Упражнения на отработку грамматических навыков по теме "словообразование"

                                                       Суффиксы

образующие существительное ( noun )	образующие прилагательное(adjective)	образующие  наречие ( adverb )	образующие глагол ( verb )
·         Обозначающие производителя, профессию, орудие действия er – farmer ant – assistant ent - president ·         Отвлеченное значение ism– socialism ness – backwardness ment – development ion – education ship –leadership ance –assistance ence –independence (i)ty–activity ure –pressure dom – freedom hood – childhood th -   width, length	·         Указывающие на наличие соответствующих качеств, свойств able –considerable ible – sensible ant – pleasant ent – different ive – active al – national ful –peaceful en –wooden, woolen ic – heroic ous – humous Отсутствие свойств, качеств less - homeless Указывающие на принадлежность к нации ish – British an – Russian ese -Japanese	ly – correctly	ate – decorate ize – organize ( i ) fy – purify en - broaden

 

                                             Префиксы

с отрицательным значением	со значением ошибочности	со значением сообщности	со значением повторности действия
un – unimportance in – independent im – impossible ir – irregular il - illegal	mis – mistake under –underestimate over- overestimate	co - cooperate	re – rewrite

Task 1.

Anti-     antibiosis, antibody,  antichrist, anticlimax,  antidote, antifascist, antifreeze, antihero

Under-  underground, underfeed,  underdeveloped, underhand,  underpay, underwear

Over-  overwork,  overwinter,  overview, overtime, overtake, overstock,  overspend

Inter-  interatomic, interlibrarian, interference, interfere

Task 2. Add the correct prefixes  to the beginning  of the words   ( inter-,     anti-,   semi-,   over-,   co-,   re-,   over-,   ex-,   mono-,  super-,  under- ,  non-  trans- )

1. John …..slept and was late to the lesson.
2. Many people  who wanted  tickets  were disappointed  because the  organizers  had …….estimated  the singer’s popularity
3. He is taking a …..atlantic  flight  from London to  New York.
4. When the ambulance came  the man was  …..conscious  after being knocked down by thee car
5. The ….president  of the USA  was honoured  at the ceremony
6. People who  can only  speak their own  language  are called  …..lingual
7. Superman  is a comic character  who has  ….human strength
8. There were  violent  scenes  as ….government  and …….government demonstrations
9. ….racial fighting
10. ….racial fighting between  the two minorities  had led  to the large  amount  of work
11. The two countries  …operated  to prevent  the shipment  of drugs  from one  to the other
12. That child looks very thin . I think  he must  be …..fed
13. Don’t ….feed the dog  or it ‘ll get fat
14. The media  gave  her so much  attention  she became a ….star overnight

 

 

 

 

 

 

                                                    

disproportionableness              incomprehensibilities

 

 

 

 

    Forming Nouns

1. Study the list of nouns formed from the verbs. Say what suffixes can be used for that :

Verb accept acquaint act advise appear applaud arrive behave begin believe bore exclaim choose clean clear collect compare complain laugh move occupy perform practise invite punish think translate grow

Noun acceptance acquaintance action advice appearance applause arrival behaviour beginning belief boredom exclamation choice cleanliness clearance collection comparison complaint laughter movement occupation performance practice invitation punishment thought translation growth

Verb compose congratulate correct decide defend depend describe destroy discover enter divide explain explore fly imagine inform invent know lose obey organize please prepare introduce repeat serve publish hate

Noun composition congratulation correction decision defence dependence description destruction discovery entrance division explanation exploration flight imagination information invention knowledge loss obedience organization pleasure preparation introduction repetition service publication hatred

Exercise 1.   Verb = -ance = Noun

perform – performance	acquaint - acquaintance
enter – entrance	clear - clearance
appear – appearance	allow – allowance

Translate :

A wonderful circus performance , the entrance to the museum , a very old acquaintance, an unusual appearance

Put the nouns formed from the verb in brackets;

