Грамматический материал по теме "Способы выражения действий в будущем"

Ways of expressing future actions

We use  the present continuous when

1) we talk about arrangements (personal arrangements)

✔ What are you doing this evening?

✔Alex is getting married next month.

2) for an action just before you do it (especially with the verbs of movement)

✔ I'm tired. I'm going to bed now. Goodnight.

✔ "Jess, are you ready yet?" "Yes, I'm coming"

We use present simple when

1) we talk about timetables, programmes etc. (for public transport, cinemas...)

✔ My train leaves at 11.30, so I need to be at the station by 11.15.

✔ What time does the film start in the evening?

✔ It's Wednesday tomorrow./ Tomorrow is Wednesday.

2)  we talk about people if their plans are fixed like a timetable

✔ I start my new job on Monday.

✔ What time do you finish your work tomorrow?

We say "I'm going to do something" when

1) we've decided to do it (but perhaps not arranged to do it)

ü "Your shoes are dirty." "Yes, I know. I'm going to clean them." (= I've decided to clean them, but I haven't arranged to clean them.)

2) something is going to happen. The situation now makes this clear.

Will/shall  and Future Simple (will + V₁)

We use I'll (=I will) when we have just decided to do smth. We say "I'll do smth" to announce our decision:

ü Oh, I've left the door open. I'll go and shut it.

ü 'What would you like to drink?' ‘I'll have an orange juice, please.'

We often use I think I'll ... and I don't think I'll ... :

ü I feel a bit hungry. I think I'll have something to eat.

ü I don't think I’ll go out tonight. I'm too tired.

We often use will in these situations:

1) Offering to do something

ü That bag looks heavy. I'll help you with it. (not I help)

2) Agreeing to do something

A : Can you give Tim this book?

B: Sure, I'll give it to him when I see him this afternoon.

3) Promising to do something

ü Thanks for lending me the money. I'll pay you back on Friday.

ü I won't tell anyone what happened. I promise.

4 ) Asking somebody to do something (Will you ... ?)

ü Will you please turn the music down? I'm trying to concentrate.

We use will/won't when we predict a future happening (or situation). We say what we know or believe will happen.

ü Kate will pass the exam easily! (We are predicting the future. We are saying what we know or believe will happen.)

ü ‘Where will you be this time next year?’ I'll be in Japan.' (I think so.)

We often use will (I'll) with:

probably (I'm) sure (I) think (I) don't think I wonder

I'll probably be home late tonight. Don't worry about the exam. I'm sure you'll pass. Do you think Sarah will like the present we bought her? I don't think the exam will be very difficult. I wonder what will happen.

The difference between will and (be) going to:

Will be doing (Future Continuous) and will have done (Future Perfect)

It is necessary to use future continuous if we talk about something that will be in progress at the definite time in the future.

1.    This time next week I'll be on holiday. I'll be lying on the beach or swimming in the sea.

2.    Don't phone between 7 and 8. We'll be having dinner.

3.    At 10 o'clock tomorrow, she will be in her office. She will be working.

We use future perfect (will + have +V₃) to say that something will already be complete before a time in the future.

1.    We're late. The film will already have started by the time we get to the cinema.

2.    Next year they will have been married for 25 years.