1. MOSCOW
1. What can people see in the
capital of Russia?
2. What souvenirs may tourists
buy in Moscow?
3. What famous people live/lived
and work/worked in Moscow?.
4. Have you ever been to Moscow?
5. Which is you favourite place
in Moscow? Why?/ Which place in Moscow would you like to visit? Why?
1. Moscow is the heart of Russia, its capital. There is a lot to see in Moscow. But first of all ( в первую очередь, сначала) you
should visit Red Square and watch the most ancient monument of Red
Square St. Basil’s Cathedral. St. Basil’s Cathedral is a real masterpiece (шедевр, лучший образец) of ancient Russian architecture. Nobody is indifferent
to its nine beautifully painted cupolas. In Red Square you can also see
the monument to Minin and Pozharsky, Lobnoye Mesto (the tsar’s orders were read
from it), the Spasskaya Tower, the Lenin Mausoleum, the State History
Museum and the State Department Store. Other places worth visiting and
watching in Moscow are the Kremlin, the Cathedral of Christ [krist] the Savior
(Храм Христа Спасителя) - one of the biggest cathedrals
in Europe, the State Tretyakov Gallery, the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, the
Bolshoi Theatre and a lot of monuments to famous people who lived and worked in
Moscow.
2. These
people are poets Pushkin and Mayakovskiy, composers Rukchmaninov and
Tchaikovsky, scientists Lomonosov and Mendeleyev, the first cosmonaut Gagarin
and others.
3.
A lot of tourists visit Moscow and they usually buy such traditional Russian
souvenirs as Matryoshka dolls, beautifully painted mugs (кружки),
Khokhloma plates and spoons, Palekh boxes. Those who have more money buy amber
(янтарь) and art books. Some tourists are interested in
badges (значки), T-shirts and Russian ushanka-hats.
4. (Yes, I have. It was last
summer. ) I have been to Moscow once/twice/several times. I saw most of the
sights, like Red Square and the Kremlin, old cathedrals and the State
Kremlin Palace. I relaxed at cafes and I even went on a riverboat tour at
night. It was fantastic. // Unfortunately, I have never been to Moscow. Visiting Moscow is my dream.
5.My favourite place in Moscow
is the Kremlin because it is very impressive (впечатляющий).
On the territory of the Kremlin you can see old cathedrals, the Bell Tower of
Ivan the Great, the State Kremlin Palace, the Tsar Cannon and the Tsar Bell,
the biggest cannon and bell in the world. The Kremlin centre looks truly
magnificent (великолепный) today. // Being in Moscow,
I would like to visit the Kremlin because … .
2. THE ENGLISH
LANGUAGE
1. Why do you learn English?
2. What do you feel about
learning English grammar and words?
3. Are there any problems for
learners of English?
4. What advice would you give to
people who are just beginning to learn English?
5. Would you like to learn
English abroad? Why?
1. The English
language is the international language. It is seen as a way of crossing the
barriers created by different cultures, religions and native languages. A lot
of people learn it to have a successful career. As for me, I learn English
because it expands (расширяет) my horizons and prepares me
for a successful career. Besides, English attracts me because it’s the language
of business and computers. English is also very useful when you travel abroad.
More than that, it’s a good exercise for the intellect, though, of course, it’s
a tricky (сложный, запутанный)
language to learn because there seems to be more exceptions than rules. I think
that English will be more widely spoken in the future. That’s why I learn
English.
2. I learn English at
school 5 times a week. We read a lot of different texts in English, speak on
different topics in English, listen to CDs and watch videos. Of course, we
learn grammar and words, too. I think we will not know English well if we don’t
know its grammar. I understand that grammar is very important, that is why we
have a lot of drills in grammar and I try my best. We practice grammar together
with vocabulary. We retell a lot of texts and thus we learn a lot of words.
Also I remember words better if they are related to my interests.
3. One of the
problems for learners of English and me is phrasal verbs and idioms. They are
very difficult. English intonation is hard too. It is important to learn both
formal and informal English to be polite. Learning social English is very
useful.