1. The ………to the theatre was crowded with people. ( to enter )
2. The ……….of the two teams was greeted by the fans very warmly. ( to appear )
3. My ……..with him has lasted long. ( to acquaint )
4. This lively musical ………..will be held on Saturday ( to perform )

Exercise 2. A word which consists of two smaller words joined together is called a compound word

Translate:

peacemaker schoolmate homeland seaside postman

birthday raincoat cameraman armchair bookcase

newspaper bedtime fisherman playground motherland

Say which of these compound words indicate the meaning below  :

Workshop, milkman, watchmaker, tablecloth, shopkeeper, headlines, bookshelf, crossroads

1. a shop in which some kind of work is done
2. a man who sells milk
3. one who makes watches
4. one who keeps a shop
5. the place where roads cross
6. the lines at the head of a newspaper
7. a cloth which covers a table
8. a shelf on which books are kept

Exercise 3. Noun ( Verb )  +  -ist  =  Noun

The suffix  -ist  gives the meaning of one who follows a certain profession :

Art – artist                           type – typist                        novel – novelist                   journal – journalist                           piano – pianist                         science - scientist  

Use these professions in the following :

1.       Kate studied art in a special art school . She is now a famous ……

2.       Mary is an excellent secretary. She types almost 250 letters a minute. She is the best ……….in the office.

3.       Jane wants to be a musician.  She has taken piano lessons for many years and she has talent , so we are sure she will be a fine ………………..

4.       Our family friend works for a newspaper. He is a …………..

Exercise 4. The suffix  -ward(s) forms adverbs.

forwards                                  towards

backwards                                northwards

1. The hunter ran forward towards the tiger he had shot.
2. The sportsman stepped forward  and shot his arrow right into the center of the target.
3. The man was driving his car northwards towards the new town.
4. Columbus sailed  towards the west. He sailed westwards for many days.
5. The windows look towards the sea.

Exercise  5.  Form nouns :

1. The room echoed with the ……..of children  ( laugh )
2. The ……..soon became well-known all over the world  ( discover )
3. The work of the hospital fills us with ………. ( admire )
4. The hot ………lasted two hours  ( argue )
5. The children’s ……..at the concert was excellent    ( behave )
6. The ……….of the two tears was greeted by loud cheerings  ( appear )

Exercise 6.  complete each phase by using the noun  formed from the verb in brackets :

a clear …….. ( explain ) stormy ……. ( applaud ) an exact …….. ( compare ) terrible …….( bore ) necessary ……… ( practise )

a wonderful ……. ( fly ) an important ……. ( discover )  a fair  …. ( decide ) wise ……( think ) strange …… ( behave )

Exercise 7.   Form nouns from these verbs :

perform                                             divide                                             invite

explore                                              prove                                             invent

act                                                    grow                                              arrive

move                                                 hate                                               complain

Exercise 8.    here is a list of verbs which can form nouns with the suffix  -(a)tion :

Eg.  to collect – collection

to translate -                          to invite -                         to dictate –

to celebrate –                        to add -                            to subtract -

to educate –                          to protect -                       to co-operate –

to compose –                        to admire -                        to examine -

to observe -                          to decorate -                     to devote –

Exercise 9. Read and remember

………ment                                           ……..sion

to move - movement                               to impress - impression                             

to excite – excitement                             to discuss - discussion

to develop – development                       to depress - depression

to agree – agreement                               to televise - television

to punish – punishment                            to divide – division

Exercise 10. Fill in :

Membership,   authorship ,  ownership,  companionship,  fellowship,  partnership,   friendship,   workmanship,  seamanship

Eg.   They have been friends for a long time.  Their friendship began in childhood.

1.       I am not sure how many people belong to this club. I think the …….must be about two hundred.

2.       The police found the stolen car , but they do not know who it belongs to.  They have not yet found out …..

3.       That’s a beautiful and well-made boat. The man who built it must take pride in his ………..

4.       The captain of the ship always says that his sailors must perform their duties well.  He demands good ……

5.       Both Mr. Jones and Mr. White have been in the same business for many years . Their …..began almost thirty years ago.

