  to  which  the  metal can  be  subjected.

     Other  proceses  are performed below  the recrystallization  temperature. These are  called cold  working. Cold  working  hardens metal  and makes the  part stronger. However,  there is  a limit  to  the strain  before a  cold part cracks.

2.Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.

1. The rain (to stop) by the time we (to reach) home.

2. The message (to arrive) five minutes after he (to leave) the house.

3. It (to be) nearly eleven o'clock when we (to begin) doing this work.

3.Замените выделенные части предложений причастными оборотами. Изменяйте конструкцию предложения, где необходимо.

1. Robin-son started the building of the house at once and finished it before the season of rains set in.

2. He poured out a cup of coffee, sat down in an armchair and looked at the woman who was sitting opposite him.

3. When he had left the house and was crossing the street, he suddenly stopped as he remembered that he had forgotten to phone his friend.

4.Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.

1. We discussed the matter some days ago.

2. Someone wants you on the phone.

3. She found my book on the windowsill.

Вариант – 5

1.Прочитайте и  переведите  текст:

      Sheet metal  forming  is  widely  used when  parts  of  certain   shape   and  size are needed. It   includes forging, bending  and shearing.One  characteristic  of  sheet  metal  forming is that the  thickness  of  the  sheet changes little in processing. The  metal   is   stretched  just beyond its yield point   in order to  retain  the  new  shape. Bending  can  be  done by pressing   between two  dies.  Shearing  is   a  cutting  operation similar  to  that used for cloth.

     Each  of  these processes  may  be used alone,  but often  all   three  are  used  on  one  part. For example, to  make  the  roof  of   an   automobile   from  a  flat  sheet,  the  edges   are  gripped and  the piece  pulled  in  tension   over a lower die. Next   an  upper  die  is  pressed  over the  top, finishing   the  forming operation ,  and   finally   the   edges   are   sheared off  to  give  the  final  dimensions.

2.Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.

1. If you (to ring) me up tomorrow, I (to tell) you all about it.

2. I (to live) in St. Petersburg since 1991.

3. By the fifteenth of January the students (to pass) all the exams.

3.Замените выделенные части предложений герундиальными оборотами. Изменяйте конструкцию предложения, где необходимо

1. When he reached his destination, he sent a telegram home to say that he had arrived safely, (on)

2. Thank you that you helped me. (for)

3. The new medicine may be recommended only after it is approved by the Scientific Board.

4.Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.

1. The boy was angry because his mother did not allow him to go to the stadium.

2. Why have you put my books on this table?

3. One of my friends took me to the cinema last week.

Вариант – 6

1.Прочитайте и  переведите  текст:

     Dies  are  tools  used  for the  shaping of  solid  materials, especially  those employed in  the  pressworking  of  cold metals. In presswork , dies are  used    in   parts. The smaller die, or punch, fits   inside   the larger   die,  called  the matrix or, simply , the  die. The metal  to  be formed, usually a sheet,  is placed over the press and moves down  by hydraulic or mechanical force.

     A number of  different forms of  dies are  employed for  different operations.The simplest  are  piercing  dies,  used   for   punching holes. Bending   and  folding  dies  are  designed to  make  single or compound  bends. A  combination  die  is  designed  to   perform  more than   one  of  the  above operation in  one  stroke of   the  pres, A  preogressive   die  permits successive  operations  with   the  same die.

      In coining ,  metal is  forced to  flow into two  matching dies,  each  of  which  bears  an  engraved design.

2.Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.

1. It was very late. I (to go) to bed and (to fall) asleep when my father (to return) home.

2. I'll join you when I (to drink) my tea.

3. The pupils (to do) a lot of exercises before they (to learn) to write dictations well.

3.Замените выделенные части предложений причастными оборотами. Изменяйте конструкцию предложения, где необходимо.

1. He looked at me and hesitated: he did not know what to say.

2. As he had long lived in those parts and knew the place very well, he easily found his way to the marketplace.

3. He has no language problems, because he has been studying English for a long time.

4.Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.

1. They were selling new children's books in that shop when I entered it yesterday.

2. A young teacher started a school in this village.

3. They are translating this article now.

Вариант – 7

1.Прочитайте и  переведите  текст:

      Lathe is  still   the  most important machine-tool. It  produces    parts   of  circular  cross-section by    turning    the workpiece on   its    axis    and cutting its   surface with a  sharp stationary   tool. The tool  may be  moved  sideways  to  produce   a  cylindrical  part and  moved  towards   the   workpiece to  control   he   depth  of  cut. Nowadays  all  lathes  are power-driven  by   electric motors. That allows  continuous  rotation   of    the  workpiece   at  a  variety  of  speeds. The  modern  lathe  is  driven  by  means  of  a  headsock   supporting  a  hollow  spindle  on  accurate    bearings  and   carrying  either  a  chuck  or  a faceplate,  to  which  the  workpiece  is   clamped.

       The  movement of   the  tool,  both  along  the  lathe   bed   and   at   right angle  to  it,  can  be accurately  controlled,  so  enabling    a  part to  be machined  to  close  tolerances. Modern  lathes    are   often  under    numerical   control.

2.Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.

1. On entering the drawing room, he (to find) that his two friends (to get) up and (to wait) for him.

2. Five minutes (not to pass) when the train for which we (to wait) (to appear) in the distance.

3. Tomorrow father (to come) late. We (to do) all our homework and (to drink) tea when he (to come).

3.Замените выделенные части предложений герундиальными оборотами. Изменяйте конструкцию предложения, где необходимо

1. You will never learn from your mistakes if you do not write them down, (without)

2. When the boy entered the room, he glanced curiously around, (on)

3. The patient felt much better after he had been given proper treatment.

4.Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.