4. If someone is just
beginning to learn English, I would advise them to read as much as possible. Reading
is very helpful. You may read books, newspapers, magazines. If there are words
which you don’t know it is good to guess their meaning from the context. A nice
idea is to look words up in the dictionary and make a note of them. Listening
to pop music and the radio, watching videos and educational TV programmes in
English can be useful too.
5. If I had a chance
I would like to learn English abroad because there you can speak English from
morning till night with native speakers. And as a result you can improve your
English greatly, especially your vocabulary and social English. They say that
after spending a year abroad you begin to speak English fluently.
3. YOUR FAMILY
1. How big is your family?
2. What are your relatives like
and what do they look like?
3. Are there any traditions in
your family?
4. What are the qualities that
make a good parent?
5. What is an ideal family as you
see it?
1. My family is very
small. I’ve got a mum and a dad, but I haven’t got any brothers or sisters.
I’m an only child, but I have lots of cousins. // (There are four people
in my family: my father, my mother, my brother (sister) and me.)
2. My mother is a
…………………………… . Her name is …………………………………. . She is tall (short/of medium height)
and slim (thin). My mother‘s got short (long) curly (wavy/straight) dark
(blonde/red/grey) hair and blue (green/grey/brown) eyes. She is very kind and
friendly.
My father is a
……………………………….. . His name is ………………………………….. . He is tall ( short/of medium
height) and slim (thin). My father’s got short (long) curly (wavy/straight)
dark (blond/red/grey) hair and blue (green/grey/brown) eyes. He is clever and
handsome.
My younger (elder)
sister (brother) is … …. years old. He (she) is (not)a pupil. His (her) name is
……….. . My sister (brother) is tall (short/of medium height) and slim
(thin/plump). He (she)’s got short (long) curly (wavy/straight/) dark
(blond(e)/red) hair and blue (green/grey/brown) eyes. He (she) likes to play
active games. My brother (sister) is never tired and is seldom quiet. He (she )
got a very rich imagination.
(He/She likes to read/watch
TV/play chess a lot. But sometimes he/she is lazy)
The oldest member of
our family is our granny. You can hardly believe it but she is about 80/90. Her
name is ……………………….. . She is ……………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
She’s got funny wrinkles on her
face and round glasses.
Our granny is very interested in
life and she is fond of gardening.
All the members of
our family are hospitable. Our friends often come to see us and we all have
wonderful parties.
3. There are some
traditions in my family: we spend all holidays together, at weekends we like to
go to the country, and in summer we always travel to the south. In the evening
we get together in our kitchen and discuss the last day.
4. I think a good
parent should be loving (любящий), caring (заботливый),
patient (терпеливый), having a good sense of humour and
reasonably strict.
5. I think an ideal
family is a family where they respect each other, where you have comfort and
protection.
4. READING
1. What do people usually read?
2. What types of books do they
read?
3. Who is your favourite writer?
Which is your favoutrite book of this writer?
4. What books would you like to
read on your holidays? Why?
5. What do you like to read
during your trip to somewhere? Why?
1. Nowadays
people usually read newspapers, magazines and books. I am sure that reading
plays an important role in our lives, because it forms our moral values, helps
us to learn how to express our thoughts and feelings more exactly. I think
reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body.
2. People read
different kinds of books: fiction (художественная литература), non-fiction (документальная литература), science fiction (научная фантастика),
drama, poetry. Fiction books are novels, short stories (detective stories,
adventure stories, fantasy[s] stories, humorous stories, spy stories),
thrillers. Non-fiction books are popular science (популярная научная литература), biographies, autobiographies, documentaries,
diaries, memoirs[‘memwa:z] (мемуары). Science fiction
books are space adventures, aliens, monsters, timetravel. Poetry consists of
verses, rhymes, odes. Folk tales, fairy tales, myths and ballads are folklore.
These books appeal to different readers.