6.       Bill has joined many organizations. He enjoys participating in the different activities, and he also likes to be with people who have the same interests. He enjoys their …….

Exercise 11.

Artist,  chemist,  novelist,  biologist,  economist,  typist,   dramatist,   pianist,   scientist,   geologist,  journalist,  specialist

1. Elizabeth makes a very good impression as she plays the piano . She is an excellent …….
2. Both Richard and Robert want to be writes when they finish their university studies. Richard wants to write dramas for the theatre , and Robert wants to write fiction stories. Richard hopes to be a ………., Robert wants to be a ………
3. I like all scientific studies , especially biology and chemistry. I know I will be a …..of some kind,  but I do not know yet whether I want to be a ……………..or  a …………….
4. Tom studies economics at school, he will work as an ……….
5. Many of his articles have been published in this newspaper . He is now a well-known ……………

Exercise 12.

……………ness                               …………(i)ty

useful – usefulness                               rare – rarity

idle –                                                  active -

industrious –                                       possible -

busy –                                                cruel -

friendly –                                            curious -

selfish –                                              difficult -

forgetful –                                           able -

happy –                                              humane -

kind -                                                 safe –

 

                                                   

disproportionableness              incomprehensibilities

                                                              FORMIMG     ADJECTIVES

Noun                  Adjective                              Noun          Adjective

adventure          adventurous                           faith             faithful     

athlete               athletic                                   fool             foolish

beauty               beautiful                                 friend          friendly

boy                   boyish                                    gold            golden

center               central                                    hero            heroic

continent           continental                              industry       industrial

courage             courageous                            metal           metallic

coward             cowardly                                music          musical

danger              dangerous                               mystery        mysterious

noise                 noisy                                      nation           national

poet                  poetic                                    nature           natural

star                   starry                                     person          personal

terror                terrible                                   skill              skillful

value                 valuable                                 sun               sunny

Exercise 1. Form adjective from the noun in brackets:

a………………sea  ( storm )                                  ……………….forests ( value )

a……………… sound ( metal )                              a ………………wonder ( nature )

……………behaviour ( child )                                a……………….place ( mystery )

a……………….phrase ( poet )                               a…………………deed ( courage )

a……………..armchair ( comfort )                          ………………….streets ( center )

a……………..class ( friend )                                   an ……………..trip ( adventure )

Exercise 2.  Form adjectives

Eg.  This has been a very ……. Decision ( fool ) – This has been a very foolish decision.

1. The shop was situated in a ……..square. ( center)
2. Gold is a very ……………….metal ( value )
3. The runner was a man of ………build ( athlete)
4. We studied the ………..sky through a telescope ( star )
5. He feels quite ……….in this warm light room ( comfort )
6. Mark Twain wrote many …………stories ( humour )
7. A ……………person soon puts you at your  ease ( friend )

Exercise 3.  Noun + -( c )al  = Adjective

geography – geographical nation – national person – personal conversation – conversational

music – musical tradition – traditional history – historical practice - practical

Read and translate :

Its geographical position, his personal example,  a musical performance , national dances,  a traditional greeting,  practical difficulties,  conversational language ,  historical monuments

Use  one of the  adjective  with the suffix – ( c )al :

1. Our teacher  of geography told us about the …….position of great Britain.
2. Independence  day is a very important ………….holiday  in the United States.
3. Each country  has its own ………….dances  and songs,  its own ………….instruments.
4. Lots of people  like to spend their holidays  visiting ………….places.

Exercise 4.  Noun + -ic = Adjective

patriot – patriotic hero - heroic

history – historic artist - artistic

Read and translate :

A patriotic war,  a heroic deed,  a historic place ,  artistic skills.