1. Thousands of people attended this meeting.

2. The teacher has explained it to us.

3. We turn on the light when it is dark.

Вариант – 8

1.Прочитайте и  переведите  текст:

       Basically ,  the automobile consist of  the three parts: the  power plant,  or  the engine,  the chassis and  the  body. To  these may  be added the  accessories:  the heater, lights, radio, speedometer  and other devices. The  power plant,  or  engine is the souse of  power that  makes the  wheels rotate and the car move. It includes electric, fuel ,cooling and lubricating systems. Most automobile engines have six  or eight cylinders. The chassis consist of a  power train,  frame with  axles, wheels and springs. The chassis includes brakes and steering system.  The  poer train  carries the  power from  the  engine to  the car wheels and contains the clutch, gearbox, propeller or cardan shaft, differential  and the final  drive. The clutch  is  a friction  device connecting the engine crankshaft to  the gears in the gearbox. It is used for  freeing the gearbox from  the  engine and is cotrolled by the clutch pedal.

      Brakes are important mechanisms of  the  car.They are used to  slow or  stop  the  car. Most braking systems in  use today are hydraulic. They are operated by the brake pedal. When the driver pushes down  on the brake pedal, they  are applied and the car stops.

2.Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.

1. Не said he (to listen) to the same stories for a long time.

2. By the evening he (to translate) ten pages.

3. What you (to do) yesterday?

3.Замените выделенные части предложений причастными оборотами. Изменяйте конструкцию предложения, где необходимо.

1. After I had written this exercise, I began to doubt whether it was correct.

2. Take care when you cross the street.

3. Students should always be attentive when they are listening to the lecturer.

4.Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.

1. She promised us an interesting entertainment.

2. One uses chalk for writing on the blackboard.

3. Somebody has opened the door.

 Вариант – 9

1.Прочитайте и  переведите  текст:

       Metals are materials  most  widely used in  industry  because of  their  properties. The  study of the  production  and  properties of  metals  is  known  as  metallurgy.

     The separation  between the  atoms  in  metals is  small,  so  most metals  are dense. The  atoms  are  arranged  regularly  and  can  slide  over  each  other. That is  why metals  are malleable  and ductile. Metals  vary greatly  in their properties.

      All metals can  be formed by  drawing, rolling, hammering and  extrusion,  but some  require hot-working. Metals  are subject to  metal  fatigue  and  o creep  causing deformation  and  failure. Both effects are taken into  account by engineers   when  designing,  for  example,  airplanes,  gas-turbines,  and  pressure  vessels for high-temperature  chemical processes. Metals  can  be  worked  using  machine-tools.

     The ways of  working  a  metal  depend on  its  properties. Many metals  can be  melted and  cast in  moulds,  but special  conditions  are required  for  metals  tht  reacht  with  air.

2.Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.

1. Hardly1 he (to open) the suitcase, when he (to find) the tie which he (to think) he (to lose) long before.

2. Last night he (to finish) the book which he (to begin) writing a year ago.

3.1 (to be) afraid he (to lose) this match.

3.Замените выделенные части предложений герундиальными оборотами. Изменяйте конструкцию предложения, где необходимо

1. Just before I left the classroom, I was approached by a fellow student who asked me to help him.

2. Looking at the man attentively, she remembered that she had seen him and spoken to him on several occasions.

3. That nobody saw them was a mere chance.

4.Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.

1. A friend of his has shown me an interesting magazine.

2. His friend told him everything.

3. The students greeted the famous lecturer warmly

Вариант – 10

1.Прочитайте и  переведите  текст:

      The  engine is  the  souce of  power  that  makes  the  car  move. It  is  usually  called an  internal  combustion  engine because  gasoline is buned within  its  cylinders  or  combustion  chambers. Most  automobile engines  have six  or eight cylinders. The operating cycle of the four-stroke engine that place in the engine cylinder can be divided into  four strockes.The upper limit of  the piston  movement is  called the  top  dead centre. The lower limit of piston  movement from  the  top dead centre to  the  bottom  dead centre,  or from  the  bottom  dead centre to  the  top  dead  centre. In other words, the piston completes a  stroke each time it  changes the  direction  of  its  motion .  Where the  engine cycle of  events in the cylinder requires four strokes,  the engine is  called a  four stroke cycle engine. The four strokes are: intake, compession, power and exhaust.

     Two –cycle engines have  also been  made, and  in such  engines the  entire cycle of events is  completed in two strokes or  one revolution of  the crankshaft. On the compression  stroke the inlet valve is  closed so  that the mixture can be compressed. On the power stroke  both valves is closed in  order to rise pressure during the  mixture combustion .On  the exhaust stroke the valve is  opened to  exhaust the residual gas.

2.Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.

1. I decided not to put on my raincoat as it (to stop) raining already and the sun (to shine) brightly.

2. I did not recognize Helen as I (not to see) her for a very long time and she greatly (to change).

3. I was anxious to see the place where I (to spend) my childhood.

3.Замените выделенные части предложений причастными оборотами. Изменяйте конструкцию предложения, где необходимо.

1. When he had left the house and was crossing the street, he suddenly stopped as he remembered that he had forgotten to phone his friend.

2. As he was promised help, he felt calmer.

3. There are many students who study music.

4.Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.

1. They looked for the girl everywhere.

2. They did not listen to the boy.

3. They asked for our address.