3. My favourite writer
is ………………………………..I like this writer because he possesses such qualities as an
ability to portray life very truthfully, an ability to describe nature
(wildlife) with love and understanding, an ability to make people laugh or cry,
an ability to depict characters so vividly(ярко) that
people immediately recognize themselves, an ability to amuse(забавлять,
развлекать) the reader, an ability to arouse a feeling of
admiration. My favourite books of this writer are ……………………………………………………………….. .
4.On my holidays I
would like to read books according to my school program because holidays are
the best time for this.
5. During my trip to
somewhere I like to read short stories, such as love stories, detective stories
or articles from magazines and newspapers.
5. PEOPLE’S
HOBBIES
1. What kinds of activities do
people usually have?
2. How do you feel about these
activities?
3. Why should we have hobbies?
4. Which is the most popular
pastime with your classmates?
5. Is there any kind of hobby you
would like to have, but you can’t? Why?
1.
A hobby is a favourite pastime of a person. Hobbies differ like tastes. They
can be divided into four groups: doing things, making things, collecting things
and learning things. Doing things includes gardening, traveling, playing chess
and other games. Making things includes drawings, painting, making sculptures,
designing costumes and handcrafts. Almost everyone collects something at some
period in his life: stamps, coins, matchboxes, books, records, toys, watches.
Learning things can be the most exciting (увлекательный) hobby. It
includes learning to play some musical instrument, learning some foreign
language, reading.
2. As for me
my hobby is reading/sport/… . I find it interesting and useful. I
have been interested in … for … years. I spend all my free time reading/
visiting a gym/ …
3. I am
sure we should have hobbies because they help us to relax and be in good mood.
A hobby is a perfect way not to feel bored. Besides, hobbies are often
educational as people enjoy learning new things. For example, stamp collecting
can tell you lots of different things about the theme of your collection. What
is more, having a hobby is a good chance to find like-minded (имеющий аналогичную точку зрения) friends.
4. The most popular
pastime with my classmates is …
5. I would like to
have travelling as a hobby but I can’t afford (позволить)
it because it costs a lot of money.
6. OLYMPIC GAMES
1. Where and when did the last
Olympic Games take place? What sports were included into the Games?
2. Russian athletes who took part
and the records set during the Games?
3. What was the central event and the central figure of the
Games?
4. What can you say about the
role of the Olympics in modern life?
5. Is there any difference
between the modern Olympic Games and the original Olympic Games?
1. The Olympic
Games are an international sports festival. The last Olympic Games took place
in Canada in 2010. These Games were winter Olympic Games. They were held in … .
Athletes from … countries competed in … sports: figure skating, hockey,
biathlon, cross country skiing, ski-jumping and some others. The team of
Canadian sportsmen took the first place. Russia took the eleventh place. It
was the worst result of our team since its participation in the Olympics.
Russian team won 3 gold medals, 5 silver medals and 11 bronze medals.
2. I watched
these Games on TV. Figure skating competitions were the most exciting and
unforgettable event for me. I was glad and proud that our country-woman Oksana
Domnina won the bronze medal in figure skating. Other Russian winners of the
Olympics are Nikita Krukov, a skier, Yevgeni Ustugov, a biathlonist, and a
women team in biathlon.
3. I think the
central event of the game was the opening of the Games. It was a very
spectacular ceremony. Especially I liked the lightning of the Olympic flame. It
was brought from Greece to the capital of the Games by relay (эстафета).
As for the central figure of the games it is very difficult to distinguish only
one person. I think all winners of the Olympic games became central figures of
the Games.
4.
In modern life the Olympic Games bring people and countries together. Any
national conflict must be stopped and replaced with friendly competitions. Not
only athletes wait for the Olympics, all sports fans are impatient too. When
the Games begin, television broadcasts the events to millions of people. Unification
of all people is the noble idea of the modern Olympic movement.
