Fainting
The
causes of fainting may be different: strong emotion, hunger, fatigue or pain.
In
fainting person loses consciousness. Blood doesn’t get to the brain. The face
of a person before fainting gets very pale and sweat appears on his forehead.
He feels dizzy and weak. His breathing is shallow. His pulse is weak and slow.
If you
help a person who lost his consciousness:
1. Lay
the person flat on his back.
2.
Raise his feet a little.
3.
Loose his dress.
4.
Cover him warmly and open the window.
5.
Sprinkle cold water on his face.
6.
Give the person to breathe in ammonia water.
7.
Call an ambulance if the person doesn’t regain consciousness.
Complete
the sentences:
1.
Person can loses consciousness because of … .
2. The
skin of the person in fainting is … .
3. The
pulse is … and the breathing is … .
4. Lay
the person on his … .
5.
Give the person to breathe in …
Mark
the sentences as true or false:
1. In
fainting the person doesn’t lose consciousness. (T/F)
2. The
face of a person gets pale. (T/F)
3. His
breathing is shallow. (T/F)
4. His
pulse is rapid. (T/F)
5.
Close the window immediately. (T/F)
6.
Raise his head a little. (T/F)
7.
Give the person to drink water. (T/F)
8.
Call an ambulance. (T/F)
Shock
Shock
is very dangerous. Loss of blood can cause shock. Severe pain or strong
emotions can cause shock too.
The
face of a person in shock is usually pale and the skin is cold. Breathing is
rapid and shallow. The pulse is rapid.
If you
help a person who is in shock:
1. Lay
the person flat on his back.
2.
Raise his feet a little.
3.
Cover him with blankets to keep him warm.
4.
Give him a warm drink.
5.
Keep him quiet
Complete
the sentences with the words: pale, rapid, to keep warm,
flat, back
1.
When a person is in shock his face is … .
2. The
pulse and breathing of a person in shock are … .
3. If
you help a person in shock lay him … on his … .
4. It
is important … a person in shock.
Answer
the questions:
1. Is
shock very dangerous?
2.
What can cause shock?
3.
What are the symptoms of shock?
4. Why
is the skin pale before shock?
5.
What should you do to help a person in shock?
Poisoning
Read
the text and answer the question: What is the first aid for poisoning?
The
first aid for poisoning is to empty the stomach. Do it as soon as possible.
Give much water to drink – 4-8 glasses. Some poisons cause shock, others –
asphyxia. In every case the patient needs prompt medical care.
A
doctor was invited to see a family of three persons. Approximately, half
an hour before the attack of illness all of them had eaten some food
which was evidently not quite fresh.
All
the members of the family became nauseated; they vomited and had violent
pains in the stomach. At the examination food poisoning was diagnosed. Gastric
tube with 20 large
amount of boiled water was instituted immediately. Two patients were put to bed
and given some medicine.
Hot-water
bags were applied to their feet. They obtained almost immediate relief and were
allowed to get up.
The
third patient was taken to the hospital in an ambulance. He was retained there
because of persistent nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and marked prostration.
A strict diet, bed regime and a proper therapy helped the patient and in a week
he was discharged from the hospital in a good condition.
Answer
the questions:
1.
What happened to the family of three persons?
2. Had
they eaten some food which was not fresh?
3.
What did they complain of?
4. Why
did they obtain immediate relief?
5.
What did the third patient use to become healthy again?
7.
When was the third patient discharged?
Make
up sentences using the words:
1. To
see, a family, a doctor, of three persons, was invited.
2.
Their feet, to, heating, were applied, pans.
3. To
the hospital, in an ambulance, third, was taken, the patient.
4.
Became, all, of, nauseated, the members, the family.
5.
Were, two, to, some, patients, bed, and put, medicine, given.
Sunstroke
It is
very dangerous to fall asleep in the open air when the sun is hot or to be in
the hot sun for a long time without a hat .You may get sunstroke.
When a
person has sunstroke, he has a high temperature. His skin is very hot, dry and
red. He has a bad headache and can even lose consciousness.
If you
help a person who has sunstroke:
1.
Take the patient into a cool and shady (тенистое)
place.
2. Put
him on his back.
3.
Raise his head and shoulders a little.
4. Put
cold cloth on his head.
5.
Cool his body with cold water.
6. Rub
his skin with a sponge to keep up blood circulation.
Read
and remember:
Rules
to follow on the beach
While
on the beach, avoid being exposed to the open sun for more than half an hour.
1.
Wear a hat or a cap to avoid sunstroke.
2.
Avoid swimming in deep water if you are not a good swimmer.
3.
Keep an eye on your kids while on the beach.
4. Try
not to take much money or wear jewelry to the beach.
5.
Avoid swimming in the stormy sea.