Exercise 5.

care                 careful               careless

fear                 fearful                 fearless

help                helpful                 helpless

hope               hopeful                hopeless

rest                 restful                  restless

use                 useful                   useless

1.      The man felt no fear when he went hunting. He was really a ……………hunter ( fear)

2.      The young boy’s legs were hurt and of no use to him.  He found that his legs were ….when he tried to walk.  ( use )

3.      My friend talks  all the time . His works are ……( end )

4.      I like the story very much. I thought it was …….. ( delight )

5.      The sailors understood that their situation was very dangerous. Some of them had already lost any hope that they would be saved. They were sure that their situation was …… ( hope )

6.      Many racing cars have ……….engines ( power )

7.      This grass snake is not dangerous at all.  It is quite ……. ( harm )

8.      Children should be ………. To their parents ( thank )

9.      He made a lot of mistakes in his composition due to writing ( care )

10.  Bright flowers make the room look ……… ( cheer )

11.  A ……person  can do nothing for himself  ( help )

12.  Richard was ill and could not fall asleep. He had to spend a …..night ( sleep )

13.  Only a very ……..craftsman could make such a beautiful piece of furniture  ( skill )

Exercise 6.

Eg. Our situation was hopeless. All of us had a feeling of hopelessness when we realized  we had lost our way.

1. John is not careful in doing his work . His ………is terrible.
2. The young soldiers found it hard to wait for the signal to attack. Their ……….was noticed by the officers.
3. Ann never tells a lie. You can always depend on her …….
4. I like the quite and ………of the forest. For me it is the most wonderful place in the world.

Exercise 7

	-          Al geography – geographical conversation – practice – classic – tradition – experiment – person -		-          able enjoy – enjoyable value – honour – understand – remark – eat – drink -
	-          ful boast – boastful faith – cheer – truth – colour – delight – harm – wonder -		-          ous mystery – mysterious joy – glory – envy – nerve – danger – humour – fame -
-          ic hero – heroic patriot – artist – fantasy – history -		-          y sun – sunny greed – grass – health – luck -		-          less noise –noiseless sleep – sound – care – fear -

Exercise 7.

care care help help hope rest truth

careful careless helpful helpless hopeful restless truthful

carefulness carelessness helpfulness helplessness hopefulness restlessness truthfulness

Eg. Our situation was hopeless. All of us had a feeling of hopelessness when we realized  we had lost our way.

5. John is not careful in doing his work . His ………is terrible.
6. The young soldiers found it hard to wait for the signal to attack. Their ……….was noticed by the officers.
7. Ann never tells a lie. You can always depend on her …….
8. I like the quite and ………of the forest. For me it is the most wonderful place in the world.

Exercise 8. Read the nouns in a column at the left side . Think of three adjectives which may be used to describe them.

game -

work -

weather -

performance -

scenery -

experiment -

place -

development -

minerals -

Exercise 9.  un + adjective              unhappy = not happy

Unhealthy, unusual, unknown, unpleasant

An unhappy end,  an unkind boy,  an unusual question, an unknown soldier, an unhappy place

I have a collection of fairy tales. Some of them are by unknown writers , but they are very interesting. Some tales have an unusual ends.

Exercise 10.

            Eg.    rain – rainy

Cloud, wind, salt, sun, fun, taste, shine, noise

1. I don’t like it when the weather in summer is ………….and ……………..
2. The cakes that Mummy cooked were …………
3. The water in seas and oceans  is ……………
4. The toys on the New Year Tree were ……
5. It’s nice to bathe and swim when the day is ………
6. We laughed because the story was …….
7. In autumn the sky is usually grey and ……………..

Exercise 11.

Eg.     The garden is full of bright flowers .  It looks so beautiful.

There are lots of stars in the dark sky. It looks so …. It’s fun to watch the monkeys  at the Zoo. They look so.. The airplane is very high in the sky . It …. The lake is very large . Can we swim in it ? It …. Look at the shiny stars . They ……..

beautiful funny small clean nice bright