Windows 7
Windows 7 - the operating system of the Microsoft
Windows NT family, designed to work on computers with 32-bit and 64-bit
processors, follows the exit time for Windows Vista and the predecessor of
Windows 8.
Release date and popularity
The operating system went on sale on October 22, 2009
[2] - less than three years after the release of the previous Windows Vista
operating system. For partners and customers with Volume Licensing licenses,
access to RTM was granted on July 24, 2009. On the Internet, the original
installation images of the final version of the system were available from July
21, 2009.
From July 2011 until March 2017, Windows 7 held the
leading position in terms of the number of users in the world. As of May 2018,
the share of Windows 7 is 23.4% among the operating systems used in the world
for accessing the Internet and ranks second in the world in popularity after
Windows 10
Version number
The Windows NT product line has a version number of
6.1 (Windows 2000 - 5.0, Windows XP - 5.1, Windows Server 2003 - 5.2, Windows
Vista and Windows Server 2008 - 6.0).
The server operating system of the same family is
Windows Server 2008 R2, an integrated operating system of this family
(lightweight version embedded in devices) - Windows Embedded Standard 2011
(Québec) [4], mobile - Windows Embedded Compact 2011 (Chelan, Windows CE
Key Features
This operating system supports Unicode. Instant search
bar now recognizes more languages.
This OS supports multi-touch control .
All versions of the OS include 50 new fonts. The
existing fonts are refined to correctly display all the characters. Windows 7
is the first version of Windows, which includes more fonts for displaying
non-Latin characters than for displaying Latin characters. The font control panel
has also been improved - by default it displays only those fonts for which the
layout is installed in the system.
Windows 7 supports aliases for internal folders. For
example, the Program Files folder in some localized versions of Windows was
translated and displayed with the translated name, but remained in English at
the file system level. In addition, the system (except for the version of
Windows 7 Starter and Windows 7 Home Basic) contains about 120 background
images that are unique to each country and language version. So, the “Russia”
theme is included in the Russian version with six unique high-resolution
wallpapers.
An additional advantage of Windows 7 can be considered
a closer integration with the manufacturer of drivers. Most drivers are detected
automatically, and 90% of the time are backward compatible with drivers for
Windows Vista.
Windows 7 also improves compatibility with older
applications, some of which cannot be started in Windows Vista. Especially it
concerns old games developed under Windows XP. Also in Windows 7, Windows XP
Mode appeared, which allows you to run old applications on a Windows XP virtual
machine, which provides almost full support for old applications.
The new, 11th version of DirectX, first released as
part of this OS, has the following improvements: added support for new compute
shaders, multi-threaded rendering, improved tessellation, new texture
compression algorithms, etc.
Security
In Windows 7, a more flexible User Account Control
(UAC) setting is implemented, which, unlike Windows Vista, has two more
intermediate states - “Notify only when programs attempt to make changes to the
computer” (default position), “Notify only when programs try to make changes to
the computer (do not darken the desktop). "
Changes have been made to the BitLocker encryption
technology and the BitLocker to go removable media encryption function has been
added, which allows to encrypt removable media, even if there is no TPM module.
Added the ability to protect data on USB-drives using
Enhanced Storage [10].
Improvements also touched on Windows Firewall: the
function of notifying the user about the program blocking, which tries to
access the network, returned.
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