6.
Avoid touching the unknown sea plants and fish while swimming
Make
up the sentences:
1.
is/the skin/hot/very.
2.
bad/a/he/has/headache.
3.
dangerous/it/very/to fall asleep/is/air/open/in the.
4.
temperature/has/a/high/he.
5.
put/back/on/his/him.
6.
body/water/cool/cold/his/with.
7.
skin/with/sponge/rub/his/a.
8.
even/he/lose/can/consciousness.
Fracture
The
word fracture means a break in a bone. There are two kinds of fracture: closed
and open.
In a
closed fracture there is no wound on the skin. In an open fracture there is a
wound. The open fracture is more serious.
If a
person breaks his arm or leg he complains of pain in the place of the break.
The pain becomes more severe if he presses the place or tries to move.
Swelling appears quickly Do not let the
person move. Use a splint for the broken limb. Bind the splints to the limb but
not at the place of the fracture. Call an ambulance immediately. Doctors use X-ray to see
the break and put plaster cast on the broken limbs. Plaster cast is a special
bandage. It will keep the bone in place for 1 or 2 months.
Answer the questions:
1. What does the word “fracture” mean?
2. What kinds of fractures do you know?
3. What fracture is more serious?
4. When does the pain become more severe?
5. How can you help the person with fracture?
6. What do the doctors do with fractures?
7. What is plaster cast?
Complete the sentences
with the words: ankle, hospital, leg,
friend, ambulance, foot, surgeon.
1. A man slipped and injured his … .
2. The
man’s… called an … .
3. His … and
… were swollen.
4. The …
anaesthetized the injured area.
5. He was discharged from the …
Bleeding
When the blood flows from an artery it is scarlet. When the blood
flows from a vein it is dark red. Stop the bleeding as soon as possible. The
simple method is to put clean cloth over the wound and bandage it tightly. If
the bleeding is from an arm or leg raise the limb. If а person has nosebleed after a bad bruise
you must put a cold compress on the nose. The person must breathe through his
mouth. In severe cases doctors make blood transfusions.
Answer
the questions:
1.
What blood flows from an artery and a vein?
2.
What must you do to stop the bleeding?
3.
What should you do if a person has the nosebleed, the bleeding from the limbs?
4. When do the doctors make blood
transfusions?
Match the parts of the
sentences and write down the text:
|
1.Many people
|
a/ the
bleeding as soon as possible.
|
|
2.They may
|
b/ you
should raise the limbs.
|
|
3.You
should know that when the blood
flows from the artery
|
c/ get
into different accidents.
|
|
4.When
the blood flows from the vein
|
d/ put
clean cloth over the wound and bandage it tightly.
|
|
5.You should stop
|
e/ it is scarlet.
|
|
6.The
simple method is to
|
f/ you
should put a cold compress on it.
|
|
7.If
the bleeding is from an arm or leg
|
g/ make blood transfusions.
|
|
8.If
a person has nosebleed
|
h/ have
bleeding and need the first aid.
|
|
9.In severe cases doctors
|
i/ it
is dark red
|
Dialogue
Student1: Sorry. May I come in?
Teacher: Yes, you may. Why are you late today?
Student 1: I fell down and suddenly I felt a
severe pain in my arm.
Student 2: Let me help you. I’ll
accompany you to your place. 15
Teacher: Does your arm hurt you?
Student1: Yes it does. It hurts me very much.
Student 3: Let’s look, what an injury
it is: a fracture or a bruise.
Student 4: What is it a bruise or a fracture?
Student 3: I think it is a fracture. It is not
like a bruise.
Student 5: What kind of fracture is it: an open
or a closed one?
Student 3: It is an open fracture. I see a
wound on the skin of her arm.
Student 6: May be we’ll
give first aid ourselves .We are future nurses. Not so long ago
we had a surgical practice.
Student 3: But I suggest calling our paramedic.
It will be safer.
Student 7: I’ll look for her. I haven’t
found her. She is out.
Teacher: In such case we must call an ambulance.
Student 2: Is it an Emergency Department?
Ambulance person: Yes, it is. The
Emergency Department is hearing. What is your problem?
Student 2: We have an injured person, a student
of our group.
Ambulance person: What is patient’s name?
Student 2: Her name is Galina Sokolova.
Ambulance person: How old is she?
Student 2: She is 17 years old.
Ambulance person: What is your address?
Student 2: Оur
address is Lenina Street, Nadym Professional College.
Ambulance person: Wait, we’ll
come soon.
Doctor: Where is the patient? Let me look, please. It is a fracture.
Prepare a splint and a bandage. I’ll put a splint. Give an
injection of local anesthesia.
Nurse:
Galina, we will transport you to the hospital. You should consult a surgeon.
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