5. The main
difference between the ancient and modern Olympics is that the ancient Olympic
Games were a way of saluting the gods, whereas/while the modern Games are a
manner of saluting the athletic talents of people. The original Olympics
included competitions in music, oratory [`orэtэri] and theatre performances. The modern Games haven’t got
them. The modern Olympic Games represent only different kinds of sport. In the
ancient Olympics only one athletic event was held – a footrace, and only men
were allowed to compete and watch the games. In modern Olympic Games both men
and women take part and watch them alive or on TV. In ancient Olympics only
summer games took place. In modern Olympics both summer and winter Olympics are
held.
7. SPORT and GAMES
in YOUR LIFE
1. What sports and games
are popular in your city/town/country?
2. Why do/don’t you go in for
this or that sport?
3. What are your school PE
lessons like?
4. Have you ever watched
competitions at the stadium? What were your impressions?
5. What sports or games can you
call the most useful for health? Why?
1. I live in a
small provincial town of Kirovo-Chepetsk. My town is young but it is famous for
its sports results all over the world. The fact is that Kirovo-Chepetsk is a
birthplace of some Olympic, world and European champions. They are
hockey-players Maltsev, Myshkin, Trefilov, swimmers Yana Shamarova, Masha
Rodygina, a wrestler [`reslэ] (борец)
… others. All seasons are well distinguished (проявляются) in our town so different sports are popular in it.
The most popular are skiing, speed skating, hockey, biathlon, swimming, boxing,
wrestling and rhythmic gymnastics.
- -I love many sports, but my
favourite sport is skating. I like this sport because I love winter and
frosty weather. I first skated when I was four. My parents taught me to
skate. We used to go to the skating rink twice a week, on Saturdays and
Sundays. They helped me and explained what to do: how to fall, to stand
after falling and to push away (отталкиваться). I
tried my best. It took me some days and soon I began to skate on my own.
It was great! Now I can skate rather well and go to the skating rink with
my friends. Sometimes my classmates and I go to Olymp Arena and spend an
hour there. Skating helps me to stay in good shape, to keep fit and to be
healthy. Besides, it helps me to work off my extra energy. The equipment
you need for skating is very simple – skates and clothes. The clothes are
very important. They should be light and warm. Mittens or gloves are
necessary, too. I love skating because it is a very good exercise for the
whole body. I would recommend it because it is so convenient to do: you
can skate when you like and for as long as you like.
-I enjoy many sports, but best of all I love swimming. I like this
sport because I love the water very much. I started to learn swimming when I
was about seven years old. At first I learned to float in the water. A swimming
board helped me. Then they taught me to jump into the water from the border of a pool. After that I learnt some basic
swimming strokes (стили плавания) like breast-stroke (брас),
back-stroke (плавание на спине), butterfly-stroke (баттерфляй)
and crawl (кроль). I used to go swimming twice a week.
Now I have less free time, but I visit a swimming pool at least once a week.
Swimming helps me to stay in good shape, to keep fit and to be healthy.
Besides, it helps me to work off my extra energy. Swimming is an inexpensive
and simple sport. You do not need any complicated equipment. You just need a
swimming costume or trunks and a cap. I love swimming because it is a very good
exercise for the whole body. I would recommend it because it is so convenient
to do: you can swim when you like and for as long as you like.
3. We have
three PE lessons a week. There we run, jump, play basketball, volleyball. In
winter we ski. I like these lessons very much. // I don’t like these lessons
because am not good at sport.
4. I have watched competitions at the stadium. It was
great! Watching competition at the stadium is so exciting! I was pleased and cheered
the sportsmen. We cried ‘Hurrey!’, ‘Cheerly!’ (Давай-давай! Вперед!) and applauded.
5. I think the
most useful for health is swimming because swimming is a very good exercise for
the whole body.
8. ARTS
1.
What kinds of arts do you know?
2.
Which is your favourite art?
3.
What can you say about your last visit to the theatre, cinema, museum or
concert?
4.
Where do you go if you want to enjoy arts?
5.
Can you do anything in the way of arts yourself? What can you do? / What art
would you like to be really
good at?
1.There are different arts: literature, dancing,
music, paintings and drawings, sculpture, architecture, theatre, cinema.
2.My favourite art is music. We can hear music
everywhere: in the streets and at home, over the radio and on TV, in the shops
and in the parks. People listen to music, they dance to music, sing songs, they
learn to play musical instruments. There are different kinds of music: folk
music, classical music, jazz, pop music, dance music, blues, rock, chamber
music, background music, spiritual music.
My
favourite style of music is pop music because it is full of energy. It helps me
to forget the problem of everyday life. It also helps me to relax when I’m
tired.
I
wouldn’t mind listening to dance music. It makes me more energetic.
I
enjoy listening to classical music too. I find it tuneful (мелодичный,
гармоничный) and appealing (притягательный).
Classical music gives me pleasure and a sense of happiness. Some pieces of
classical music are really wonderful. My favourite composers are Tchaikovsky,
Rakhmaninov and Sviridov.
3.
My last visit to the theatre was last moth. My friends and I (family) went to
the Drama Theatre top see the ballet “Sleeping Beauty”. We took the bus, as the
Drama Theatre is in the centre of Kirov. It took us an hour to get there. When
we arrived at the theatre, we could see many people in the hall. Some of them
had programmes in their hands. My mother (friend) bought one for us. Then
she/he led the way to our seats. They were not expensive but we could see the
stage very well. Then the lights went down and the curtain rose. We could see a
beautiful palace on the stage and we could hear beautiful music. The scenery
was fantastic. I like the ballet very much. The leading dancer was so good,
that when the performance was over there was a storm of applause. We enjoyed
the performance greatly.
4.
If I want to enjoy art, I go to some museum, art gallery, theatre, concert hall
or cinema.
5.
I can paint and play the piano, I am fond of dancing. // I would like to be
really good at painting/playing the piano/sining. That’s why I go to art
school/musical school/chorus.
9. YOUR SCHOOL
1.
What are the place, building and rooms of your school like?
2.
What subjects do you study? Which of them do you like/dislike and why?
3. What are the teachers and
your classmates like?
4.
What is your typical school day like?
5.
What makes you like or dislike your school?
1.I am a pupil of Gymnasium number 2. It is situated
not far from my block of flats. The gymnasium occupies a three-storey
building. In front of the building there is a platform, two large flower-beds
and a ground for the ceremonial welcome on the First of September. On the other
side of the building there is a basketball play ground. On the territory of our
gymnasium there is a lot of green.
The
gymnasium is well-equipped. It has lots of classrooms with modern facilities,
including computers and smart-boards. The gymnasium also has two computer
classes where we study Information Technology, an assembly hall, a library, two
gyms and a canteen.
2.
At school I study different subjects. They are Russian. Literature, History,
Geography, Maths, English, PE, and others. My favourite ones are … I like these
subjects because I am good at them. I am not very good at exact sciences.
That’s why I don’t like maths and physics. I don’t like chemistry either. //I
am not interested in History, Biology and Literature. That’s why I don’t like
these subjects.
3.
Our teachers are friendly and well-qualified although they are sometimes very
strict. My classmates are nice and friendly pupils. They are all different.
4.
My typical school day begins at 7 o’clock when I usually get up. In the morning
I don’t do exercises but I take a shower, wash my hands and face. Then I dress,
have breakfast and go to school. At school I have 6 or 7 lessons. During the
break I have lunch. My school is over at about 2 o’clock and I go home. At home
I have dinner, relax listening to music or watching TV and do my homework. In
the evening I have supper with my family. I go to bed at 10 o’clock in the evening.
5.
I like my school because it gives its pupils profound knowledge in Russian,
English and other academic (академический, учебный теоретический) subjects. I enjoy studying in my gymnasium, yet
there are some things I would like to change. First, our canteen is rather
small and there are always large queues during the breaks. I would like to
introduce(внедрять, помещать) a large coffee bar for students with lots of coffee
machines where we could easily have a cup of coffee or tea with a sandwich during
all the breaks. Another thing would be a music studio where we could play and
record music. We don’t have a uniform in our gymnasium because many pupils are
against it. But I think it’s important to have a special uniform in the
gymnasium because it will make us feel different from the pupils of other
schools.
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